克魯-沖木達(dá)成礦帶斑巖型與矽卡巖型礦床的成因聯(lián)系研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-28 09:24
【摘要】：目前在岡底斯成礦帶上已發(fā)現(xiàn)大型、超大型甚至巨型斑巖型銅礦床,這些斑巖型礦床多形成于青藏高原陸-陸碰撞之后,受高原東緣的NW向大規(guī)模走滑斷裂系統(tǒng)控制。岡底斯成礦帶東段位于岡底斯-念青唐古拉山板片次級構(gòu)造單元岡底斯-巖漿弧的東段南緣,屬岡底斯銅多金屬成礦帶的重要組成部分,主要以產(chǎn)出斑巖型銅礦床和矽卡巖型銅多金屬礦床為特征。目前的工作主要集中在以斑巖型銅鉬礦化為主的中亞帶和以鉛鋅鉬礦化為主的北亞帶,而對南亞帶的礦床研究尚且十分薄弱�？唆�-沖木達(dá)成礦帶隸屬于岡底斯成礦帶東段南亞帶,位于西藏南部扎囊-桑日縣之間,分布有努日、程巴、克魯、沖木達(dá)和帕南等中到大型Cu-Mo-W(±Au)礦床,其中努日礦床和程巴礦床是該帶新發(fā)現(xiàn)的大型矽卡巖-斑巖型的礦床和斑巖型礦床,兩礦床礦化元素組合分別為Cu-Mo-W和Mo-Cu。該帶斑巖型銅礦床和矽卡巖型銅多金屬礦床的發(fā)現(xiàn)對整個岡底斯成礦帶的礦床勘查和研究具有極重要的意義。論文依托于中國地質(zhì)調(diào)查局“西藏山南地區(qū)銅多金屬礦成礦地質(zhì)背景與成礦條件及找礦方法技術(shù)研究”項(xiàng)目(12120113095700),在充分收集整理前人研究成果基礎(chǔ)上,通過典型礦床的剖析研究,從巖體的地質(zhì)特征、地球化學(xué)特征、成礦物質(zhì)來源、成礦流體來源和礦床的時空分布特征等方面,探討了了斑巖型銅礦床和矽卡巖型銅多金屬礦床的成因聯(lián)系。綜合研究,取得了如下成果和認(rèn)識:(1)礦床的地質(zhì)特征和地球化學(xué)特征研究表明,克魯-沖木達(dá)成礦帶的斑巖型礦床和矽卡巖型礦床的巖漿巖形成于島弧環(huán)境或同碰撞環(huán)境,具有埃達(dá)克巖或類埃達(dá)克巖的地球化學(xué)性質(zhì)。(2)礦床黃鐵礦、黃銅礦等硫化物的S、Pb同位素研究顯示,克魯-沖木達(dá)成礦帶的斑巖型礦床和矽卡巖型礦床具有相似的成礦物質(zhì)來源,與北亞帶、中亞帶相比,北亞帶的成礦物質(zhì)主要以殼源為主,中亞帶和南亞帶主要以殼�；旌显礊橹�,只是南亞帶中殼源物質(zhì)占的比例相對中亞帶較大。(3)流體包裹體的巖相學(xué)、氫氧同位素及成分組成研究表明,矽卡巖型礦床成礦流體中巖漿水是占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位的,與大氣降水發(fā)生混合作用是次要的,而斑巖型礦床在主要成礦階段成礦流體以巖漿水為主,但在成礦作用后期階段成礦流體已有相當(dāng)數(shù)量的大氣降水的混入。(4)克魯-沖木達(dá)成礦帶斑巖型銅礦床和矽卡巖型銅多金屬礦床的成礦作用時間大致相當(dāng)(30~23Ma),矽卡巖型礦床一般分布于斑巖銅礦床的外圍或是呈獨(dú)立礦床產(chǎn)出,頂部和淺部矽卡巖型礦化也可以作為尋找斑巖型礦床的標(biāo)志之一。綜合分析認(rèn)為,克魯-沖木達(dá)成礦帶的斑巖型銅礦床與矽卡巖型銅多金屬礦床受控于統(tǒng)一的地球動力學(xué)背景,在成因上與統(tǒng)一的斑巖-矽卡巖型成礦系統(tǒng)中的巖漿-熱液成礦作用有關(guān),是在晚碰撞階段印-亞大陸的持續(xù)會聚和擠壓背景下,由下地殼或上地幔局部熔融的中酸性巖漿沿構(gòu)造斷裂通道上侵,在花崗質(zhì)巖漿巖頂部及其內(nèi)外接觸帶形成斑巖礦床的同時,自巖漿活動中心向外遷移的含礦氣液,在巖體外接觸帶或遠(yuǎn)離巖體的鈣質(zhì)圍巖地層中與圍巖發(fā)生交代形成矽卡巖銅多金屬礦床。
[Abstract]:Large, super-large and even giant porphyry copper deposits have been found in the Gangdise metallogenic belt. Most of these porphyry copper deposits were formed after the continental-continental collision of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and controlled by the NW-trending strike-slip fault system in the eastern margin of the plateau. The southern margin of the eastern segment of the magmatic arc is an important part of the Gangdise copper polymetallic metallogenic belt, characterized by the occurrence of porphyry copper deposits and skarn copper polymetallic deposits. The Klu-Chongmuda ore belt is located between Zaburg-Sangri County, southern Tibet, and belongs to the South Asian belt in the eastern part of the Gangdise metallogenic belt. There are medium-to-large Cu-Mo-W(+Au) deposits in Nuri, Chengba, Klu, Chongmuda and Panan, among which the Nuri and Chengba deposits are the newly discovered large-scale skarn-porphyry deposits. The discovery of porphyry type copper deposits and skarn type copper polymetallic deposits in this belt is of great significance to the exploration and study of the deposits in the whole Gangdise metallogenic belt. On the basis of fully collecting predecessors'research results and through the analysis and study of typical deposits, porphyry types are discussed from the aspects of geological characteristics, geochemical characteristics, source of metallogenic materials, source of metallogenic fluids and spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of deposits. The genetic relationship between copper deposits and skarn type copper polymetallic deposits has been studied comprehensively and the following achievements and understandings have been obtained: (1) The