【摘要】：里農(nóng)礦段是羊拉銅礦的主要采礦區(qū)之一,采取的采礦方式包括底盤漏斗空場充填法、房柱法、全面法及近地表崩落法,其中主要采礦方法為底盤漏斗空場充填法,當(dāng)前礦山已開采多年并形成大量采空區(qū),由于原設(shè)計的尾砂充填采空區(qū)方案應(yīng)用失敗,而新的充填方案也未得到有效的實施,致使大量采空區(qū)暴露,局部地段還存在上下兩層采空區(qū)重疊的現(xiàn)象。到目前為止里農(nóng)礦段部分地表已經(jīng)發(fā)生山體滑坡,部分采空區(qū)頂板有垮落跡象,充填頂沿垮斷或受到破壞,對礦山安全生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)生了嚴重的影響,因此迫切需要對里農(nóng)礦段現(xiàn)有采空區(qū)的穩(wěn)定性進行研究和治理。通過查閱大量有關(guān)空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性影響因素分類的文獻,從而提出了影響礦山采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性的三大類主要因素,并在此基礎(chǔ)上進一步細分為十二小類,借助國內(nèi)外普遍采用的AHP層次分析法獲得了各影響因素重要性排序,結(jié)果顯示影響采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性的最主要影響因素為地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、礦柱尺寸布置、水文地質(zhì)條件、空區(qū)面積、巖石質(zhì)量指標(biāo)等。本文分別選取了礦體頂板、含礦層和礦體底板巖體作為研究對象,與現(xiàn)場實際情況相結(jié)合,對三種主要巖體進行密度、彈性模量、泊松比、單軸抗壓強度、抗拉強度、內(nèi)聚力、內(nèi)摩擦角等物理力學(xué)試驗。最后利用Hoek-Brown強度準(zhǔn)則將實驗室測定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)式樣的巖石力學(xué)參數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閹r體力學(xué)參數(shù)。本文作者首先對里農(nóng)礦段進行詳細地野外調(diào)查,包括礦山工程地質(zhì)、水文地質(zhì)等開采技術(shù)條件、采空區(qū)分布情況及采空區(qū)變形破壞現(xiàn)狀等;然后通過現(xiàn)場取樣帶回實驗室進行物理力學(xué)試驗,并通過分析研究得到里農(nóng)礦段三種主要礦巖物理力學(xué)指標(biāo);最終確定如下研究內(nèi)容,其研究結(jié)果如下:1、采空區(qū)頂板穩(wěn)定性分析計算結(jié)果顯示采空區(qū)頂板的冒落帶加裂隙帶的高度之和為90.32～113.73m;2、采空區(qū)允許極限跨度采用Barton“當(dāng)量尺寸”分析方法的計算結(jié)果來看,當(dāng)采場跨度為21.73m以下時無支護狀態(tài)下是穩(wěn)定的,在21.73m以上時,在無支護情況下頂板是不穩(wěn)定的,極有可能引發(fā)采空區(qū)頂板冒落;采用工程巖體自穩(wěn)能力分析結(jié)果顯示礦體頂板大理巖屬于較堅固～堅固巖體,巖石質(zhì)量等級為中等,等級為Ⅲ級,當(dāng)采場跨度為20m以下時,可穩(wěn)定數(shù)天到一個月;3、雙層礦體隔離層穩(wěn)定性分析中引用了具有邊界約束的三維板狀結(jié)構(gòu)受力圖,借助該板結(jié)構(gòu)的受力來分析隔離層的穩(wěn)定性狀況。分析結(jié)果顯示隔離層頂板保持穩(wěn)定時,其上、下層礦體的礦柱重疊率必須大于65%;4、礦柱穩(wěn)定性分析中采取了面積承載理論和Bieniawski·礦柱強度計算公式,結(jié)果顯示本礦山留設(shè)的礦柱安全系數(shù)F小于其允許值ks=1.5,單純靠留設(shè)的礦柱來支撐采場頂板不可行,應(yīng)及時對暴露的采空區(qū)進行處理;5、數(shù)值模擬分析通過建立8號勘探線剖面兩側(cè)各100m范圍,沿傾向400m范圍的礦山開采簡化模型,并以此模型為基礎(chǔ)模擬了六個步驟的開采分析,得到了模型在不同開挖步驟后的模擬信息及數(shù)據(jù)。通過礦柱穩(wěn)定性分析,下層礦體開采對上層采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性影響分析,礦體開采對覆巖及地表穩(wěn)定性影響分析,得出結(jié)果顯示研究區(qū)礦段在采礦活動過程中,其采空區(qū)存在安全隱患;6、最后在上述分析的基礎(chǔ)上并結(jié)合研究區(qū)礦段現(xiàn)有采空區(qū)現(xiàn)狀,提出了利用膠結(jié)充填的方式對礦山現(xiàn)已暴露的采空區(qū)進行綜合治理,設(shè)計了膠結(jié)充填參數(shù)及配比方案并提出了采空區(qū)治理過程中應(yīng)注意的事項,借助數(shù)值模擬分析技術(shù)對本文提出的膠結(jié)充填方案效果進行了仿真模擬,模擬結(jié)果顯示膠結(jié)充填能夠有效防止采空區(qū)災(zāi)害的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:The Linong section is one of the main mining areas in Yangla Copper Mine. The mining methods adopted include chassis funnel stope filling method, room-pillar method, comprehensive method and near-surface caving method. The main mining methods are chassis funnel stope filling method. At present, the mine has been mining for many years and a large number of goafs have been formed due to the original design of tailings filling goaf. The application of the case failed, and the new filling scheme was not effectively implemented, resulting in a large number of mined-out areas exposed, part of the upper and lower goafs overlap. So far, landslides have occurred in part of the surface of the Linong mining section, part of the goaf roof caving signs, filling roof broken or destroyed, to the mine safety. It is urgent to study and control the stability of the existing goaf in the Linong Mining Section because of the serious influence of the whole production. Through consulting a large number of literature on the classification of the factors affecting the stability of the goaf, three main factors affecting the stability of the goaf are put forward and further subdivided into twelve small ones. The results show that the most important factors affecting the stability of goaf are geological structure, pillar size arrangement, hydrogeological conditions, goaf area, rock quality index, etc. In this paper, the roof of orebody, ore-bearing strata and floor of orebody are selected respectively. Rock mass is taken as the research object and combined with the actual situation in the field, the physical and mechanical tests of density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, cohesion and internal friction angle of three main rock masses are carried out. Finally, the rock mechanics parameters of standard rock samples determined in laboratory are transformed into rock mass mechanics by Hoek-Brown strength criterion. Firstly, the author makes a detailed field investigation of the Linong mining section, including the mining technical conditions such as mine engineering geology, hydrogeology, the distribution of goaf and the deformation and destruction of goaf, etc. The results are as follows: 1. The height of caving zone and fracture zone in goaf roof is 90.32-113.73 m; 2. The limit span of goaf is calculated by Barton's "equivalent size" method. When the stope span is less than 21.73 m, the roof is stable without support. When the stope span is above 21.73 m, the roof is unstable without support, and it is very likely to cause the roof caving in goaf. 3. Three-dimensional plate-like structure with boundary constraint is used to analyze the stability of the isolation layer in the stability analysis of double-layer orebody. The results show that when the roof of the isolation layer is stable, the upper and lower layers of the orebody are stable. The overlap ratio of pillars must be more than 65%. 4. The area bearing theory and Bieniawski pillar strength calculation formula are adopted in the stability analysis of pillars. The results show that the safety factor F of pillars retained in the mine is less than the allowable value ks=1.5. It is not feasible to support the roof of stope by simply retaining pillars, and the exposed goaf should be located in time. 5. By establishing a simplified mining model with 100 meters on both sides of the section of No. 8 exploration line and 400 meters along the inclination, the model is used to simulate the mining analysis of six steps, and the simulation information and data after different excavation steps are obtained. The results show that there are potential safety hazards in the goaf of the study area in the process of mining activities; 6. Finally, on the basis of the above analysis and combined with the present situation of the goaf in the study area, the paper puts forward the method of cemented filling to the mine. The mined-out area which has been exposed in the mountain is treated comprehensively, the cemented filling parameters and proportioning scheme are designed, and the matters needing attention in the process of mined-out area treatment are put forward. The effect of cemented filling scheme proposed in this paper is simulated by means of numerical simulation analysis technology. The simulation results show that cemented filling can effectively prevent the disaster of mined-out area. The occurrence of harm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD862.1

