發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-09 12:26

【摘要】：高磷鮞狀赤鐵礦是我國主要的復(fù)雜難選鐵礦石之一,礦石儲(chǔ)量較大,占鐵礦資源儲(chǔ)量的11%左右。我國現(xiàn)已探明的高磷鮞狀赤鐵礦石儲(chǔ)量約37.2億噸,可勘探新資源量預(yù)計(jì)達(dá)上百億噸。高磷鮞狀赤鐵礦具有復(fù)雜的化學(xué)成分以及獨(dú)特的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)造,富集難度極大,其選別是選礦界公認(rèn)的難題。本論文首先通過XRF、XRD、物相分析、巖礦鑒定等手段對(duì)原礦進(jìn)行工藝礦物學(xué)研究,得知該礦石中鐵品位為43.13%,有害元素磷的含量高達(dá)0.86%,主要脈石礦物Si O2含量為17.20%。該礦石是典型的高磷鮞狀赤鐵礦,本試驗(yàn)針對(duì)該礦石嵌布關(guān)系復(fù)雜、嵌布粒度極細(xì)且有害雜質(zhì)磷含量高等特征,圍繞“提鐵降磷”,進(jìn)行了工藝流程探索性試驗(yàn)研究。首先采用高梯度磁選處理原礦。在粗磨條件下,采用一粗一精一掃高梯度磁選流程進(jìn)行選別,確定最佳磨礦細(xì)度為-0.074mm含量占65%,最佳磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度為粗選0.8T、精選0.5T、掃選0.9T。粗磨選別后,將中礦(精選尾礦和掃選精礦)再磨后進(jìn)行一粗一精磁選,確定最佳再磨細(xì)度為-0.074mm含量占90%,最佳磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度為粗選0.8T、精選0.4T。進(jìn)行高梯度磁選閉路試驗(yàn),將中礦再磨精選尾礦返回再磨球磨機(jī),獲得磁選精礦鐵品位為53.06%,相對(duì)于原礦提高9.94個(gè)百分點(diǎn),回收率為78.53%,磁選尾礦產(chǎn)率為36.18%、鐵品位為25.59%�？梢姼咛荻却胚x精礦指標(biāo)較好,且拋尾能力較強(qiáng)。以磁選精礦為處理對(duì)象,采用反浮選進(jìn)行提鐵降雜。試驗(yàn)研究表明,磁選精礦細(xì)磨—直接反浮選效果不好,引入脫泥流程后反浮選效果明顯增強(qiáng)。確定最佳磨礦細(xì)度為-0.038mm含量占95%,選擇性絮凝脫泥最佳條件為分散劑用量12kg/t、礦漿p H值11、苛性淀粉用量0.3kg/t,反浮粗選最佳條件為礦漿p H值11、苛性淀粉用量1.0kg/t、氯化鈣用量0.12kg/t、捕收劑PL用量0.8kg/t、浮選時(shí)間4min。通過細(xì)磨—選擇性絮凝脫泥—陰離子反浮選閉路試驗(yàn),反浮選采用一粗二精一掃流程,中礦合并返回粗選,獲得反浮選精礦鐵品位為56.75%,相對(duì)于磁選精礦提高了3.63個(gè)百分點(diǎn),整體回收率為72.26%,取得了良好的提鐵降雜效果。以反浮選精礦為處理對(duì)象的酸浸脫磷試驗(yàn)表明,最佳條件為硫酸用量100kg/t、保鐵劑LX用量2kg/t、反應(yīng)時(shí)間2h、浸出濃度40%、攪拌速度200r/min。通過酸浸試驗(yàn),浸出精礦磷含量降至0.10%,同時(shí)鐵品位為59.12%、整體回收率為69.32%,可見保鐵降磷效果較好。對(duì)各階段試驗(yàn)的最佳工藝流程及條件進(jìn)行組合,采用高梯度磁選—選擇性絮凝脫泥—陰離子反浮選—酸浸聯(lián)合工藝流程處理原礦,獲得最終精礦鐵品位為59.20%,相對(duì)原礦提高16.07個(gè)百分點(diǎn),鐵回收率為69.96%,磷含量降至0.10%,脫磷率為94.07%,取得了良好的提鐵降磷效果,該聯(lián)合工藝流程為該類礦石的選別利用提供了一定的借鑒意義。Zeta電位研究分析表明,石英被Ca2+活化后,與捕收劑PL發(fā)生化學(xué)吸附,導(dǎo)致礦物表明疏水性被上浮;表面吸附試驗(yàn)表明,Ca2+活化后,當(dāng)p H達(dá)到11時(shí)石英表面捕收劑吸附量最大。
[Abstract]:High phosphorus oolitic hematite is one of the main complex refractory iron ores in China. The ore reserves are larger and account for about 11% of the reserves of iron ore. The reserves of high phosphorus oolitic hematite are about 37.2 million tons, and the amount of new exploration resources is estimated to be up to 100 million tons. High phosphorus oolitic hematite has complex chemical composition and unique structure. Structure is very difficult to enrich, and its selection is a difficult problem in mineral processing industry. In this paper, the process mineralogy of raw ore was studied by means of XRF, XRD, phase analysis and rock mineral identification. It was found that the iron grade of the ore is 43.13%, the phosphorus content of the harmful elements is as high as 0.86%, and the Si O2 content of the main gangue mineral is 17.20%. the typical high Phosphorus oolitic hematite, in this experiment, is characterized by complex arrangement of the ore, very fine granularity and high phosphorus content and high content of harmful impurities. The experimental study on the process flow is carried out around "iron lifting and reducing phosphorus". First, high gradient magnetic separation is used to deal with the raw ore. Under coarse grinding conditions, a coarse and one precision sweep high gradient magnetic separation process is used. No, it is determined that the best grinding fineness is -0.074mm content 65%, the best magnetic field strength is coarse selection 