含氧捕收劑在低階煤浮選中的應(yīng)用研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-22 15:00
【摘要】：隨著采煤、選煤機(jī)械化程度的提高,細(xì)粒煤泥產(chǎn)量增加,煉焦煤作為稀缺煤種,選煤工藝中一般設(shè)置浮選作業(yè)對(duì)細(xì)粒煤進(jìn)行分選回收。但長(zhǎng)焰煤、不粘煤等動(dòng)力煤的分選工藝中通常不設(shè)浮選作業(yè),主要因?yàn)榈碗A煤表面賦有大量含氧官能團(tuán),致使疏水性弱,難以浮選,經(jīng)濟(jì)成本較高�，F(xiàn)如今,煤泥產(chǎn)量的增加與其處理方法的矛盾越來(lái)越尖銳,急需推動(dòng)低階煤浮選工業(yè)化生產(chǎn),而研發(fā)出適合低階煤浮選的捕收劑是推動(dòng)其工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)最可行的途徑之一。本論文以神華神東某選煤廠細(xì)粒煤泥為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)其基本性質(zhì)作了較為全面的分析,并進(jìn)行了各類捕收劑的浮選試驗(yàn),深入探究了極性捕收劑對(duì)低階煤浮選行為的影響,這對(duì)于低階煤浮選高效捕收劑的研發(fā)意義重大。論文試驗(yàn)煤樣灰分為26.20%左右,主導(dǎo)粒級(jí)為0.045 mm,產(chǎn)率達(dá)到68.97%;該煤泥中間密度級(jí)含量較高,連生體較多;煤中礦物質(zhì)主要有石英、高嶺石及少量的斜綠泥石;另一方面,煤表面賦存有較多的親水性含氧官能團(tuán),主要包括C-O、C=O和O=C-O,測(cè)量出煤樣接觸角為60.01°,表面疏水性弱,可浮性差。與烷烴捕收劑相比,極性捕收劑可以大幅度提高低階煤浮選效果。羧酸捕收劑可以在較少用量取得較好的浮選效果,但易使精煤灰分偏高;12個(gè)碳原子內(nèi),醇類捕收劑碳鏈長(zhǎng)度對(duì)精煤灰分的影響較大;短鏈酮比長(zhǎng)鏈分子有較高的浮選活性;短鏈醛(戊醛)對(duì)低階煤有較好的捕收性,但長(zhǎng)鏈捕收劑(十二醛與十六醛)會(huì)使可燃體回收率急劇下降。烷烴捕收劑的捕收性與選擇性均較低;羧酸捕收劑與酮類捕收劑均表現(xiàn)出較高的捕收性與選擇性,碳鏈長(zhǎng)度的增加對(duì)其性質(zhì)有一定的影響;短鏈醇較長(zhǎng)鏈醇有較好的捕收性與選擇性;醛類捕收劑的捕收性與選擇性受碳鏈長(zhǎng)度的影響較大。從捕收劑的HLB值分析,羧酸捕收劑的無(wú)機(jī)性最高,醇次之,隨碳原子的增多,捕收劑的HLB值下降,其越疏水。捕收劑作用后煤樣接觸角均有一定程度的提高,烷烴處理后煤樣接觸角可以提高2.50-5.00o,而羧酸捕收劑對(duì)煤樣接觸角的提高均在7.50o以上;短鏈醇可以提高煤樣接觸角8.00o以上,但長(zhǎng)鏈醇使煤樣接觸角僅提高約5.00o;酮類捕收劑作用后煤樣接觸角增幅均較小,2-辛酮作用下可使煤樣接觸角提高約7.00o;1-辛醛作用后煤樣接觸角提高了近10.00o,但長(zhǎng)鏈醛僅使接觸角提高5.00o左右。由捕收劑作用后煤樣紅外光譜分析可得,極性捕收劑與煤表面-OH發(fā)生鍵合作用,減少煤表面親水區(qū)域面積,增強(qiáng)表面疏水性,提高浮選效果,此外,醇、酮、醛可以與煤表面非極性區(qū)域發(fā)生吸附作用。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of coal mining and coal preparation mechanization, the production of fine coal slime increases, coking coal as a scarce coal, flotation operation is generally set up in the coal preparation process for the separation and recovery of fine coal. But in the separation process of long flame coal and uncaking coal, flotation is usually not carried out, mainly because of the large number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of low rank coal, which makes hydrophobicity weak, difficult to flotation and high economic cost. Nowadays, the contradiction between the increase of coal slime production and the treatment method is becoming more and more sharp, so it is urgent to promote the industrial production of low-rank coal flotation, and to develop a collector suitable for low-rank coal flotation is one of the most feasible ways to promote its industrial production. In this paper, the fine coal slime in a coal preparation plant of Shenhua Shendong is taken as the research object, its basic properties are analyzed comprehensively, the flotation tests of various kinds of collector are carried out, and the effect of polar collector on the flotation behavior of low-rank coal is deeply explored. This is of great significance to the research and development of high efficiency collector for low rank coal flotation. In this paper, the ash of coal sample is divided into about 26.20%, the dominant particle grade is 0.045 mm, the yield is 68.97 mm, the intermediate density level of the coal slime is higher, and there are more synbiotic bodies; the minerals in the coal are mainly quartz, kaolinite and a small amount of clinopyrite; on the other hand, There are many hydrophilic oxygen-containing functional groups on the coal surface, mainly including C-O Con O and Oo C-O. The contact angle of the coal sample is 60.01 擄, the surface hydrophobicity is weak, and the floatability is poor. Compared with alkane collector, polar collector can greatly improve the flotation effect of low rank coal. Carboxylic acid collector can obtain better flotation effect in less dosage, but it is easy to make the ash content of clean coal higher, in 12 carbon atoms, the alcohol collector carbon chain length has great influence on the ash content of clean coal, the short chain ketone ratio long chain molecule has higher flotation activity. The short chain aldehydes (pentaldehyde) has a good trapping property for low rank coal, but the long chain collector (dodecaldehyde and hexadecanal) will make the combustible body recovery decrease sharply. The collection and selectivity of alkane collector are lower, carboxylic acid collector and ketone collector have higher collection ability and selectivity, and the increase of carbon chain length has a certain influence on their properties. The short chain alcohol has better capture and selectivity than long chain alcohol, and the capture and selectivity of aldehydes are greatly affected by the length of carbon chain. According to the HLB value of the collector, the inorganic property of the carboxylic acid collector is the highest, followed by the alcohol. With the increase of carbon atom, the HLB value of the collector decreases, and the hydrophobicity of the collector decreases. The contact angle of coal sample increased to a certain extent after the action of collector, the contact angle of coal sample increased by 2.50-5.00oafter alkane treatment, and the contact angle of coal sample by carboxylic acid collector increased above 7.50o, and the contact angle of coal sample increased by 8.00o by short chain alcohol. However, long chain alcohol only increased the contact angle of coal samples by about 5.00 o.After the action of ketone collector, the increase of contact angle of coal samples was smaller than that of coal samples treated with 2-octanone. The contact angle of coal samples increased by about 7.00o1 octanal, but the contact angle of long chain aldehydes was only increased by 10.00o. The contact angle is increased by about 5.00o. According to the infrared spectrum analysis of coal sample after the action of collector, the polar collector can be used to bond with coal surface -OH, reduce the hydrophilic area of coal surface, enhance surface hydrophobicity, improve flotation effect, in addition, alcohol, ketone, Aldehydes can be adsorbed to nonpolar regions of coal surface.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD94;TD923.13
