發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-25 21:29

  本文選題：動(dòng)力學(xué) + 稀土礦��； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：稀土是國家重要戰(zhàn)略資源,全球稀土資源開發(fā)進(jìn)入第三時(shí)期以來,優(yōu)質(zhì)資源被大量開采,富礦越來越少。隨著稀土全球市場(chǎng)的不斷壯大,開發(fā)稀土礦泥、伴生稀土礦等難利用稀土資源成為保障我國稀土話語權(quán)和緩解全球稀土供應(yīng)壓力的重要舉措。試驗(yàn)礦樣為稀土礦經(jīng)分級(jí)脫泥之后得到的礦泥,針對(duì)礦泥的特點(diǎn),在工藝礦物學(xué)研究結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)行了物理選礦法和化學(xué)選礦法回收稀土礦泥中稀土的探索性試驗(yàn),探討了浸出動(dòng)力學(xué)關(guān)鍵因素浸出溫度、硫酸濃度、攪拌強(qiáng)度對(duì)稀土浸出速率和浸出率的影響,并計(jì)算浸出動(dòng)力學(xué)方程,同時(shí),對(duì)液固比、浸出時(shí)間等參數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。工藝礦物學(xué)研究得出試驗(yàn)礦樣REO品位為7.23%,-5μm粒級(jí)品位為7.34%,產(chǎn)率和分配率均約為85%。礦物型稀土以氟碳鈰礦為主,含有離子型稀土,脈石礦物以土狀赤鐵礦-纖磷鈣鋁石等粘土類混合物為主,且有59%的稀土賦存其中。探索性試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,硫酸浸出是從該類稀土礦泥中回收稀土的較佳工藝。浸出動(dòng)力學(xué)研究以氟碳鈰礦在硫酸體系下浸出稀土為切入點(diǎn),根據(jù)溫度對(duì)稀土礦泥中稀土浸出率的影響由Arrhenius方程求得E稀土礦泥=52.53kJ/mol,同時(shí)聯(lián)合硫酸濃度和攪拌強(qiáng)度對(duì)稀土礦泥中稀土浸出率的影響,求得在硫酸體系下浸出稀土的動(dòng)力學(xué)方程為:1-(1-α)~(1/3) = 1.34038×10~(-9)T~(2.81736)C~(0.52017)W~(0.36069)t溫度、硫酸濃度和攪拌強(qiáng)度三個(gè)參數(shù)是提高浸出速率與浸出率的關(guān)鍵,其中溫度對(duì)稀土浸出的影響最大。在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)浸出過程進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,進(jìn)而得出了稀土礦泥浸出的最佳條件:浸出溫度90℃,硫酸濃度7.5mol/L,攪拌強(qiáng)度400rpm,液固比5:1,輔助浸出劑硫酸銨濃度0.25mol/L,浸出時(shí)間45min。在最優(yōu)工藝條件下,進(jìn)行了穩(wěn)定性驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn),取得稀土浸出率為91.606%,浸出渣REO品位為1.274%的較優(yōu)指標(biāo),實(shí)現(xiàn)了該礦泥中稀土資源的高效回收。
[Abstract]:Rare earth is an important national strategic resource. Since the development of rare earth resources in the world has entered the third period, high quality resources have been exploited in large quantities, and rich minerals are becoming less and less. With the development of the global market of rare earths, the development of rare earth mud and associated rare earth resources has become an important measure to protect the right of speaking of rare earths in China and ease the pressure of global rare earth supply. According to the characteristics of ore slime, based on the research results of process mineralogy, an exploratory experiment was carried out to recover rare earths from rare earth slime by physical and chemical ore dressing. The effects of leaching temperature, sulfuric acid concentration and stirring intensity on the leaching rate and leaching rate of rare earths were discussed. The leaching kinetics equation was calculated. At the same time, the parameters such as liquid-solid ratio and leaching time were optimized. Process mineralogy studies show that the REO grade of the test ore sample is 7.23 渭 m and 7.34, and the yield and distribution rate are about 85%. The mineral rare earths are mainly fluorocarbon-cerium ores, containing ionic rare earths, and gangue minerals are mainly clay mixtures such as earthen hematite and fibronecaluminite, among which 59% of them occur. The result of exploratory test shows that sulfuric acid leaching is a better process for recovering rare earth from this kind of rare earth slime. Leaching kinetics study is based on the leaching of rare earths in sulfuric acid system with fluorocarbon cerium ore as the starting point. According to the influence of temperature on rare earth leaching rate in rare earth slime, the effects of E rare earth mud 52.53kJ / mol, combined with sulfuric acid concentration and stirring strength, on rare earth leaching rate in rare earth slime were obtained by Arrhenius equation. The kinetic equation of rare earth leaching in sulfuric acid system is: 1: 1- (1- 偽) ~ (1 / 3) = 1.34038 脳 10 ~ (-9) T ~ (2.81736) C ~ (0.52017) W ~ (0.36069) t temperature. The three parameters of sulfuric acid concentration and stirring strength are the key factors to improve the leaching rate and leaching rate. On this basis, the leaching process was optimized, and the optimum leaching conditions were obtained as follows: leaching temperature 90 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2067559