geological and geochemical characteristics of the deposits show that the porphyry type deposits and the magmatic rocks of skarn type deposits in the Kelu-Chongmuda ore belt were formed in island arc environment or in collision environment with adakite or adakite. Geochemical properties of adakite-like rocks. (2) S and Pb isotope studies of sulfides such as pyrite and chalcopyrite show that porphyry deposits and skarn deposits in the Kelu-Chongmuda ore belt have similar sources of ore-forming materials. Compared with the northern and central sub-belts, the ore-forming materials in the northern sub-belt are mainly crustal, and the central and southern sub-belts are mainly crustal. The crust-mantle mixed source is the main source in the belt, but the proportion of crust-derived material in South Asia is larger than that in Central Asia. (3) The study of petrography, hydrogen-oxygen isotope and composition of fluid inclusions shows that magmatic water is dominant in the ore-forming fluid of SKARN-TYPE deposits, and mixing with atmospheric precipitation is secondary, while porphyry-type deposits are secondary. The ore-forming fluid of the deposit is mainly magmatic water in the main metallogenic stage, but a considerable amount of atmospheric precipitation has been mixed into the ore-forming fluid in the late stage of the mineralization. (4) The metallogenic time of porphyry copper deposit and skarn copper polymetallic deposit in the Kelu-Chongmuda ore belt is approximately the same (30-23 Ma), and skarn type deposit is generally distributed in the late stage of the mineralization. Porphyry copper deposits occur in the periphery or as independent deposits, and SKARN-TYPE mineralization in the top and shallow parts can also be used as one of the indicators for prospecting porphyry-type deposits. The magma-hydrothermal mineralization in the PORPHYRY-SKARN type metallogenic system is related to the continuous convergence and compression of the Indo-Asian continent during the late collision stage. The intermediate-acid magma partially melted from the lower crust or the upper mantle intruded along the structural fracture pathway and formed porphyry deposits at the top of the granitic magma and its inner and outer contact zones. Skarn copper polymetallic deposits are formed by the outward migration of ore-bearing gas from the magmatic activity center in the calcareous wall rock strata of the outer contact zone or far away from the rock mass.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.41;P618.2
本文編號：2208977
[Abstract]:Large, super-large and even giant porphyry copper deposits have been found in the Gangdise metallogenic belt. Most of these porphyry copper deposits were formed after the continental-continental collision of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and controlled by the NW-trending strike-slip fault system in the eastern margin of the plateau. The southern margin of the eastern segment of the magmatic arc is an important part of the Gangdise copper polymetallic metallogenic belt, characterized by the occurrence of porphyry copper deposits and skarn copper polymetallic deposits. The Klu-Chongmuda ore belt is located between Zaburg-Sangri County, southern Tibet, and belongs to the South Asian belt in the eastern part of the Gangdise metallogenic belt. There are medium-to-large Cu-Mo-W(+Au) deposits in Nuri, Chengba, Klu, Chongmuda and Panan, among which the Nuri and