【摘要】：上行開(kāi)采過(guò)程中,若下部煤層采用柱式開(kāi)采,則在采動(dòng)壓力的影響下,可能造成層間巖體及下部煤層采空區(qū)遺留煤柱的失穩(wěn),進(jìn)而引起上覆巖層的垮落破壞和長(zhǎng)壁工作面底板巖層的失穩(wěn),威脅上部煤層采煤工作面的安全生產(chǎn)。因此,開(kāi)展柱采區(qū)域上方煤層上行開(kāi)采可行性的研究非常必要。論文以百子煤礦為研究對(duì)象,綜合運(yùn)用理論分析、物理模擬和數(shù)值模擬的方法,對(duì)柱式開(kāi)采的8號(hào)煤層上部5號(hào)煤層上行長(zhǎng)壁開(kāi)采的可行性進(jìn)行了研究。理論分析將采動(dòng)壓力作為分析上行開(kāi)采可行性的關(guān)鍵參數(shù),給出了采動(dòng)壓力的預(yù)計(jì)公式,得出8號(hào)煤層與5號(hào)煤層之間最小厚度20m層間巖體的最大破壞深度為3.2m,層間巖體抗拉強(qiáng)度和抗剪強(qiáng)度穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)分別為5.9和4.1,并基于有效面積理論得出下伏8號(hào)煤層所留煤柱穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)為2.2,表明層間巖體與8號(hào)煤層所留煤柱保持穩(wěn)定。物理模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)研究表明,8號(hào)煤層柱式開(kāi)采過(guò)程中承受的最大支承壓力為2.965Mpa;5號(hào)煤層長(zhǎng)壁推進(jìn)過(guò)程中,老頂初次來(lái)壓步距在58m左右,周期來(lái)壓平均步距16.7m,來(lái)壓過(guò)程中的采動(dòng)壓力僅影響層間巖體的一定深度,層間巖體保持穩(wěn)定;5號(hào)煤層采空區(qū)域下方底板巖層中形成明顯的減壓區(qū)域,且頂板來(lái)壓時(shí)僅在切眼處保護(hù)煤柱與煤壁前方煤體下方的傳感器上出現(xiàn)應(yīng)力集中現(xiàn)象,但監(jiān)測(cè)到的煤柱支承壓力值均小于4MPa,遠(yuǎn)低于8號(hào)煤層煤柱的承載強(qiáng)度,表明5號(hào)煤層上行開(kāi)采過(guò)程中8號(hào)煤層所留煤柱保持穩(wěn)定;數(shù)值模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)揭示了5號(hào)煤層長(zhǎng)壁開(kāi)采過(guò)程中8號(hào)煤層所留煤柱與層間巖體的應(yīng)力分布與演化規(guī)律,表明百子煤礦上行開(kāi)采時(shí)層間巖體和下伏8號(hào)煤層煤柱均具有足夠的強(qiáng)度,不會(huì)發(fā)生失穩(wěn)現(xiàn)象。論文研究成果對(duì)于百子煤礦的上行開(kāi)采具有指導(dǎo)意義,對(duì)于其它類似開(kāi)采條件煤礦的上行開(kāi)采也具有良好的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:In the process of upward mining, if pillar mining is used in the lower coal seam, under the influence of mining pressure, it may cause instability of the coal pillar left over from the interlayer rock mass and the goaf of the lower coal seam. It also causes the collapse of overlying strata and the instability of the floor strata of longwall working face, which threatens the safe production of coal mining face in the upper coal seam. Therefore, it is necessary to study the feasibility of upward coal seam mining in pillar mining area. Taking Baizi coal mine as the research object, the feasibility of mining the governor wall on the upper and 5th coal seam of No. 8 coal seam is studied by using the methods of theoretical analysis, physical simulation and numerical simulation. In the theoretical analysis, the mining pressure is regarded as the key parameter to analyze the feasibility of upstream mining, and the prediction formula of mining pressure is given. It is concluded that the maximum failure depth of 20m interlayer rock mass is 3.2 m, and the stability coefficients of tensile strength and shear strength of interlayer rock mass are 5.9 and 4.1, respectively. Based on the theory of effective area, the maximum failure depth of 20m interlayer rock mass of No. 8 coal seam is obtained. The stability coefficient of coal pillar in coal seam is 2.2, which indicates that the interlayer rock mass and coal pillar left in No. 8 coal seam remain stable. The physical simulation results show that the maximum bearing pressure during pillar mining of No. 8 coal seam is 2.965Mpa. during the long wall propulsive process of No. 5 coal seam, the initial pressure step distance of the main roof is about 58m. The average step distance of periodic pressure is 16.7 m, and the mining pressure only affects the depth of the interlayer rock mass, and the interlayer rock mass remains stable, and an obvious decompression area is formed in the bottom rock layer under the goaf of No. 5 coal seam. When roof pressure comes to press, only the stress concentration phenomenon appears on the sensor under coal pillar and coal body in front of coal wall, but the supporting pressure value of coal pillar is less than 4MPa, which is far lower than the bearing strength of No. 8 coal pillar. The results show that the pillar of No. 8 coal seam remains stable during the upward mining process of No. 5 coal seam, and the stress distribution and evolution law of the pillar and interlayer rock mass of No. 8 coal seam during the long wall mining process of No. 5 coal seam are revealed by numerical simulation. The results show that both the interlayer rock mass and the coal pillar of No. 8 coal seam in Baizi coal mine have sufficient strength and there will be no instability. The research results of this paper have guiding significance for the upstream mining of Baizi coal mine, and also have good reference significance for other similar mining conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD823

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