【摘要】：煤炭在我國能源中所占主體地位在今后較長時期不會改變,發(fā)展煤炭洗選加工有利于煤炭的高效利用和保護(hù)環(huán)境。煤泥水的濃縮沉降在選煤工藝中占有極其重要的地位,關(guān)系到選煤廠是否能穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行并提供合格產(chǎn)品。高泥化煤泥水沉降澄清困難是選煤廠普遍存在的技術(shù)難題,開展電場輔助煤泥水沉降研究可以為煤泥水處理新技術(shù)開發(fā)提供依據(jù),具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 在對淮南礦區(qū)某選煤廠煤泥水性質(zhì)分析測試的基礎(chǔ)上,開展了非接觸式外加電場及接觸式外加電場對煤泥水沉降特性的影響規(guī)律研究,考察了電場操作條件、藥劑等因素對煤泥水沉降特性的影響,初步分析了外加接觸式電場輔助煤泥水沉降機(jī)理。結(jié)果表明：煤泥水中-0.045mm粒級煤泥主要為具有較強(qiáng)親水性的高齡石和石英等粘土礦物,難以沉降；因?yàn)榉墙佑|式外加電場的電壓大小不足以對煤泥水產(chǎn)生較明顯的影響,電壓大小、加電時間均對煤泥水沉降效果影響不大；外加接觸式電場輔助煤泥水沉降時,煤泥水的pH值隨電壓大小、加電時間的增加而增大；由于外加接觸式電場時電泳作用和電絮凝作用的共同作用,煤泥水沉降效果有所改善,電壓大小為3.2kV,加電時間為30min時煤泥水獲得最佳沉降效果；煤泥水中固體顆粒、各離子及水分子在電場作用下會發(fā)生極化,宏觀表現(xiàn)為固化效應(yīng)和電粘效應(yīng),會對煤泥水結(jié)構(gòu)及沉降特性產(chǎn)生影響。開展了電絮凝法預(yù)處理對煤泥水及粘土礦物性質(zhì)的影響及電絮凝法預(yù)處理與凝聚劑配合對煤泥水沉降特性的影響研究。結(jié)果表明：高嶺石和石英懸浮液的Zeta電位絕對值隨著pH值升高而升高；電絮凝法預(yù)處理后的煤泥水、高嶺石和石英懸浮液pH值隨電壓大小和加電時間的增加而增大,Zeta電位絕對值由于pH值變化與陽極腐蝕所產(chǎn)生陽離子的共同作用而先減小到一定值然后在該值附近波動；電絮凝法與凝聚劑配合可停用聚丙烯酰胺系絮凝劑,降低凝聚劑用量。基于研究結(jié)論研發(fā)出的混凝劑發(fā)生裝置,可利用選煤廠經(jīng)過簡單表面處理的廢舊鐵質(zhì)部件經(jīng)電腐蝕作用后產(chǎn)生的鐵系混凝劑,廢物利用,降低選煤廠生產(chǎn)成本。
[Abstract]:The dominant position of coal in China's energy resources will not change for a long time in the future. The development of coal washing and processing is beneficial to the efficient utilization of coal and the protection of the environment. The concentration and settlement of slime water plays an extremely important role in the coal preparation process, which is related to whether the coal preparation plant can run stably and provide qualified products. It is a common technical problem for coal preparation plant to clarify the settlement of high muddy coal slurry. The research of electric field assisted coal slurry settlement can provide the basis for the development of new technology for coal slurry treatment, which is of practical significance. Based on the analysis and test of slurry properties of a coal preparation plant in Huainan mining area, the influence of non-contact applied electric field and contact applied electric field on the settling characteristics of coal slurry was studied, and the operating conditions of electric field were investigated. Based on the influence of medicament and other factors on the settling characteristics of coal slurry, the mechanism of coal slurry subsidence assisted by external contact electric field is analyzed preliminarily. The results show that -0.045mm grain-grade slime is mainly clay minerals with strong hydrophilicity, such as aged stone and quartz, which is difficult to settle, because the voltage of non-contact applied electric field is not enough to have a more obvious effect on the slurry water. The value of pH increases with the increase of the voltage and the time of adding electricity when the electric field is applied to assist the settling of the coal slurry, and the voltage and the time of adding electricity increase with the increase of the voltage and the time of adding electricity to the coal slurry, and the pH value of the slurry increases with the increase of the voltage and the time of charging. Because of the interaction of electrophoretic and electric flocculation, the sedimentation effect of coal slime is improved, the voltage is 3.2kV, the charging time is 30min, and the settling effect of coal slime is obtained when the voltage is 3.2kV, and the solid particles in the slime water are obtained by the interaction of electrophoretic and electroflocculation. The ions and water molecules will be polarized under the action of electric field, and the macroscopical effect is the solidification effect and the electric viscosity effect, which will affect the structure and settling characteristics of the coal slime water. The effects of electroflocculation pretreatment on the properties of coal slime water and clay minerals and the effects of electroflocculation pretreatment and coagulant combination on the settling characteristics of coal slime water were studied. The results show that the absolute value of Zeta potential of kaolinite and quartz suspensions increases with the increase of pH. The absolute value of Zeta potential of kaolinite and quartz suspensions increases with the increase of voltage and charging time. The absolute value of Zeta potential decreases to a certain value first and then fluctuates around this value because of the interaction between pH value and cation produced by anodic corrosion. The flocculant of polyacrylamide system can be stopped by electroflocculation and coagulant, and the dosage of coagulant can be reduced. The coagulant generating device developed based on the research conclusion can use the ferric coagulant produced by the simple surface treatment of waste iron parts in the coal preparation plant, and the waste can be used to reduce the production cost of the coal preparation plant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD94

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