【摘要】：黃金為不可再生資源,隨著金礦的不斷開采,其資源儲(chǔ)量逐年減少。同時(shí),在實(shí)際金礦開采及分選過(guò)程中,礦山企業(yè)排放了大量高價(jià)值黃金尾礦并且該部分尾礦沒(méi)有得到有效的處理利用,造成資源浪費(fèi)。我國(guó)秦嶺地區(qū)金礦主要為微細(xì)粒浸染含金硫化礦,尾礦中金損失嚴(yán)重;主要原因是尾礦中的金以微細(xì)粒包裹的形態(tài)存在;同時(shí)硫化礦的氧化進(jìn)一步加大了分選的難度。實(shí)現(xiàn)該類尾礦中金的有效回收,對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)資源合理利用具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文以河南嵩縣某含金黃鐵礦浮選尾礦為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)其進(jìn)行了粒度分析、化學(xué)元素分析、化學(xué)物相分析以及礦物組成分析;根據(jù)礦石性質(zhì)并結(jié)合現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)研究基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行了浮選試驗(yàn),確定了磨礦細(xì)度、浮選時(shí)間及浮選濃度,進(jìn)而研究了藥劑制度及浮選工藝流程;最后進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化浮選試驗(yàn)研究,通過(guò)新型捕收劑BK301和旋流靜態(tài)微泡浮選柱提高了浮選回收率,實(shí)現(xiàn)了資源二次利用的目的。根據(jù)礦石工藝礦物學(xué)分析結(jié)果,采用實(shí)驗(yàn)室浮選機(jī)對(duì)實(shí)際礦物進(jìn)行了浮選試驗(yàn)研究;通過(guò)試驗(yàn)探索,最終確定“一粗二精二掃”的工藝流程,其中單因素尋優(yōu)確定了浮選細(xì)度為-0.045mm占90%、浮選礦漿濃度為30%、浮選時(shí)間為5min;粗選藥劑制度為Na2CO3 200 g/t、水玻璃80 g/t、草酸600 g/t、硫酸銅20 g/t、異戊黃藥75 g/t、丁銨黑藥15 g/t、2#油15 g/t;精選藥劑制度為:一段水玻璃用量20 g/t、異戊黃藥20 g/t、丁銨黑藥15 g/t;二段水玻璃用量20 g/t;掃選藥劑制度為:一段異戊黃藥20 g/t、丁銨黑藥10 g/t;二段異戊黃藥20 g/t、丁銨黑藥10 g/t。在“一粗二精二掃”閉路條件下,最終獲得了精礦品位8.68 g/t,回收率67.44%的浮選指標(biāo)。通過(guò)新型捕收劑BK301以及旋流靜態(tài)微泡浮選柱完成了一次粗選試驗(yàn)研究,獲得粗精礦品位為1.72 g/t,回收率76.53%。為進(jìn)一步提高浮選指標(biāo),進(jìn)行了“浮選機(jī)二段精選+浮選柱一段粗選一段掃選”浮選優(yōu)化開路試驗(yàn),取得了最終精礦的品位為9.45 g/t,回收率為51.01%的浮選指標(biāo),同比浮選機(jī)“一粗二精二掃”流程,精礦品位提高0.50 g/t左右,回收率提高4%左右。試驗(yàn)為該地區(qū)含金黃鐵礦尾礦中金的二次回收提供了研究依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Gold is a non-renewable resource. With the exploitation of gold ore, its reserves decrease year by year. At the same time, in the actual gold mining and separation process, the mining enterprises discharge a large number of high-value gold tailings and this part of the tailings have not been effectively treated and utilized, resulting in a waste of resources. Gold deposits in Qinling area of China are mainly fine-grained gold-bearing sulphide ores, and the loss of gold in tailings is serious, the main reason is that the gold in tailings exists in the form of fine particles, and the oxidation of sulphide ores further increases the difficulty of separation. It is of practical significance to realize the effective recovery of gold from this kind of tailings. In this paper, the flotation tailings of a gold-bearing pyrite in Songxian County, Henan Province are studied. The particle size analysis, chemical element analysis, chemical phase analysis and mineral composition analysis are carried out. According to the properties of ore and the basis of field experiment, the flotation test was carried out, the grinding fineness, flotation time and flotation concentration were determined, and then the reagent system and flotation process were studied. The recovery rate of flotation was improved by new collector BK301 and cyclone static microbubble flotation column, and the purpose of secondary utilization of resources was realized. According to the results of ore process mineralogy analysis, the flotation experiments of real minerals were carried out by using a laboratory flotation machine, and the technological process of "one coarse, two fine and two sweep" was finally determined by means of test and exploration. Single factor optimization determined that the fineness of flotation was -0.045 mm accounting for 90%, the concentration of flotation pulp was 30 and the flotation time was 5 mins; the roughing reagent system was Na2CO3 200g / t, sodium silicate 80 g / t, oxalic acid 600g / t, copper sulfate 20 g / t, isopentyl xanthate 75% g / t, ammonium butylammonium 15 g / t oil The dosage of sodium silicate 20 g / t, isoamyl xanthate 20 g / t, ammonium butyrate 15 g / t; second stage sodium 20 g / t; scavenging pharmaceutical system 20 g / t, ammonium butyrate 10 g / t; isoamyl xanthate 20 g / t, ammonium butyrate 10 g / t; second stage isopentyl xanthate 20 g / t, ammonium butyrate 10 g / t. Under the closed circuit condition of "one coarse, two fine and two sweep", the flotation index with concentrate grade of 8.68 g / t and recovery of 67.44% was obtained. By using a new collector BK301 and a hydrocyclone static microbubble flotation column, a rough concentrate grade of 1.72 g / t and a recovery of 76.53% were obtained. In order to further improve the flotation index, the flotation optimization open circuit test of "flotation column one stage coarse cleaning and one stage cleaning" was carried out. The final concentrate grade was 9.45 g / t and the recovery rate was 51.01%. Compared with the flotation machine, the concentrate grade is increased by 0.50 g / t and the recovery rate is increased by about 4%. The experiment provides the basis for the secondary recovery of gold from the gold bearing pyrite tailings in this area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD926.4

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本文編號(hào)：2171142