【摘要】：微量熱法與傳統(tǒng)浮選試驗結(jié)合研究,將微熱量熱法引入到選礦理論研究中,用于探索浮選藥劑與礦物表面的吸附作用以及礦物溶解作用過程機理是一個具有重要意義的嘗試和創(chuàng)新。通過微量熱法對乙硫氮體系下三種抑制劑(硫酸鋅、六偏磷酸鈉和腐殖酸鈉)與黃銅礦和閃鋅礦的抑制作用過程進行系統(tǒng)的熱動力學規(guī)律研究,從熱動力學角度闡釋三種抑制劑的作用機理,并通過單礦物浮選試驗和吸附量測定進行了驗證。通過單礦物浮選試驗表明:乙硫氮的最佳用量為4×10-4 mol·L-1,硫酸銅的最佳用量為2×10-4 mol·L-1,抑制劑的最佳用量為2×10-4 mol·L-1。隨著礦漿pH值的增大,對閃鋅礦的抑制效果大于黃銅礦的抑制效果;三種抑制劑的抑制效果為六偏磷酸鈉硫酸鋅腐殖酸鈉。黃銅礦和被硫酸銅活化后的閃鋅礦表面吸附乙硫氮熱動力學反應(yīng)為放熱反應(yīng);隨著反應(yīng)溫度的升高,反應(yīng)時間越來越短,熱動力學曲線峰的面積減小,說明隨著溫度的升高,反應(yīng)速率K值增大,反應(yīng)熱Q也隨之減少。表觀活化能表明藥劑吸附在礦物表面所需能量,表觀活化能越高,表明藥劑在礦物表面越難吸附。在同一吸附條件下,黃銅礦和活化閃鋅礦表面吸附乙硫氮的表觀活化能,隨pH升高而升高。表觀活化能Ea與△Ea|黃銅礦-閃鋅礦|表明,六偏磷酸更易抑制活化閃鋅礦,使活化后閃鋅礦的表觀活化能增大而起抑制效果;腐殖酸鈉對活化后閃鋅礦抑制效果較差,活化后閃鋅礦表觀活化能和活化焓變化較小;同時三種抑制劑對黃銅礦的表觀活化能和活化焓影響較小。三種抑制劑對黃銅礦的抑制效果為腐殖酸鈉硫酸鋅六偏磷酸鈉;對閃鋅礦的抑制效果為六偏磷酸鈉硫酸鋅腐殖酸鈉,量熱試驗結(jié)果與單礦物浮選試驗一致。并通過紫外分光光度計在不同條件下黃銅礦和閃鋅表面對乙硫氮吸附量進行了驗證。
[Abstract]:The micro-calorimetry was combined with the traditional flotation test, and the micro-calorimetry was introduced into the theoretical study of mineral processing. It is an important attempt and innovation to explore the adsorption between flotation reagent and mineral surface and the mechanism of mineral dissolution. The inhibition process of three inhibitors (zinc sulfate, sodium hexametaphosphate and humic acid) with chalcopyrite and sphalerite in ethylthionitride system was studied systematically by microcalorimetry. The mechanism of the three depressants was explained from the point of view of thermodynamics and was verified by the flotation test of single mineral and the measurement of adsorption capacity. The results of single mineral flotation showed that the optimum dosage of ethionitrogen was 4 脳 10 ~ (-4) mol / L ~ (-1), that of copper sulfate was 2 脳 10 ~ (-4) mol / L ~ (-1), and that of depressant was 2 脳 10 ~ (-4) mol / L ~ (-1). With the increase of pulp pH value, the inhibition effect of sphalerite is greater than that of chalcopyrite, and the inhibition effect of the three inhibitors is sodium zinc humate sodium hexametaphosphate. The thermomechanical reaction of adsorbed ethylthionium on the surface of chalcopyrite and the activated sphalerite is exothermic, and with the increase of reaction temperature, the reaction time becomes shorter and shorter, and the area of the thermal kinetic curve peak decreases, which indicates that the area of the curve decreases with the increase of temperature. With the increase of reaction rate K, the reaction heat Q also decreases. The apparent activation energy indicates the energy required for the reagent to adsorb on the mineral surface, and the higher the apparent activation energy, the more difficult it is for the reagent to adsorb on the mineral surface. Under the same adsorption conditions, the apparent activation energy of adsorption of ethionitrogen on the surface of chalcopyrite and activated sphalerite increases with the increase of pH. The apparent activation energies EA and EA chalcopyrite sphalerite showed that hexametaphosphoric acid inhibited the activated sphalerite more easily, which increased the apparent activation energy of the sphalerite, but sodium humate had a poor inhibition effect on the activated sphalerite. After activation, the apparent activation energy and activation enthalpy of sphalerite changed little, and the three inhibitors had little effect on the apparent activation energy and activation enthalpy of chalcopyrite. The inhibitory effects of the three depressants on chalcopyrite are sodium humic acid sodium zinc sulfate hexametaphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate zinc humic acid sodium zinc sulfate respectively. The results of calorimetric test are consistent with that of single mineral flotation test. The adsorption capacity of ethionitrogen on chalcopyrite and zinc flash surface was verified by UV spectrophotometer under different conditions.
【學位授予單位】：江西理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD923;TD952

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