【摘要】：臥螺離心機是煤泥脫水工藝中的常用設(shè)備,現(xiàn)有煤用臥螺離心機速差固定不可調(diào)節(jié)。前期研究結(jié)果表明,變速差臥螺離心機有利于提高脫水效率,但存在速差調(diào)節(jié)不穩(wěn)定以及電機反向充電燒毀變頻器的問題。因此,本項研究構(gòu)建雙變頻共直流母線驅(qū)動系統(tǒng),研究雙變頻速差控制方案和離心機空載狀態(tài)下刮刀與篩籃拖動關(guān)系,以及研究載料工況下再生電能的影響因素對臥螺離心機工業(yè)應(yīng)用有著指導(dǎo)作用。本文主要針對臥螺離心機的速差控制方案、離心機工作機構(gòu)運行狀態(tài)、再生電能影響因素及離心機脫水效果幾方面進行研究。根據(jù)脫水工藝及控制要求設(shè)計離心機轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng),畫出控制系統(tǒng)方框圖,采用動態(tài)響應(yīng)分析,提出串級系統(tǒng)控制策略。對比計算單回路控制系統(tǒng)和串級控制系統(tǒng)方框圖傳遞函數(shù),分析優(yōu)化后的離心機轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)特性和克服二次干擾的能力。依托搭建的離心機調(diào)速系統(tǒng),通過雙電機對拖關(guān)系試驗,研究離心機空載運行條件下,頻率差的改變對雙電機對拖干擾的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)頻率差增大,系統(tǒng)受對拖干擾的影響效果總體下降,其中篩籃受對拖干擾的影響與頻率差為正相關(guān),刮刀受對拖干擾的影響與頻率差為負相關(guān)。并通過對離心機主要工作機構(gòu)的工作狀態(tài)分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)在離心機運行時,再生電能是由于刮刀電機輸入制動轉(zhuǎn)矩所致。根據(jù)再生電能的產(chǎn)生特點,分析并提出共直流母線方案對其進行處理。在離心機載料運行工況下,分析篩籃轉(zhuǎn)速、離心機速差及離心機處理量對再生電能影響。研究表明再生電能隨篩籃轉(zhuǎn)速的升高而增大,隨速差的增加而增大,速差越大增速越快,隨離心機處理量的提高而增大。最后,基于已搭建的臥螺離心機試驗系統(tǒng)進行粗煤泥脫水試驗,研究本試驗所用臥螺離心機的最佳工作速差區(qū)間及最適宜篩籃工作轉(zhuǎn)速范圍,結(jié)果表明3.0-9.0rpm為最佳工作速差區(qū)間,篩籃工作轉(zhuǎn)速則要高于435.0rpm,速差對于脫水效果的影響大于篩籃轉(zhuǎn)速對脫水效果的影響。
[Abstract]:Horizontal screw centrifuge is a common equipment in coal sludge dehydration process. The speed difference of existing horizontal screw centrifuge can not be adjusted. The previous research results show that the variable speed differential horizontal screw centrifuge is beneficial to improve the dehydration efficiency, but the speed difference adjustment is unstable and the motor reverse charge burns out the inverter. Therefore, this paper studies the construction of double frequency conversion common DC bus drive system, and studies the control scheme of double frequency conversion speed difference and the relationship between scraper and screen basket driving under the condition of no load of centrifuge. The research on the influencing factors of regenerated electric energy under loading condition has a guiding effect on the industrial application of horizontal spiral centrifuge. This paper mainly focuses on the speed difference control scheme of the horizontal spiral centrifuge, the running state of the working mechanism of the centrifuge, the influence factors of regenerating electric energy and the dehydration effect of the centrifuge. According to the dehydration process and control requirements, the speed regulation system of centrifuge is designed, the block diagram of the control system is drawn, the dynamic response analysis is adopted, and the control strategy of cascade system is put forward. The block diagram transfer function of single loop control system and cascade control system is calculated, and the dynamic characteristics of the optimized rotating speed regulation system of centrifuge and the ability to overcome the secondary interference are analyzed. Based on the speed regulation system of centrifuge, the influence of frequency difference on towing interference of double motor is studied under the condition of no-load operation of centrifuge through the test of towing relation of double motor, and it is found that the frequency difference increases. The effect of the system affected by towing interference was generally decreased, in which the influence of sieve basket on towing interference was positively related to the frequency difference, and the influence of scraper on towing interference was negatively correlated with the frequency difference. Through the analysis of the working state of the main working mechanism of the centrifuge, it is found that the regenerative electric energy is caused by the input braking torque of the scraper motor when the centrifuge is running. According to the characteristics of generation of regenerated electric energy, a common DC bus scheme is proposed to deal with it. Under the operating condition of centrifuge loading, the influence of screen basket speed, centrifuge speed difference and centrifuge handling capacity on regenerated electric energy is analyzed. The results show that the regenerated electric energy increases with the increase of the speed of the screen basket, increases with the increase of the speed difference, increases with the increase of the speed difference, and increases with the increase of the processing capacity of the centrifuge. Finally, based on the dewatering test of coarse coal slime, the optimum working speed difference interval and the optimum working speed range of the horizontal spiral centrifuge used in this test are studied. The results show that 3.0-9.0rpm is the best working speed difference interval. The working speed of the screen basket was higher than that of 435.0 rpm, and the effect of the speed difference on the dehydration effect was greater than that of the screen basket speed on the dehydration effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD462.1;TD94

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