【摘要】：隨著科技、經(jīng)濟的全面發(fā)展,礦產(chǎn)資源在社會中的需求逐漸增大,近幾年的消耗十分迅猛,礦產(chǎn)資源開采條件較好、品位較高的已經(jīng)慢慢枯竭,大多遺留下的都是復雜難采礦體,導致這類礦床的開采份量越來越多。軟破厚大礦體具有礦巖體節(jié)理裂隙極其發(fā)育、礦巖破碎不穩(wěn)固、巷道掘支難度大、支護成本高、中深孔成孔難、爆破落礦效果差、生產(chǎn)效率低以及貧化損失率大等諸多生產(chǎn)及技術(shù)難點,是采礦界的一大難題。本文以四川會理鉛鋅礦軟破厚大礦體開采為研究對象,在進行開采技術(shù)條件及室內(nèi)巖石力學試驗研究的基礎(chǔ)上,在巖體質(zhì)量分類評價、巖體支護以及爆破參數(shù)優(yōu)化等方面進行了深入研究。主要研究工作如下:(1)調(diào)查研究了礦體開采技術(shù)條件,結(jié)合礦山生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀分析總結(jié)出了礦山目前所面臨的技術(shù)問題。(2)進行了室內(nèi)巖石力學試驗和工程地質(zhì)調(diào)查,分別采用RQD值、Q值、CSIR和GSI等方法對巖體的質(zhì)量進行了分類評價,為后續(xù)研究提供了可靠的依據(jù)。(3)針對電耙道、鑿巖巷道開展了多次爆破及放礦動載荷作用下的支護技術(shù)研究工作。運用數(shù)值模擬軟件進行計算并詳細的分析比較,提出了一套具有針對性的復合支護方案,并進行了現(xiàn)場應用試驗。(4)研究確定了合理的炸藥單耗,研究優(yōu)化了中深孔爆破參數(shù)和擴漏拉底工程布置,有效地解決了現(xiàn)場爆破時所面臨的大塊產(chǎn)出率高、懸頂、擴漏拉底質(zhì)量不高、拒爆以及中深孔質(zhì)量差等系列問題。(5)進行了軟破厚大礦體現(xiàn)場工業(yè)試驗,取得了良好的技術(shù)經(jīng)濟指標,試驗采場礦石損失率11.55%,貧化率18.4%,很好地實現(xiàn)了礦山安全、高效的開懫目標。
[Abstract]:With the overall development of science and technology and economy, the demand for mineral resources in the society has gradually increased. In recent years, the consumption of mineral resources has been very rapid, the mining conditions of mineral resources are better, and the higher grade has gradually dried up. Most of these deposits are complicated and difficult to be mined, resulting in more and more mining. The soft broken thick large ore body has the following characteristics: the rock mass joint and fissure is extremely developed, the ore rock is broken and unstable, the roadway is difficult to excavate, the support cost is high, the medium and deep hole is difficult to be formed, and the blasting effect is poor. Low production efficiency and large rate of dilution and loss are difficult problems in mining industry. In this paper, based on the research of mining soft broken thick ore bodies in Huili lead and zinc mine in Sichuan province, the classification and evaluation of rock mass quality are carried out on the basis of mining technical conditions and laboratory rock mechanics tests. The rock support and blasting parameters optimization are studied in depth. The main research work is as follows: (1) the technical conditions of ore body mining are investigated and studied, and the technical problems facing the mine are summarized according to the present situation of mine production. (2) the laboratory rock mechanics test and engineering geological investigation are carried out. The classification and evaluation of rock mass quality are carried out by using the methods of RQD Q value and GSI, respectively, which provide a reliable basis for further study. (3) aiming at the electric rake track, The supporting technology of rock drilling roadway under the action of multiple blasting and mining dynamic load has been studied. The numerical simulation software is used to calculate and analyze and compare in detail, a set of targeted composite support scheme is put forward, and the field application test is carried out. (4) the reasonable explosive unit consumption is determined. The parameters of medium and long hole blasting and the layout of the expanding and pulling bottom are studied and optimized, which effectively solves the problems of high yield of large blocks, suspended roof and low quality of the bottom of the expansion and drawing, which are faced with in the field blasting. A series of problems such as flameproof and poor quality of medium and deep holes have been carried out. (5) the field industrial test of soft broken thick ore body has obtained good technical and economic indexes, the ore loss rate of the test stope is 11.55 and the dilution rate is 18.4. The safety of the mine is well realized. Efficient opening of goals.
【學位授予單位】：長沙礦山研究院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD862

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