【摘要】：礦產(chǎn)資源是保障國(guó)家安全和經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。隨著航天航空事業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展,稀有稀散金屬錸的需求量急劇增大。而錸是地球上最稀缺的金屬之一,如何綜合開采錸,提高錸的儲(chǔ)量引起了國(guó)家有關(guān)部門的高度關(guān)注。本文建立了氧化鎂燒結(jié)—ICP-MS測(cè)定砂巖型鈾礦中痕量錸的方法,該方法通過采用氧化鎂燒結(jié)的熔礦方式,以及選用103Rh作為內(nèi)標(biāo)元素,有效地消除鈾、鉬及其他基體元素的干擾。在最佳條件下,方法對(duì)錸的檢出限可低至0.0008μg/L,通過對(duì)多種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)樣品和實(shí)際樣品的分析表明,方法的相對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差均小于1.5%,能夠滿足砂巖型鈾礦中痕量錸的測(cè)定需求。采用循環(huán)伏安法系統(tǒng)研究了錸(Ⅶ)在黃鐵礦表面的氧化還原性質(zhì),研究了不同接觸時(shí)間、pH、溫度對(duì)錸氧化還原性質(zhì)的影響,表明錸在砂巖型鈾礦中難被還原。開展了黃鐵礦和腐殖酸對(duì)錸的吸附研究,結(jié)果表明,黃鐵礦和腐殖酸錸(Ⅶ)沒有明顯的吸附能力。根據(jù)實(shí)際的砂巖型鈾礦酸法地浸液中的主要成分及其含量、溫度、pH和pe等參數(shù),采用PHREEQC進(jìn)行理論計(jì)算,結(jié)果表明錸元素在砂巖型鈾礦酸法地浸液中不受酸度、離子強(qiáng)度的影響,錸主要以ReO4-的形式穩(wěn)定存在。而浸出液中鈾的存在形式也不受陰離子(SO42-、Cl-)的濃度的影響,但受溶液的酸度影響,并且隨溶液酸度的變化而變化。在pH值2.0~5.0區(qū)間時(shí)UO2SO4為主要形態(tài),在pH值5.0~8.0區(qū)間時(shí)(UO2)2CO3(OH)3-為主要形態(tài)。開展了砂巖型鈾礦中鈾、錸共浸出工藝實(shí)驗(yàn),確定了5~10 g/L硫酸加0.8~1.2 g/L過氧化氫的浸出工藝條件。通過大量現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)分析表明,含錸砂巖型鈾礦浸出液中錸的濃度在61~104μg/L范圍,需要高分配比的陰離子樹脂才能有效富集錸。
[Abstract]:Mineral resources are the important material foundation to guarantee national security and economic sustainable development. With the rapid development of aerospace industry, the demand for rare and scattered metal rhenium increases rapidly. Rhenium is one of the scarcest metals on earth. A method for the determination of trace rhenium in sandstone-type uranium deposits by sintering magnesium oxide with ICP-MS has been established in this paper. The interference of uranium, molybdenum and other matrix elements can be effectively eliminated by adopting the melting method of magnesium oxide sintering and selecting 103Rh as the internal standard element. Under the optimum conditions, the detection limit of rhenium can be as low as 0.0008 渭 g / L. The analysis of various standard samples and actual samples shows that the relative standard deviation of the method is less than 1.5, which can meet the requirements for the determination of trace rhenium in sandstone-type uranium deposits. The redox properties of rhenium (鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2201480