【摘要】：含釩石煤是我國(guó)特有的一種優(yōu)勢(shì)含釩資源,分布廣泛且蘊(yùn)藏量極其豐富,從含釩石煤中提取V2O5已經(jīng)成為我國(guó)獲得釩資源的一種重要途徑,具有十分重要的研究意義。早在20世紀(jì)60年代,已有研究者對(duì)石煤提釩進(jìn)行了相關(guān)研究,但由于我國(guó)含釩石煤的礦石性質(zhì)復(fù)雜、釩品位低、釩賦存狀態(tài)多樣,現(xiàn)有提釩工藝普遍存在著礦石處理量大,釩浸出率低,酸堿等輔助原料消耗大,環(huán)境污染嚴(yán)重,生產(chǎn)成本高等問(wèn)題,制約了石煤提釩行業(yè)的發(fā)展。針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題,本文擬對(duì)湖北某地高鈣云母型含釩石煤進(jìn)行浮選預(yù)富集釩的試驗(yàn)研究,使含釩礦物得以富集,降低酸耗物的含量,從而提高濕法提釩原料的釩品位,節(jié)約酸耗,降低提釩生產(chǎn)成本。本研究首先對(duì)含釩石煤原礦及其焙燒脫碳樣進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的工藝礦物學(xué)研究,并在此工藝礦物學(xué)研究的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了浮選原則流程,然后通過(guò)系統(tǒng)的條件試驗(yàn)確定了浮選預(yù)富集釩的工藝流程及其最佳參數(shù)。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容及結(jié)果如下:(1)湖北某地含釩石煤屬于炭質(zhì)和鈣含量較高的低品級(jí)云母型含釩石煤,其V2O5品位為0.71%,CaO的含量為6.26%,碳含量為13.44%,釩主要以V(Ⅲ)和V(Ⅳ)的類質(zhì)同象取代形式存在于白云母的晶格中。主要礦物為石英、白云母、方解石和黃鐵礦,其次為長(zhǎng)石和高嶺石。其中,石英主要為細(xì)粒的集合體,呈透鏡狀、細(xì)脈狀分布;方解石和黃鐵礦呈粒狀分布,與石英、白云母共生;白云母則為片狀或條狀,與其他礦物交互共生。石煤原礦經(jīng)焙燒脫碳后,V2O5的品位由0.71%上升至0.83%,黃鐵礦氧化成赤鐵礦,含量為11%,方解石部分分解,含量由11%降至9%,同時(shí)黃鐵礦與方解石在高溫下生成少量硬石膏,高嶺石轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槠邘X石。(2)湖北某地含釩石煤,含釩礦物主要為白云母,脈石礦物為石英、方解石和長(zhǎng)石等,采用QEMSCAN礦物定量圖像分析儀對(duì)石煤焙燒脫碳樣進(jìn)行了顆粒平均粒徑統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,其中白云母的平均粒徑為5.41μm,石英、方解石和長(zhǎng)石的平均粒徑分別為25.55μm、34.94μm和10.25μm,由統(tǒng)計(jì)分析結(jié)果可知,該含釩石煤中,含釩礦物白云母和脈石礦物的平均粒徑差異較大,屬不等粒嵌布礦石,宜選用棒磨機(jī)進(jìn)行選擇性磨礦。又由含釩云母單體解離度分析結(jié)果可知,適宜該含釩石煤的最佳磨礦細(xì)度為-0.074mm 70~80%。(3)浮選預(yù)富集工藝確定了反浮選去除酸耗礦物,正浮選含釩云母的聯(lián)合工藝流程。反浮選時(shí),采用了“分散脫泥—反浮選方解石”的分選工藝流程,通過(guò)一段浮選可以達(dá)到較好的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果;正浮選時(shí),由于反浮選去除酸耗礦物時(shí)殘留藥劑的不利影響,確定了“擦洗脫藥—正浮選含釩云母”的分選工藝流程,擦洗脫藥中的伴生礦泥作為釩精礦產(chǎn)品,通過(guò)“一粗一掃”的階段流程浮選含釩云母,從而得到了礦泥、鈣精礦、釩精礦和尾礦產(chǎn)品,其中鈣精礦和尾礦合并作為最終尾礦,礦泥和釩精礦合并作為最終精礦。最終可以獲得產(chǎn)率為53.82%,V2O5品位為1.14%,回收率為73.66%的釩精礦。
[Abstract]:Vanadium bearing stone coal is one of the dominant vanadium bearing resources in China, which has extensive distribution and abundant reserves. Extracting V2O5 from vanadium bearing stone coal has become an important way to obtain vanadium resources in China. It has been of great significance in the study of vanadium in China. As early as 1960s, researchers have studied the vanadium extraction of stone coal, but because of our country The properties of vanadium bearing stone are complex, the grade of vanadium is low and the occurrence state of vanadium is varied. The existing vanadium extraction processes are generally characterized by large amount of ore treatment, low vanadium leaching rate, high consumption of acid and alkali and other auxiliary raw materials, serious environmental pollution and high production cost, which restricts the development of the industry of vanadium extraction in stone coal. In this paper, high calcium in Hubei is proposed in this paper. The experimental study on the flotation pre concentration of vanadium containing vanadium bearing stone coal for mica type has made the vanadium containing minerals enriched and reduced the content of acid consumption, thus improving the vanadium grade of the vanadium extraction materials, saving the acid consumption and reducing the production cost of