【摘要】：神華準(zhǔn)格爾大型選煤廠年生產(chǎn)能力達(dá)24 Mt。由于原煤的易碎性和非親水性、生產(chǎn)工藝裝備流程的復(fù)雜性及其粉塵控制設(shè)備系統(tǒng)的不合理性等原因,導(dǎo)致選煤廠給煤倉系統(tǒng)煤塵濃度高達(dá)到550 mg/m3,煤塵污染十分嚴(yán)重。因此選煤廠給煤倉系統(tǒng)粉塵安全防控理論與技術(shù)研究不僅對于杜絕生產(chǎn)安全隱患,保障生產(chǎn)管理人員的身體健康及提高選煤廠管理水平均具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。采用實驗測試、理論分析和數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合的方法,研究了準(zhǔn)格爾選煤廠產(chǎn)塵環(huán)節(jié)粉塵運動的計算方法與基本規(guī)律；確定了給煤倉系統(tǒng)為粉塵防治研究對象,分析了選煤廠給煤倉系統(tǒng)煤塵特性與分布特征；分別基于給煤倉倉頂轉(zhuǎn)載點、倉頂落煤過程、倉下給料系統(tǒng)中煤塵發(fā)塵機理、逸散規(guī)律的研究,提出了相應(yīng)的控制技術(shù)；以倉頂轉(zhuǎn)載點導(dǎo)料槽、給煤倉作為封閉空間,研究了的粉塵爆炸危險性與煤炭自燃危險性。給煤倉系統(tǒng)粉塵濃度與特性測定結(jié)果表明：治理前全塵、呼吸性粉塵分別超標(biāo)1.5～27.5、1.82～8.43倍,呼吸性粉塵累計百分比約為54～67%,粉塵屬于油性粉塵。利用誘導(dǎo)風(fēng)流、牽引風(fēng)流和空氣沖擊波風(fēng)流等理論,研究了準(zhǔn)格爾選煤廠給煤倉系統(tǒng)粉塵運移基本規(guī)律。分別采用稀疏相和稠密相模擬方法,建立了產(chǎn)塵點粉塵擴散基本方程和粉塵顆粒典型氣固兩相運動方程。運用氣固兩相流理論和空氣沖擊波理論,對導(dǎo)料槽長度及除塵器的安裝位置進行了計算確定與優(yōu)化,提出了給煤倉頂采用設(shè)置機頭除塵器+倉間密閉罩+除塵器干式聯(lián)合控塵技術(shù)、給煤倉下給料車間機尾無罩設(shè)導(dǎo)料槽+除塵器干式聯(lián)合控塵技術(shù)。建立了給煤倉粉塵監(jiān)控及自動噴霧系統(tǒng)。首次運用氣固兩相流、多孔介質(zhì)滲流場與溫度場耦合理論,對選煤廠給煤倉導(dǎo)料槽、給煤倉封閉空間內(nèi)粉塵爆炸危險性與自燃危險性進行了分析,分析結(jié)果表明：導(dǎo)料槽內(nèi)、給煤倉倉內(nèi)粉塵濃度范圍分別約為993-1016 mg/m3、2000～4500 mg/m3,均達(dá)不到煤塵爆炸下限濃度30000-50000 mg/m3,無爆炸危險性。煤倉內(nèi)存煤高度為18.56m時,煤倉內(nèi)存煤較少時,自燃風(fēng)速出現(xiàn)在倉內(nèi)煤的表面,倉內(nèi)煤存在自燃可能性,提出了倉內(nèi)煤自燃綜合預(yù)防措施。存煤高度為25 m、45m時,不存在自燃危險性。
[Abstract]:Annual production capacity of Shenhua Zhunger large Coal preparation Plant reaches 24 Mt. Due to the friability and non-hydrophilicity of raw coal, the complexity of production process and equipment process and the irrationality of dust control equipment system, the coal dust concentration of coal bunker system of coal preparation plant is high to 550 mg/m3, coal dust pollution is very serious. Therefore, the theory and technology research of dust safety prevention and control in coal bin system of coal preparation plant is of great practical significance not only to eliminate the hidden dangers of production safety, to ensure the health of production managers and to improve the management level of coal preparation plant. Using the method of experimental test, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the calculation method and basic law of dust movement in dust production link of Zhungel Coal preparation Plant are studied, and the coal bin system is determined as the research object of dust prevention and control. The characteristics and distribution characteristics of coal dust in coal bunker system of coal preparation plant are analyzed, and the corresponding control techniques are put forward based on the research of the top transfer point of coal bunker, the process of top coal falling, the mechanism of dust generation and the law of dispersal of coal dust in coal bunker feeding system. The dust explosion risk and the coal spontaneous combustion risk were studied with the conveying tank at the top of the silo and the coal bunker as the closed space. The test results of dust concentration and characteristics of coal bunker system showed that before treatment, the total dust of respiratory dust exceeded the standard of 1.5 ~ 27.51.82% 8.43 times respectively, and the cumulative percentage of respiratory dust was about 540.67%, and the dust belonged to oil dust. Based on the theories of induced air flow, traction air flow and air shock wave, the basic law of dust migration in the coal bunker system of Zhungel Coal preparation Plant is studied. By using sparse phase and dense phase simulation method, the basic equation of dust diffusion at dust-producing point and the motion equation of typical gas-solid phase of dust particles are established. Based on the theory of gas-solid two-phase flow and the theory of air shock wave, the length of the guide tank and the installation position of the dust collector are calculated and optimized. The dry dust-control technology is put forward for the top of the coal bunker by setting the closed cover dust collector between the bunker and the dry dust-control technology of the dust remover without a guide groove at the tail of the feed workshop under the coal bunker. A dust monitoring and automatic spray system for coal bunker was established. The coupling theory of gas-solid two-phase flow, porous media percolation field and temperature field is used for the first time to analyze the dust explosion and spontaneous combustion risk in the feed bin of coal preparation plant and the closed space of coal bunker. The dust concentration ranges from 993 to 1016 mg/m3,2000~4500 mg/m3, in the coal bunker are below the lower limit of coal dust explosion (30000-50000 mg/m3,) and there is no explosion hazard. When the coal storage height is 18.56m and the coal stored in the bunker is less, the wind speed of spontaneous combustion appears on the surface of the coal in the bunker, and there is the possibility of spontaneous combustion in the coal in the bunker. The comprehensive preventive measures for the spontaneous combustion of the coal in the bunker are put forward. When the coal storage height is 25 m or 45 m, there is no danger of spontaneous combustion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD714.4

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