【摘要】：煤系高嶺土作為世界上特有的礦產(chǎn)資源,近年來(lái),對(duì)硬質(zhì)煤系高嶺土的深入提純開(kāi)發(fā)利用逐漸成為各國(guó)學(xué)者的研究重點(diǎn)。煤系高嶺土經(jīng)過(guò)提純、鍛燒、超細(xì)粉碎等深加工可生產(chǎn)物理和化學(xué)性能穩(wěn)定的高檔次填料和顏料級(jí)產(chǎn)品,廣泛應(yīng)用于造紙、化工、電器、塑料、橡膠復(fù)合材料等工業(yè)領(lǐng)域。本文利用振動(dòng)重介質(zhì)流化床對(duì)河北靈壽6-3mm和3-1mm粒度級(jí)煤系高嶺土進(jìn)行干法分選脫炭研究,以0.074-0.4mm粒級(jí)硅鐵粉作為加重質(zhì),實(shí)現(xiàn)細(xì)粒煤系高嶺土的氣固流態(tài)化分選。原礦的密度主要分布在1.9-2.7g/cm3,6-3mm和3-1mm原礦的燒失量分別為23.18%和24.98%。從原礦的XRF數(shù)據(jù)可以看出,主要組成元素為Si和Al,其中雜質(zhì)元素Fe的含量較高,Ti的元素含量較少。對(duì)普通重介質(zhì)流化床與振動(dòng)重介質(zhì)流化床的床層流化特性進(jìn)行了研究,可以得出,振動(dòng)能量可以顯著降低流化床的床層壓降ΔP、最小流化氣速Umf和床層膨脹率ε。隨著振動(dòng)頻率的增大,床層壓降和床層流化密度先減小后增大;隨著振幅的增大,床層壓降和床層流化密度一直減小,不同靜床高之間的流化床密度差隨著靜床高(Hs)的增大而減小。振動(dòng)能量的引入活化了床層中顆粒的隨機(jī)運(yùn)動(dòng),增強(qiáng)了氣相和固相之間的摩擦作用,有效抑制了床層中氣泡的生成和長(zhǎng)大,床層中顆粒的附壁現(xiàn)象減少,流化床三維空間中的床層壓降分布均勻,形成了均勻穩(wěn)定的分選環(huán)境。分別對(duì)6-3mm和3-1mm粒度級(jí)煤系高嶺土進(jìn)行分選試驗(yàn),研究入料重量、振動(dòng)頻率(f)、振幅(A)和流化數(shù)(N)等操作因素對(duì)分選效果的影響規(guī)律,確定各單因素適用于分選的最佳取值范圍。采用中心復(fù)合設(shè)計(jì)響應(yīng)曲面法,以精礦燒失量、燒失比和總燒余量來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)6-3mm和3-1mm煤系高嶺土的正交分選效果,研究了操作因素之間的交互作用。最終,確定兩種粒級(jí)最適用的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)分別為精礦總燒余量和精礦燒失量,同時(shí)建立了評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)對(duì)應(yīng)的二次多項(xiàng)式預(yù)測(cè)模型。分選試驗(yàn)表明:對(duì)于6-3mm粒度級(jí)煤系高嶺土,當(dāng)Hs=100mm、f=15Hz、A=2.0mm和N=1.7時(shí),精礦和尾礦的產(chǎn)率分別為23.42%和23.39%,燒失量分別為21.91%和28.93%,精尾礦的燒失量差值ΔX為7.02%,精礦回收率達(dá)到23.69%。精礦的產(chǎn)率較高,燒失量較小,總燒余量高達(dá)42.76%,取得較理想分選效果。對(duì)于3-1mm粒度級(jí)煤系高嶺土,當(dāng)Hs=100mm、f=15Hz、A=2.0mm和N=1.7時(shí),精礦和尾礦的產(chǎn)率分別為10.73%和25.92%,燒失量分別為18.72%和30.52%,精礦回收率為11.65%,精尾礦的燒失量差值為11.80%。精礦的產(chǎn)率較高,燒失量較小,取得較理想分選效果。
[Abstract]:As a unique mineral resource in the world, the deep purification and utilization of hard coal kaolin has gradually become the research focus of scholars all over the world in recent years. Through deep processing, such as purification, calcination, ultrafine grinding and so on, coal measures kaolin can produce high grade packing and pigment grade products with stable physical and chemical properties. They are widely used in papermaking, chemical industry, electrical appliances, plastics, rubber composite materials and other industrial fields. In this paper, the dry separation and decarbonization of coal series kaolin with 6-3mm and 3-1mm granularity in Hebei Province were studied by vibratory heavy medium fluidized bed. The fine coal measure kaolin was separated by gas-solid fluidization with 0.074-0.4mm grained iron silicate powder as the weighting material. The densities of raw ore are mainly distributed in 1.9-2.7g / cm ~ (-3) mm and 3-1mm ore's burning loss is 23.18% and 24.98% respectively. It can be seen from the XRF data of the ore that the main elements are Si and Al, among which the content of impurity Fe is higher than that of Ti. The fluidization characteristics of fluidized bed in ordinary and vibrational heavy medium fluidized beds are studied. It can be concluded that the vibrational energy can significantly reduce the bed pressure drop 螖 P, the minimum fluidized gas velocity UMF and the bed expansion rate 蔚 of the fluidized bed. With the increase of vibration frequency, the pressure drop and fluidization density of the bed first decrease and then increase, and the pressure drop and the fluidization density of the bed decrease with the increase of the amplitude. The difference of fluidized bed density between different static bed heights decreases with the increase of static bed height (HS). The introduction of vibration energy activates the random movement of the particles in the bed, enhances the friction between the gas phase and the solid phase, effectively inhibits the formation and growth of bubbles in the bed, and reduces the phenomenon of the particles attached to the wall in the bed. The bed pressure drop in three dimensional fluidized bed is uniformly distributed, and a uniform and stable separation environment is formed. The separation experiments of coal series kaolin with 6-3mm and 3-1mm granularity were carried out to study the influence of loading weight, vibration frequency, (f), amplitude (A) and fluidization number (N) on the separation effect, and to determine the optimum value range of each single factor for separation. The central composite design response surface method was used to evaluate the orthogonal separation effect of 6-3mm and 3-1mm coal measures kaolin by using the concentration loss ratio and total burning allowance. The interaction between operational factors was studied. Finally, the two most suitable evaluation indexes of grain level were determined as the total combustion allowance of concentrate and the loss of concentrate, respectively, and the quadratic polynomial prediction model corresponding to the evaluation index was established at the same time. The separation test shows that for 6-3mm granularity grade coal series kaolin, the yield of concentrate and tailings are 23.42% and 23.3995%, respectively, the difference of burning loss 螖 X is 7.02, and the recovery ratio of concentrate is 23.699.The recovery of concentrate and tailings is 23.6995% and 7.02respectively, and the recovery ratio of concentrate is 23.699.When the coal measure kaolin is of 6-3mm granularity grade, the yield of concentrate is 23.42% and that of tailings is 23.69% and 28.93% respectively, the difference of burning loss of fine tailings is 7.02, and the recovery of concentrate is 23.69%. The concentrate yield is higher, the burning loss is small, and the total burning allowance is as high as 42.76. The ideal separation effect is obtained. For 3-1mm granularity coal series kaolin, the yields of concentrate and tailings are 10.73% and 25.92 respectively, the recovery rate of concentrate is 11.65%, and the difference of burning loss of refined tailings is 11.80%. The concentrate yield is high and the burning loss is small, and the ideal separation effect is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD97;TD455.7

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本文編號(hào)：2130852