【摘要】：隨著鐵礦石開采規(guī)模的不斷擴大,鐵尾礦砂廢棄物越來越多。據(jù)統(tǒng)計,我國尾礦庫累計堆存的鐵尾礦砂總量已達(dá)50億t。大量鐵尾礦的堆存不僅占用了大量土地資源,造成了巨大資源浪費,更為嚴(yán)重的是尾礦庫的壩體極易發(fā)生破壞乃至潰壩從而造成嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟損失、環(huán)境污染和生態(tài)災(zāi)難。因此,世界各國均非常重視鐵尾礦砂綜合利用技術(shù)研究,以便變廢為寶,保護(hù)有限礦產(chǎn)資源和人類環(huán)境,并降低鐵尾礦庫的危害程度,確保國家財產(chǎn)和人身安全。本文從鐵尾礦砂的資源特點出發(fā),探討利用鐵尾礦砂制作墻體材料燒結(jié)磚的可行性。并通過系列試驗研究和理論分析,找到了最佳的鐵尾礦砂燒結(jié)磚的成分配比和焙燒工藝參數(shù),以便制作出符合墻體材料要求的燒結(jié)磚。讓鐵尾礦砂的整體綜合運用有更多的道路。本文主要研究內(nèi)容和取得的技術(shù)成果如下:(1)通過對鐵尾礦砂和粘土的熒光光譜分析、X衍射分析和差熱分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)鐵尾礦砂與普通粘土具有相近似的化學(xué)成分和礦物組成;依據(jù)鐵尾礦砂的化學(xué)組成和燒結(jié)磚燒成機理,完全可以通過在鐵尾礦砂中添加部分粘土和助熔料的適當(dāng)成分配比和嚴(yán)格的焙燒工藝條件下,制作出符合墻體材料要求的鐵尾礦砂燒結(jié)磚。(2)依據(jù)正交試驗設(shè)計的原理,對最佳焙燒工藝參數(shù)和最佳配比進(jìn)行了正交試驗,并以抗壓強度和焙燒線收縮率為指標(biāo)對鐵尾礦砂燒結(jié)磚進(jìn)行了性能考核試驗。試驗結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)砂土比70:30、石灰石摻量8%時,并采用40℃/h、80℃/h、45℃/h的分段升溫速度,在1000℃保溫6h的燒結(jié)條件下,具有最佳的燒成性和性能指標(biāo);鐵尾礦砂燒結(jié)磚結(jié)合牢固、表面光滑無起皮剝落,滿足墻體材料對燒結(jié)磚的性能要求。(3)利用鐵尾礦砂中含有大量Fe2O3的特點,探討了將鐵尾礦砂制成磁屏蔽功能材料的可行性。分析結(jié)果表明:采用適當(dāng)?shù)臏囟群吞幚砉に嚄l件下完全可以將鐵尾礦砂中的Fe2O3還原成Fe3O4;使鐵尾礦砂制品具有良好的磁屏蔽功能,從而滿足一些大型結(jié)構(gòu)物(如人防工程等)的磁屏蔽防護(hù)特殊需求。本文成果可以有效解決鐵尾礦廢棄物的資源再生利用、環(huán)境污染問題和安全隱患問題,具有廣闊的推廣應(yīng)用價值,可取得顯著的社會效益、生態(tài)效益和經(jīng)濟效益。
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of iron ore mining scale, iron ore tailings more and more waste. According to statistics, the total amount of iron tailings accumulated in tailing pool in China has reached 5 billion tons. A large number of iron tailings not only occupy a large number of land resources, resulting in a huge waste of resources, but also the dam body of the tailings reservoir is prone to damage and even dam break, resulting in serious economic losses, environmental pollution and ecological disasters. Therefore, countries all over the world attach great importance to the comprehensive utilization of iron tailings in order to turn waste into treasures, protect limited mineral resources and human environment, reduce the harm degree of iron tailings pool, and ensure the national property and personal safety. Based on the resource characteristics of iron tailings, the feasibility of making wall sintered bricks with iron tailings is discussed in this paper. Through a series of experiments and theoretical analysis, the optimum composition ratio and calcination process parameters of iron tailings sintered brick are found in order to make the sintered brick which meets the requirement of wall material. So that the overall use of iron tailings more comprehensive use of the road. The main research contents and technical achievements in this paper are as follows: (1) through the fluorescence spectrum analysis and differential thermal analysis of iron tailings and clay, it is found that iron tailings have similar chemical composition and mineral composition to ordinary clay; According to the chemical composition of iron tailings and the sintering mechanism of sintered bricks, it is possible to add some clay and melting-aids to iron tailings under proper composition and strict roasting conditions. The sintered brick of iron tailings is made according to the requirements of wall materials. (2) according to the principle of orthogonal test design, orthogonal test is carried out on the optimum roasting process parameters and the best proportion. The properties of sintered brick with iron tailings were tested on the basis of compressive strength and shrinkage of roasting line. The results show that when the ratio of sand to soil is 70: 30 and the limestone content is 8, the sintering rate of 40 鈩，

本文編號：2150269