【摘要】：我國生產(chǎn)礦井逐漸進(jìn)入深部開采時代,深井工程軟巖巷道變形量大、破壞嚴(yán)重、流變持續(xù)時間長的問題極大制約了礦業(yè)開采的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展,致使生產(chǎn)成本增加。為解決深井巷道支護(hù)難的問題,本文搜集并敘述了國內(nèi)外對深井軟巖巷道支護(hù)的研究進(jìn)展,介紹了一種新的支護(hù)理論。通過調(diào)查深井巷道圍巖的破壞特征和原因,基于強(qiáng)化圍巖支護(hù)體自身結(jié)構(gòu)的理念,結(jié)合了工程實踐中“淺部低壓注漿、深部高壓注漿”的二次注漿+錨桿+錨索支護(hù)的研究,提出了深井巷道“雙殼”注漿加固支護(hù)理論。建立了“單殼”、“連續(xù)雙殼”、“非連續(xù)雙殼”三類模型,并根據(jù)巖體強(qiáng)度破壞準(zhǔn)則及彈塑性力學(xué)理論,構(gòu)建了“雙殼”物理力學(xué)模型,理論推導(dǎo)了“雙殼”支護(hù)體的應(yīng)力分布、位移及分區(qū)半徑的計算公式,并采用D-P準(zhǔn)則考慮中間主應(yīng)力和巖石脆性損傷理論本構(gòu)關(guān)系對巷道圍巖的彈塑性分析進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,使物理模型更符合實際情況。本文主要采用數(shù)值模擬軟件進(jìn)行研究分析。首先模擬了裸巷在不同埋深,不同圍巖強(qiáng)度條件下巷道圍巖的應(yīng)力分布特征、移動變形規(guī)律,總結(jié)了巷道各部分圍巖變形失穩(wěn)原因以及支護(hù)要點(diǎn),為研究“雙殼”支護(hù)機(jī)理奠定基礎(chǔ)。然后通過模擬對比裸巷、“單殼”結(jié)構(gòu)、連續(xù)“雙殼”結(jié)構(gòu)、非連續(xù)“雙殼”結(jié)構(gòu)的圍巖應(yīng)力分布及變形規(guī)律,研究深井軟巖巷道“雙殼”支護(hù)機(jī)理。深入分析“雙殼”的支護(hù)機(jī)理:認(rèn)為巷道受高壓作用使應(yīng)力隨塑性區(qū)的擴(kuò)大由淺部向深部轉(zhuǎn)移,而錨桿+淺部注漿形成支護(hù)殼,改善了淺部破碎圍巖結(jié)構(gòu),保證了圍巖完整性;錨索+深部高壓注漿形成加固殼,改善了深部圍巖力學(xué)特性,緩解了深部圍巖塑性蠕變,阻隔了高地應(yīng)力向淺部傳遞,并為錨桿錨索提供著力基礎(chǔ);非連續(xù)雙殼中部柔性層裂隙發(fā)育,其應(yīng)變空間可協(xié)調(diào)淺、深部殼體協(xié)同變形,吸收巖體變形能,阻隔深部高應(yīng)力傳遞;研究成果形成了理論和技術(shù)體系,具有理論和指導(dǎo)工程實踐雙重價值,豐富了深部巷道支護(hù)理論,促進(jìn)了深部巷道支護(hù)技術(shù)的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The production mine in our country has gradually entered the deep mining age. The problems of large deformation, serious damage and long rheological duration of soft rock roadway in deep well engineering have greatly restricted the further development of mining, resulting in the increase of production cost. In order to solve the difficult problem of deep roadway support, this paper collects and describes the research progress of soft rock roadway support at home and abroad, and introduces a new supporting theory. By investigating the failure characteristics and reasons of surrounding rock in deep roadway, based on the concept of strengthening the structure of surrounding rock supporting body, combining the research of secondary grouting anchor cable support of "shallow low pressure grouting, deep high pressure grouting" in engineering practice, In this paper, the theory of double-shell grouting and supporting for deep roadway is put forward. Three kinds of models of "single shell", "continuous double shell" and "discontinuous double shell" are established. According to the failure criterion of rock mass strength and the theory of elastoplastic mechanics, the physical and mechanical model of "double shell" is constructed. The formulas of stress distribution, displacement and zoning radius of "double shell" supporting body are derived theoretically, and the elastoplastic analysis of roadway surrounding rock is optimized by using D-P criterion to consider the constitutive relation of intermediate principal stress and brittle damage theory of rock. In this paper, numerical simulation software is used to study and analyze. At first, the stress distribution characteristics and moving deformation law of roadway surrounding rock under different buried depth and different surrounding rock strength are simulated, and the reasons of surrounding rock deformation instability and the key points of supporting are summarized. It lays a foundation for studying the mechanism of double shell support. Then the stress distribution and deformation of surrounding rock of bare roadway, "single shell" structure, continuous "double shell" structure and discontinuous "double shell" structure are simulated and compared, and the supporting mechanism of "double shell" in soft rock roadway of deep well is studied. Deeply analyzing the supporting mechanism of "double shell": it is considered that the stress of roadway is transferred from shallow to deep with the expansion of plastic zone under the action of high pressure, while the shallow grouting of anchor rod forms supporting shell, which improves the structure of shallow-wall rock and ensures the integrity of surrounding rock. The reinforced shell formed by high pressure grouting in the deep part of the anchor cable improves the mechanical properties of the deep surrounding rock, alleviates the plastic creep of the deep surrounding rock, prevents the transfer of high ground stress to the shallow part, and provides a strong foundation for the anchor cable. The fracture of flexible layer in the middle of discontinuous double shell is developed, its strain space can be coordinated shallowly, the deep shell can coordinate deformation, absorb the deformation energy of rock mass, block the transfer of high stress in the deep, and the research results form a theoretical and technical system. It has the dual value of theory and engineering practice, enriches the theory of deep roadway support, and promotes the development of deep roadway supporting technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD353

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