vanadium extraction. The flotation principle flow is designed on the basis of the mineralogical study, and the process flow and the optimum parameters of the flotation preconcentration of vanadium are determined through the system condition test. The main contents and results are as follows: (1) the vanadium bearing stone coal in Hubei is a low grade mica type vanadium bearing stone coal with high carbon and calcium content, and its V2O5 grade is 0.71%, the content of CaO is 6.26% and the content of carbon is 13.44%. Vanadium mainly exists in the lattice of Muscovite in the form of V (III) and V (IV). The main minerals are quartz, muscovite, calcite and pyrite, followed by feldspar and kaolinite. The quartz is mainly fine aggregate, lensite and fine pulse distribution; calcite and yellow The iron ore is granular distribution, symbiotic with quartz and muscovite; Muscovite is flaky or striped and symbiotic with other minerals. After calcination and decarbonization, the grade of V2O5 is increased from 0.71% to 0.83%, pyrite is oxidized to hematite, the content is 11%, the calcite is partially decomposed to 9%, and the pyrite and calcite at high temperature A small amount of anhydrite is generated and kaolinite is transformed into a metakaolinite. (2) the vanadium bearing stone coal in a certain place in Hubei is mainly dolomite, the gangue minerals are quartz, calcite and feldspar, and the average particle size of the calcination and decarburization sample of the stone coal is statistically analyzed by the QEMSCAN mineral quantitative image analyzer. The average particle size of the Muscovite is 5.41 mu. The average particle sizes of M, quartz, calcite and feldspar are 25.55 mu m, 34.94 m and 10.25 mu m respectively. From the statistical analysis, the average particle size of vanadium bearing mineral muscovite and gangue minerals is different, which belongs to unequal particle embedded ore. It is known that the optimum grinding fineness of the vanadium bearing stone coal is -0.074mm 70~80%. (3) flotation preconcentration process, which determines the combined process of removing acid consumption minerals by reverse flotation and flotation of vanadium containing mica. When reverse flotation, the separation process of "dispersed deliming and reverse flotation calcite" is adopted, and a better flotation can be achieved. The result of the test: in the process of positive flotation, the separation process of "scrubbing and removing the vanadium containing mica" was determined because of the adverse effect of reverse flotation to remove acid consumption minerals, and the associated ore mud was scrubbed as vanadium concentrate, and the vanadium containing mica was floated through the process of "one rough sweep", and the mineral mud and calcium were obtained. The concentrate, vanadium concentrate and tailings are combined with calcium concentrate and tailings as the final tailings, and the mineral mud and vanadium concentrate are combined as the final concentrate. The final yield is 53.82%, the grade of V2O5 is 1.14%, and the recovery rate of vanadium concentrate is 73.66%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD923

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本文編號(hào)：2159209