【摘要】：采動(dòng)應(yīng)力變化直接影響著煤巖裂隙發(fā)育程度,研究煤巖裂隙演化規(guī)律具有十分重要的意義。為了提高礦井的安全高效開(kāi)采,本文基于損傷力學(xué)理論,運(yùn)用實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合的方法,對(duì)受載條件下的煤巖體裂隙損傷與發(fā)育演化規(guī)律開(kāi)展了研究。首先建立了損傷力學(xué)模型,然后在單軸壓縮條件下完成了CT掃描實(shí)驗(yàn),在此基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用MATLAB軟件提取圖像信息,對(duì)裂隙的發(fā)育演化規(guī)律進(jìn)行了研究。主要取得可以下研究成果:首先研究損傷力學(xué)理論,通過(guò)后續(xù)的試驗(yàn)與數(shù)據(jù)處理,擬合損傷理論模型。結(jié)果表明該模型能夠較好的與實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)定曲線吻合,證明了模型的可行性和合理性。其次通過(guò)煤樣的抗壓實(shí)驗(yàn),研究單軸壓縮的各個(gè)過(guò)程,結(jié)合CT掃描圖像,提取單軸壓縮過(guò)程中四個(gè)階段對(duì)應(yīng)的CT圖像。研究結(jié)果表明:裂隙的發(fā)育的原因主要是尖端附近的應(yīng)力集中;在抗壓試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中,煤巖體裂隙發(fā)育的方向主要是沿著軸向應(yīng)力的方向劈裂;裂隙的發(fā)育主要是微裂隙的首先破壞,微裂隙的應(yīng)力集中促進(jìn)大裂隙的發(fā)育。最后運(yùn)用MATLAB軟件進(jìn)行圖像處理,研究煤巖體裂隙的發(fā)育演化規(guī)律。利用軟件中的程序,完成CT圖像的分析。通過(guò)圖像灰度化處理和直方圖的變換,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)煤巖變形破壞是一個(gè)由變形、損傷的發(fā)生和演化,細(xì)觀裂紋的出現(xiàn),宏觀裂隙的產(chǎn)生,再通過(guò)裂隙擴(kuò)展到貫通性破壞的全過(guò)程。裂隙的產(chǎn)生是次生裂隙到宏觀裂隙的發(fā)育。貫通性裂隙的形成,煤樣累積損傷量達(dá)到彈性屈服極限時(shí),次生裂隙得以貫通,形成了較大的裂隙。
[Abstract]:The variation of mining stress has a direct influence on the development of coal and rock fissures, so it is of great significance to study the evolution law of coal and rock fissures. In order to improve the safety and efficiency of mine mining, based on the theory of damage mechanics and the method of combining experiment and numerical simulation, the law of damage and development of fracture in coal and rock mass under loading condition is studied in this paper. Firstly, the damage mechanics model was established, and then the CT scanning experiment was completed under uniaxial compression. On this basis, the rule of fracture development and evolution was studied by using MATLAB software to extract image information. The main research results are as follows: firstly, the damage mechanics theory is studied, and the damage theory model is fitted by subsequent experiments and data processing. The results show that the model is in good agreement with the experimental curve and proves the feasibility and rationality of the model. Secondly, each process of uniaxial compression is studied through the compression experiment of coal sample. Combined with CT scanning image, the corresponding CT images in four stages of uniaxial compression are extracted. The results show that the stress concentration near the tip is the main cause of fracture development, and the fracture direction of coal and rock mass is split along the direction of axial stress during compressive test. The development of fractures is mainly caused by the first failure of microcracks, and the stress concentration of microfractures promotes the development of large fissures. Finally, the development and evolution of coal and rock mass fissures are studied by using MATLAB software for image processing. Using the program in the software, the analysis of CT images is completed. Through image grayscale processing and histogram transformation, it is found that the deformation and failure of coal and rock is a whole process of deformation, damage occurrence and evolution, the appearance of mesoscopic cracks, the emergence of macroscopic cracks, and then extends through the cracks to the whole process of transfixibility failure. The formation of cracks is the development of secondary fissures to macroscopic fissures. When the cumulative damage of coal samples reaches the elastic yield limit, the secondary fractures can be broken through and a large crack is formed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD315

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