發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-15 12:29

【摘要】：佛子礦古益礦區(qū)經(jīng)過多年的淺孔留礦法開采，在礦體上部遺留了大量的采空區(qū)，由于前期的無序處理形成了復(fù)雜的空區(qū)局面，不僅造成空區(qū)中大量的礦柱資源浪費(fèi)，而且嚴(yán)重威脅到礦山的安全生產(chǎn)。本文以104號礦體采空區(qū)群為研究對象，主要研究內(nèi)容與結(jié)論如下： (1)通過采空區(qū)現(xiàn)場調(diào)查、室內(nèi)力學(xué)試驗(yàn)確定了采空區(qū)的分布狀況、賦存特征及巖體的結(jié)構(gòu)要素和物理力學(xué)參數(shù)。在此基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用RMR法對采空區(qū)圍巖穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行了分級研究，結(jié)果顯示采空區(qū)圍巖質(zhì)量屬于II~III級之間。 (2)運(yùn)用理論公式法、點(diǎn)強(qiáng)度折減法對采空區(qū)圍巖及支撐礦柱穩(wěn)定性展開分析。結(jié)果表明，104號礦體各采空區(qū)圍巖暴露尺寸均未達(dá)到其極限暴露面積，自穩(wěn)能力良好；空區(qū)中大部分留設(shè)礦柱安全系數(shù)較高，但100m水平礦體厚大處支撐礦柱安全系數(shù)偏低，需盡早采取處理措施。 (3)結(jié)合各空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性狀況及殘留礦柱的賦存特點(diǎn)，提出全崩、全充、崩充聯(lián)合法3種可行的空區(qū)處理兼礦柱回采方案，并通過模糊數(shù)學(xué)優(yōu)選法選取10個(gè)主要影響指標(biāo)對其進(jìn)行綜合評價(jià)，，確定出最優(yōu)方案為崩充聯(lián)合法。 (4)采用FLAC3D軟件對優(yōu)選方案進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算，分析空區(qū)處理不同階段各回采區(qū)域巷道、圍巖及地表穩(wěn)定性狀況。模擬結(jié)果表明，方案實(shí)施過程中，空區(qū)圍巖及地表巖體的應(yīng)力及位移變化較小，采區(qū)整體穩(wěn)定性良好。采用崩充聯(lián)合法處理空區(qū)時(shí)，空區(qū)上部應(yīng)力集中區(qū)圍巖充分移動、垮落，應(yīng)力大幅緩解，下部空區(qū)得到充實(shí)，穩(wěn)定性顯著提高，能有效消除空區(qū)隱患，同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)殘留礦柱的安全回采。 通過上述研究提出的技術(shù)方案，為古益礦區(qū)采空區(qū)治理及殘礦回收難題提供了理論依據(jù)和技術(shù)指導(dǎo)，同時(shí)，對其它礦山類似問題也具有一定的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:After many years of shallow hole retention mining in Guyi mine area of Fuzi Mine, a large number of mined-out areas have been left in the upper part of the orebody. As a result of the disorderly treatment in the early stage, a complicated situation of empty areas has been formed, which not only results in a large amount of waste of pillar resources in the empty areas, And a serious threat to mine safety in production. The main contents and conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) through the field investigation of goaf, the distribution of goaf is determined by indoor mechanical test. Occurrence characteristics, structural elements and physical and mechanical parameters of rock mass. On the basis of this, the stability of surrounding rock in goaf is studied by RMR method. The results show that the mass of surrounding rock in goaf belongs to class IIG III. (2) the method of theoretical formula is used to study the stability of surrounding rock in goaf. The stability of surrounding rock and supporting pillar in goaf is analyzed by point strength reduction method. The results show that the exposure size of surrounding rock in each goaf of No. 104 ore body is not up to its limit exposure area, and its self-stability ability is good, and the safety coefficient of most of the remaining pillars in the empty area is high, but the safety factor of supporting pillar is low in the large thickness of 100m level ore body. It is necessary to take treatment measures as soon as possible. (3) combined with the stability of each empty area and the occurrence characteristics of residual pillar, three feasible methods of full caving, full filling and caving combined with caving and charging are put forward. The optimal scheme is determined to be the combination of caving and charging method. (4) the FLAC3D software is used to simulate the optimal selection scheme. The stability of roadway, surrounding rock and surface in different stages of goaf treatment is analyzed. The simulation results show that the stress and displacement of surrounding rock and surface rock in goaf are small and the whole stability of mining area is good. When the caving and charging combined method is used to deal with the empty area, the surrounding rock in the upper stress concentration area of the empty area moves fully, collapses, the stress is relieved substantially, the lower void area is enriched, the stability is improved significantly, and the hidden danger of the empty area can be effectively eliminated. At the same time, the safe mining of residual pillar is realized. The technical scheme proposed by the above study provides a theoretical basis and technical guidance for the problems of goaf treatment and residual ore recovery in Guyi mining area. At the same time, it also has certain reference significance for similar problems in other mines.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD325.3

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