本文編號(hào)：2197458
[Abstract]:With the improvement of coal mining and coal preparation mechanization, the production of fine coal slime increases, coking coal as a scarce coal, flotation operation is generally set up in the coal preparation process for the separation and recovery of fine coal. But in the separation process of long flame coal and uncaking coal, flotation is usually not carried out, mainly because of the large number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of low rank coal, which makes hydrophobicity weak, difficult to flotation and high economic cost. Nowadays, the contradiction between the increase of coal slime production and the treatment method is becoming more and more sharp, so it is urgent to promote the industrial production of low-rank coal flotation, and to develop a collector suitable for low-rank coal flotation is one of the most feasible ways to promote its industrial production. In this paper, the fine coal slime in a coal preparation plant of Shenhua Shendong is taken as the research object, its basic properties are analyzed comprehensively, the flotation tests of various kinds of collector are carried out, and the effect of polar collector on the flotation behavior of low-rank coal is deeply explored. This is of great significance to the research and development of high efficiency collector for low rank coal flotation. In this paper, the ash of coal sample is divided into about 26.20%, the dominant particle grade is 0.045 mm, the yield is 68.97 mm, the intermediate density level of the coal slime is higher, and there are more synbiotic bodies; the minerals in the coal are mainly quartz, kaolinite and a small amount of clinopyrite; on the other hand, There are many hydrophilic oxygen-containing functional groups on the coal surface, mainly including C-O Con O and Oo C-O. The contact angle of the coal sample is 60.01 擄, the surface hydrophobicity is weak, and the floatability is poor. Compared with alkane collector, polar collector can greatly improve the flotation effect of low rank coal. Carboxylic acid collector can obtain better flotation effect in less dosage, but it is easy to make the ash content of clean coal higher, in 12 carbon atoms, the alcohol collector carbon chain length has great influence on the ash content of clean coal, the short chain ketone ratio long chain molecule has higher flotation activity. The short chain aldehydes (pentaldehyde) has a good trapping property for low rank coal, but the long chain collector (dodecaldehyde and hexadecanal) will make the combustible body recovery decrease sharply. The collection and selectivity of alkane collector are lower, carboxylic acid collector and ketone collector have higher collection ability and selectivity, and the increase of carbon chain length has a certain influence on their properties. The short chain alcohol has better capture and selectivity than long chain alcohol, and the capture and selectivity of aldehydes are greatly affected by the length of carbon chain. According to the HLB value of the collector, the inorganic property of the carboxylic acid collector is the highest, followed by the alcohol. With the increase of carbon atom, the HLB value of the collector decreases, and the hydrophobicity of the collector decreases. The contact angle of coal sample increased to a certain extent after the action of collector, the contact angle of coal sample increased by 2.50-5.00oafter alkane treatment, and the contact angle of coal sample by carboxylic acid collector increased above 7.50o, and the contact angle of coal sample increased by 8.00o by short chain alcohol. However, long chain alcohol only increased the contact angle of coal samples by about 5.00 o.After the action of ketone collector, the increase of contact angle of coal samples was smaller than that of coal samples treated with 2-octanone. The contact angle of coal samples increased by about 7.00o1 octanal, but the contact angle of long chain aldehydes was only increased by 10.00o. The contact angle is increased by about 5.00o. According to the infrared spectrum analysis of coal sample after the action of collector, the polar collector can be used to bond with coal surface -OH, reduce the hydrophilic area of coal surface, enhance surface hydrophobicity, improve flotation effect, in addition, alcohol, ketone, Aldehydes can be adsorbed to nonpolar regions of coal surface.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD94;TD923.13
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