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 賈楠;吳超;羅周全;石東平;謝承煜;;動力擾動下采空區(qū)圍巖非線性響應(yīng)演化特性分析[J];爆破;2016年03期

2 江天生;蔣躍飛;余樂興;;采空區(qū)地壓穩(wěn)定性綜合評價及安全治理研究[J];價值工程;2016年14期

3 陳申方;李占金;任賀旭;孫文誠;;極限跨度法與PLAXIS~(3D)在采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性分析中的應(yīng)用[J];化工礦物與加工;2016年01期

4 楊永杰;邢魯義;張仰強;馬德鵬;;基于蠕變試驗的石膏礦柱長期穩(wěn)定性研究[J];巖石力學(xué)與工程學(xué)報;2015年10期

5 許永山;孫忠文;曲玉峰;高濤;曲軍艦;;基于FLAC~(3D)多礦房同采圍巖的穩(wěn)定性研究[J];現(xiàn)代礦業(yè);2015年09期

6 胡敬強;戴興國;母昌平;杜虎;余業(yè)清;;地震載荷下采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性影響因素分析[J];現(xiàn)代礦業(yè);2015年04期

7 鄧天琳;;工業(yè)廣場采空區(qū)充填治理方法研究[J];同煤科技;2015年01期

8 鄒友峰;柴華彬;;建筑荷載作用下采空區(qū)頂板巖梁穩(wěn)定性分析[J];煤炭學(xué)報;2014年08期

9 王明重;劉澤功;張簫劍;夏騰飛;呂坤坤;;基于AHP和擴展集對理論的采空區(qū)遺煤自燃危險性評價研究[J];中國安全生產(chǎn)科學(xué)技術(shù);2014年08期

10 張撐校;李何林;范慶;;基于GRA-AHP理論的采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性研究[J];現(xiàn)代礦業(yè);2014年07期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前6條

1 文興;非連續(xù)復(fù)雜群采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性分析與治理方案研究[D];中南大學(xué);2012年

2 胡國宏;基于灰色關(guān)聯(lián)層次分析的點柱穩(wěn)定性研究[D];中南大學(xué);2009年

3 王宏巖;遼陽石膏礦礦柱穩(wěn)定性分析[D];遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué);2008年

4 丁德強;礦山地下采空區(qū)膏體充填理論與技術(shù)研究[D];中南大學(xué);2007年

5 張曉峰;石膏礦采空區(qū)處理方法研究[D];武漢理工大學(xué);2007年

6 段瑜;地下采空區(qū)災(zāi)害危險度的模糊綜合評價[D];中南大學(xué);2005年

，

本文編號：2191001