Chengba deposits are the newly discovered large-scale skarn-porphyry deposits. The discovery of porphyry type copper deposits and skarn type copper polymetallic deposits in this belt is of great significance to the exploration and study of the deposits in the whole Gangdise metallogenic belt. On the basis of fully collecting predecessors'research results and through the analysis and study of typical deposits, porphyry types are discussed from the aspects of geological characteristics, geochemical characteristics, source of metallogenic materials, source of metallogenic fluids and spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of deposits. The genetic relationship between copper deposits and skarn type copper polymetallic deposits has been studied comprehensively and the following achievements and understandings have been obtained: (1) The geological and geochemical characteristics of the deposits show that the porphyry type deposits and the magmatic rocks of skarn type deposits in the Kelu-Chongmuda ore belt were formed in island arc environment or in collision environment with adakite or adakite. Geochemical properties of adakite-like rocks. (2) S and Pb isotope studies of sulfides such as pyrite and chalcopyrite show that porphyry deposits and skarn deposits in the Kelu-Chongmuda ore belt have similar sources of ore-forming materials. Compared with the northern and central sub-belts, the ore-forming materials in the northern sub-belt are mainly crustal, and the central and southern sub-belts are mainly crustal. The crust-mantle mixed source is the main source in the belt, but the proportion of crust-derived material in South Asia is larger than that in Central Asia. (3) The study of petrography, hydrogen-oxygen isotope and composition of fluid inclusions shows that magmatic water is dominant in the ore-forming fluid of SKARN-TYPE deposits, and mixing with atmospheric precipitation is secondary, while porphyry-type deposits are secondary. The ore-forming fluid of the deposit is mainly magmatic water in the main metallogenic stage, but a considerable amount of atmospheric precipitation has been mixed into the ore-forming fluid in the late stage of the mineralization. (4) The metallogenic time of porphyry copper deposit and skarn copper polymetallic deposit in the Kelu-Chongmuda ore belt is approximately the same (30-23 Ma), and skarn type deposit is generally distributed in the late stage of the mineralization. Porphyry copper deposits occur in the periphery or as independent deposits, and SKARN-TYPE mineralization in the top and shallow parts can also be used as one of the indicators for prospecting porphyry-type deposits. The magma-hydrothermal mineralization in the PORPHYRY-SKARN type metallogenic system is related to the continuous convergence and compression of the Indo-Asian continent during the late collision stage. The intermediate-acid magma partially melted from the lower crust or the upper mantle intruded along the structural fracture pathway and formed porphyry deposits at the top of the granitic magma and its inner and outer contact zones. Skarn copper polymetallic deposits are formed by the outward migration of ore-bearing gas from the magmatic activity center in the calcareous wall rock strata of the outer contact zone or far away from the rock mass.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.41;P618.2
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