0.8T, the selection of 0.5T and the selection of 0.9T. coarse grinding, then the medium ore (selected tailings and scavenging concentrates) is regrinded for a coarse and one fine magnetic separation, and the optimum re grinding fineness is -0.074mm content, the optimum magnetic field strength is coarse 0.8T, and the selected 0.4T. is carried out high ladder. The secondary ore regrinding tailings are returned to the regrinding ball mill by the closed circuit magnetic separation test. The iron grade of the magnetic concentrate is 53.06%. Compared with the original ore, the recovery rate is 9.94 percentage points, the recovery rate is 78.53%, the magnetic separation tail mineral rate is 36.18%, the iron grade is 25.59%. and the high gradient magnetic separation concentrate is better, and the finishing capacity is stronger. The magnetic concentrate is treated as the treatment. The experimental study shows that the effect of fine grinding direct reverse flotation of magnetic separation concentrate is not good, and the effect of reverse flotation is obviously enhanced after the introduction of degash process. The optimum grinding fineness is -0.038mm 95%, the optimum condition for selective flocculation and degash is 12kg/t, P H value of pulp and 0. of caustic starch. 3kg/t, the optimum conditions for the reverse flotation are p H value 11, the dosage of caustic starch 1.0kg/t, the dosage of calcium chloride 0.12kg/t, the PL amount 0.8kg/t of the collector, the flotation time 4min. through the fine grinding selective flocculation deliming and anionic reverse flotation closed circuit test, the reverse flotation uses a coarse two fine sweep process, the middling mine is merged back to coarse selection, and the reverse flotation concentrate iron is obtained. The grade is 56.75%, which is 3.63 percentage points higher than the magnetic concentrate, and the overall recovery rate is 72.26%. The effect of iron reduction is good. The acid leaching dephosphorization test of the reverse flotation concentrate shows that the optimum condition is 100kg/t, 2kg/t, 2h, 40% and 200r/min.. In the acid leaching test, the phosphorus content of the leaching concentrate is reduced to 0.10%, the iron grade is 59.12% and the overall recovery rate is 69.32%. It can be seen that the effect of iron and phosphorus reduction is better. The optimum process and conditions of the experiment are combined, and the high gradient magnetic separation selective flocculation desliming, the reverse flotation and acid leaching process is used to treat the raw ore. The iron grade of final concentrate is 59.20%, 16.07 percentage points higher than that of raw ore, 69.96% of iron recovery, 0.10% of phosphorus and 94.07% for dephosphorization. The effect of iron and phosphorus reduction is obtained. The combined process provides a certain reference for the selection of the ore by the.Zeta potential study and analysis shows that the quartz is live by Ca2+. After chemical adsorption, the chemical adsorption of the collector PL leads to the flotation of the hydrophobicity, and the surface adsorption test shows that when the Ca2+ is activated, the adsorption capacity of the quartz collector is the largest when the P H reaches 11.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD951

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本文編號(hào)：2174069