本文選題：微生物浸鈾 + 噴淋強(qiáng)度　； 參考：《東華理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：與傳統(tǒng)方法相比微生物浸鈾技術(shù)具有投資少、酸耗低、環(huán)境污染小、工藝流程簡(jiǎn)單等優(yōu)點(diǎn),越來越受到研究者的青睞。本文研究了不同因素對(duì)鈾礦石浸出效果的影響,從噴淋強(qiáng)度、細(xì)菌接種量和鐵濃度等方面分析了鈾礦石的浸出作用規(guī)律和浸出效果,初步探討了溶浸液與鈾礦石的作用機(jī)理。具體研究?jī)?nèi)容與結(jié)果如下:噴淋強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)表明,在浸出第108天,5%、10%、15%、20%、25%噴淋強(qiáng)度鈾累計(jì)浸出率分別是80.97%、81.54%、91.40%、89.27%,81.83%,渣計(jì)浸出率分別是82.2%、88.5%、90.9%、88.35%、87.55%,累計(jì)耗酸率分別是8.58%、10.42%、11.13%、12.11%、13.27%。考慮酸浸周期、累計(jì)耗酸率、鈾累計(jì)浸出率和渣計(jì)浸出率等因素,15%噴淋強(qiáng)度鈾浸出效果最優(yōu)。細(xì)菌接種量試驗(yàn)表明,浸出鈾濃度和鈾浸出率隨細(xì)菌接種量的增多而升高,但30%細(xì)菌接種量浸出鈾濃度和鈾浸出率增加幅度開始減小。因此,適度提高細(xì)菌接種量,有利于鈾礦石的浸出。鐵濃度試驗(yàn)表明,9g/LFe~(2+)浸出鈾濃度和鈾浸出率低于5g/LFe~(2+)高于3g/LFe~(2+),5g/LFe~(2+)細(xì)菌活性最好,浸出效果最佳。9g/LFe~(3+)浸出鈾濃度和鈾浸出率與5g/LFe~(3+)相差不大。Fe~(3+)離子濃度越高,細(xì)菌活性越低,不利于細(xì)菌與礦石相互作用,Fe~(3+)離子濃度不應(yīng)超過5g/L。選取浸出前后試驗(yàn)礦樣進(jìn)行掃描電鏡、能譜分析以及XRD衍射分析。溶浸液與鈾礦石作用機(jī)理初探表明,原礦樣表面平整光滑、結(jié)構(gòu)完整、無裂隙凹坑,主要含有K、Ca、Si、Na、Al、O等元素,石英(SiO_2)、鈉長(zhǎng)石(NaAlSi3O8)、鈣長(zhǎng)石(CaAl2Si2O8)、斜長(zhǎng)石((K,Na)AlSi3O8)、鉀長(zhǎng)石(KAlSi3O8)等礦物。在溶浸液作用下,礦石表面出現(xiàn)不同程度的腐蝕破壞,元素組分發(fā)生明顯變化,并生成了造成礦石板結(jié)的石膏(CaSO4·2H2O)和黃鉀鐵釩(KFe_3(SO_4)_2(OH)6)沉淀物。
[Abstract]:Compared with traditional methods, microbial uranium leaching technology has many advantages, such as less investment, less acid consumption, less environmental pollution and simple technological process. In this paper, the influence of different factors on the leaching effect of uranium ore is studied. The leaching law and leaching effect of uranium ore are analyzed from the aspects of spray strength, inoculation amount of bacteria and concentration of iron, and the mechanism of action between leaching solution and uranium ore is preliminarily discussed. The specific research contents and results are as follows: the experimental results show that on the 108th day of leaching, the accumulative leaching rate of uranium is 80.977,81.540.91.400.20% and 25%. The cumulative acid consumption rate is 8.588.4210.4210.4212.1312.1112.1312.1112.1312.1112.1312.1112.1312.1112.1312.1312.1312.1312.1112.1312.1312.1312.1112.1312.1312.1312.1112.1312.1312.1312.1312.1113.275.The cumulative acid consumption rate is 8.580.10.4210.4212.1312.1113.2755.The leaching rate of the slag meter is 82.288.58.35 / 88.357.555.The cumulative acid consumption rate is 8.58510.4210.4212.1312.1112.1113.27. Considering the acid leaching period, the accumulative acid consumption rate, the uranium accumulative leaching rate and the slag leaching rate, the effect of uranium leaching with 15% spray strength is the best. Bacterial inoculation test showed that the concentration of uranium and the leaching rate of uranium increased with the increase of bacterial inoculation, but the concentration of uranium and the rate of leaching of uranium by 30% bacteria began to decrease. Therefore, a moderate increase in bacterial inoculation is beneficial to the leaching of uranium ores. The results of iron concentration test showed that the concentration of uranium and the leaching rate of uranium were lower than 5 g / L Fe ~ (2) and higher than 3 g / L L Fe ~ (2) > 3 g / L Fe ~ (2). The bacteria activity was the best, and the leaching effect was the best. The concentration of uranium and the leaching rate of uranium were similar to that of 5 g / L LFe3. The higher the concentration of Fe3 ions, the lower the activity of bacteria. The Fe ~ (3) ion concentration should not exceed 5 g / L. The samples before and after leaching were selected for SEM, EDS and XRD analysis. The mechanism of interaction between leaching solution and uranium ore shows that the surface of the sample is smooth, the structure is intact and there are no fissure pits. It mainly contains minerals such as K _ (Ca-CaO), Na _ 2O _ 3, Sio _ 2, NaAlSi _ 3O _ 8, CaAl2Si _ 2O _ 8, K _ (AlSi _ 3O _ 8), K _ AlSi _ 3O _ 8 and so on. The results show that: (1) the surface of the sample is smooth, the structure is intact, and there are no fissure pits. The main minerals are quartz (SiO2), albite (NaAlSi3O8), CaAl2Si2O8, plagioclase (Knna) AlSi3O8, potassium feldspar (KAlSi3O8) and so on. Under the action of leaching solution, the surface of the ore was corroded to varying degrees, and the element composition changed obviously. The gypsum (CaSO _ 4 _ 2H _ 2O) and K _ FeS _ 3 (so _ 4) _ 2 (OH) _ 6) precipitates were formed, which resulted in the formation of gypsum (CaSO _ 4 _ 2H _ 2O) and K _ Fe _ 3 (so _ 4) _ 2 (OH) _ 6.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD958;TD925.5

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