本文選題：砂巖鈾礦 + 巷道和采場穩(wěn)定性　； 參考：《南華大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,我國已探明及潛在的砂巖型鈾資源量較大,但是,開發(fā)技術(shù)有限。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)我國對砂巖型鈾礦床開發(fā)利用,應(yīng)開展基礎(chǔ)理論和應(yīng)用技術(shù)研究。某砂巖型鈾礦床工業(yè)鈾礦化類型為層間氧化帶型,由于礦石硬度、膠結(jié)程度和埋深大等特點(diǎn),使該類砂巖鈾礦床不適合用地浸開采技術(shù)進(jìn)行開發(fā)。通過本課題的研究為地下常規(guī)開采已探明的該類砂巖型鈾礦資源提供技術(shù)支撐,提高開采技術(shù)水平。在課題研究中,開采方法研究主要結(jié)合礦床賦存特點(diǎn),對巖心樣品進(jìn)行礦巖的機(jī)械物理力學(xué)參數(shù)測試,在取得參數(shù)后進(jìn)行砂巖、泥巖的巷道開挖變形數(shù)值模擬試驗(yàn)及采場頂板變形數(shù)值模擬試驗(yàn)。巷道變形數(shù)值模擬試驗(yàn)表明,巷道圍巖的最大位移位于巷道的頂部,最大豎向應(yīng)力位于巷道的拱肩和直墻兩底角處,最大主應(yīng)力位于巷道的拱肩和直墻兩底角處,最小主應(yīng)力位于巷道直墻兩底角處,其值分別為1.3979cm、46.973MPa、49.612MPa和9.7887MPa;巷道頂部圍巖發(fā)生了剪切破壞。為保證巷道掘進(jìn)及使用安全性,進(jìn)行了襯砌支護(hù)和錨桿支護(hù)的數(shù)值模擬試驗(yàn)。模擬結(jié)果表明:采用襯砌支護(hù)時,巷道圍巖的豎向位移、豎向應(yīng)力、最大及最小主應(yīng)力均比未支護(hù)時相應(yīng)減少,且隨襯砌厚度的增加而不斷減少。而襯砌結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生的豎向位移較小,其承受的豎向應(yīng)力遠(yuǎn)低于其抗壓強(qiáng)度,且不會發(fā)生剪切破壞。采場頂板穩(wěn)定性數(shù)值模擬試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行預(yù)留礦柱(礦柱間距6m×6m、7m×7m、8m×8m三種方案)和礦柱間錨桿加強(qiáng)支護(hù)的試驗(yàn)。通過以上研究,得出以下結(jié)論,1)巷道開挖中必須進(jìn)行支護(hù)。2)采用襯砌結(jié)構(gòu)能有效的維護(hù)巷道的穩(wěn)定性。考慮巷道的服務(wù)年限,選用襯砌厚度為10cm的支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)能滿足巷道穩(wěn)定性的要求。3)采用上述錨桿支護(hù)的方式,錨桿的強(qiáng)度均有富余,均不會發(fā)生拉伸破壞,能有效的維護(hù)巷道的穩(wěn)定性。考慮巷道的服務(wù)年限,選用直徑為22mm、長度為1.5m、排距為2.0m的錨桿支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)能滿足巷道穩(wěn)定性的要求。4)為了提高出礦率,減少礦產(chǎn)資源損失,建議采用礦柱間距8m×8m,礦柱間頂板上設(shè)置縫管錨桿支護(hù)方式進(jìn)行回采,錨桿的長度為1.5m,以2m×2m的網(wǎng)度進(jìn)行布設(shè),基本保持完好,不會發(fā)生大規(guī)模破壞。上述研究成果和與有色冶金類似礦山類比,推薦以全面采礦法為主,條式進(jìn)路法為輔的采礦方法適應(yīng)本礦床開采,研究的采礦方法是安全可靠的。
[Abstract]:At present, the discovered and potential sandstone-type uranium resources in China are large, but the development technology is limited. In order to realize the development and utilization of sandstone-type uranium deposits in China, the basic theory and applied technology should be studied. The type of industrial uranium mineralization in a sandstone-type uranium deposit is interlayer oxidation zone type. Due to the characteristics of ore hardness, cementation degree and depth of burial, this type of sandstone-type uranium deposit is not suitable for exploitation by land leaching mining technology. The research in this paper provides technical support for the proven sandstone-type uranium resources in conventional underground mining, and improves the mining technology level. In the research of the subject, the mining method research mainly combines the deposit occurrence characteristic, carries on the mechanical physical mechanics parameter test to the core sample, after obtains the parameter carries on the sandstone, Numerical simulation test of excavation deformation of mudstone and roof deformation of stope. Numerical simulation of roadway deformation shows that the maximum displacement of surrounding rock is located at the top of the roadway, the maximum vertical stress is located at the bottom corner of the arch shoulder and the vertical wall of the roadway, and the maximum principal stress is located at the bottom corner of the arch shoulder and the vertical wall of the roadway. The minimum principal stress is located at the two bottom corners of the straight wall of the roadway, the values of which are 1.3979 cm / m ~ (-1) 46.973 MPA and 9.788 7 MPA respectively, and the shear failure occurs in the surrounding rock at the top of the roadway. In order to ensure the safety of roadway excavation and use, numerical simulation tests of lining support and bolting support were carried out. The simulation results show that the vertical displacement, vertical stress, maximum and minimum principal stress of surrounding rock of roadway are reduced compared with those without lining support, and decrease with the increase of lining thickness. However, the vertical displacement of lining structure is smaller, the vertical stress is much lower than its compressive strength, and shear failure will not occur. Numerical simulation test on roof stability of stope is carried out in which there are three schemes of reserved pillar (6 m 脳 6 m ~ 7 m 脳 7 m 脳 8 m) and bolting reinforcement between pillars. Based on the above study, the following conclusions are drawn: 1) the roadway stability can be effectively maintained by adopting the lining structure, which must be supported in the excavation of the roadway. Considering the service life of roadway, the support structure with lining thickness of 10cm can meet the requirement of roadway stability. Can effectively maintain the stability of the roadway. Considering the service life of roadway, the bolting structure with diameter of 22mm, length of 1.5m and row distance of 2.0m can meet the requirement of roadway stability. It is suggested to adopt the pillar spacing of 8m 脳 8m, the roof of the pillar is supported by jointed pipe bolting, the length of the bolt is 1.5m, and the bolt is arranged with a mesh of 2m 脳 2m, which is basically in good condition and will not be destroyed on a large scale. The above research results and the analogy with similar mines of non-ferrous metallurgy recommend that the mining method which is based on comprehensive mining method and supplemented by strip approach method is suitable for the mining of this deposit, and the mining method studied is safe and reliable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD353

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