本文選題：鈣鎂質(zhì)磷礦 + 反浮選�。� 參考：《貴州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：氟磷灰石屬微溶性鹽類礦物,其浮選除易受到自身溶解晶格離子的影響外,還會被同一浮選體系中其它鹽類礦物溶解組分影響。此外,由于脂肪酸類捕收劑選擇性差,對浮選中溶解離子敏感。因此,系統(tǒng)地研究復(fù)雜離子對磷礦浮選的影響,對選礦廠開展有針對性的廢水處理及回水清潔利用具有重要的意義。本文以貴州地區(qū)兩個有代表性的磷礦樣為研究對象,通過浮選條件試驗確定了合適的浮選工藝;利用單因素試驗和正交試驗考察復(fù)雜離子對磷礦反浮選指標(biāo)的影響,并確定有害離子影響浮選指標(biāo)的最低離子濃度;通過溶液化學(xué)計算、XRD分析、SEM分析以及表面張力測定研究復(fù)雜離子影響反浮選指標(biāo)的作用機理。試驗選取的兩個磷礦樣中有用礦物均為氟磷灰石、脈石礦物主要為白云石并含少量石英1#磷礦樣中P2O5、Mg O和Si O2品位分別為28.72%、5.78%和2.11%,2#磷礦樣中P2O5、Mg O和Si O2品位分別為22.67%、7.58%和4.30%。針對1#磷礦樣,試驗確定合適的磨礦細度為-75μm占80.67%,H2SO4和捕收劑用量分別為14 kg/t和0.6 kg/t。在此條件下,獲得的精礦P2O5品位和回收率分別為35.82%和95.43%,Mg O品位為1.05%。對于2#磷礦樣,試驗確定合適的磨礦細度為-75μm占70.76%,H2SO4和捕收劑用量分別為18 kg/t和0.8 kg/t。在此條件下,獲得的浮選指標(biāo)為精礦P2O5品位33.81%、P2O5回收率87.16%、Mg O 1.20%、Si O2 5.48%、Al2O3 0.63%、Fe2O3 1.10%。將精礦濾液返回浮選后,隨著濾液循環(huán)次數(shù)的增加,回水中Ca2+、Mg2+、SO42-、TP和F-濃度逐漸增加,存在離子“積累效應(yīng)”;同時回水利用會對浮選指標(biāo)產(chǎn)生影響,尤其是對精礦P2O5回收率。單一離子體系下,回水中Ca2+和Mg2+會降低精礦P2O5品位并提高精礦Mg O品位。SO42-對磷礦反浮選指標(biāo)的影響較大,尤其是對精礦P2O5回收率。Ca2+和SO42-對2#磷礦樣浮選的影響大于1#磷礦樣。PO43-和F-對浮選指標(biāo)影響較小。Ca2+、Mg2+、SO42-和PO43-對精礦Si O2、Fe2O3和Al2O3品位影響較小。為了降低有害離子對浮選指標(biāo)的影響,1#磷礦樣浮選回水中Ca2+、Mg2+和SO42-濃度應(yīng)分別控制在1610 mg/L、550 mg/L和5500 mg/L以內(nèi)。2#磷礦樣浮選回水中Ca2+、Mg2+和SO42-濃度應(yīng)分別控制在1640 mg/L、600 mg/L和4800 mg/L以內(nèi)。浮選溶液化學(xué)計算表明:在礦漿p H為3~4時,難免離子主要以Ca2+、Mg2+和H2PO4-的形式存在。捕收劑GJBW主要以可溶的RCOOH分子形式存在,在白云石表面產(chǎn)生分子吸附。Ca2+和Mg2+能沉淀解離的RCOO-,降低捕收劑的有效濃度,且Ca2+對捕收劑的沉淀作用強于Mg2+,導(dǎo)致Ca2+對精礦P2O5品位影響大于Mg2+。SO42-能與Ca2+相互作用生成硫酸鈣沉淀,XRD分析和SEM分析均表明硫酸鈣能沉淀在氟磷灰石表面。硫酸鈣的吸附會增強氟磷灰石的可浮性,導(dǎo)致氟磷灰石隨白云石一起浮出,進而降低精礦P2O5回收率。此外,SO42-的加入會增加GJBW溶液的表面張力,進而影響浮選指標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:Fluoroapatite is a kind of micro-soluble salt mineral, its flotation is easy to be affected not only by self-dissolved lattice ions, but also by other salt mineral dissolved components in the same flotation system. Moreover, because of the poor selectivity of fatty acid collectors, they are sensitive to dissolved ions in flotation. Therefore, it is of great significance to systematically study the influence of complex ions on flotation of phosphate ore, and to carry out targeted wastewater treatment and clean utilization of backwater in the concentrator. In this paper, two representative phosphate rock samples in Guizhou area are taken as the research object, the suitable flotation process is determined by flotation condition test, and the influence of complex ions on the reverse flotation index of phosphate rock is investigated by single factor test and orthogonal test. The minimum concentration of harmful ions affecting flotation index was determined, and the mechanism of complex ions affecting the index of reverse flotation was studied by XRD analysis and surface tension measurement. The useful minerals in the two phosphate samples selected in the experiment are fluorophosphatite, the gangue minerals are mainly dolomite and the grade of P _ 2O _ 5, mg _ O and Sio _ 2 in the sample containing a small amount of quartz 1# is 28.72% and 5.78%, respectively, and the grade of P _ 2O _ 5, mg _ O and Sio _ 2 in the phosphate rock sample is 22.677.58% and 4.30%, respectively. For the sample of Phosphate, the suitable grinding fineness of -75 渭 m was 80.67% and the dosage of H _ 2SO _ 4 and collector were 14 kg/t and 0.6 kg / t, respectively. Under these conditions, the grade and recovery of P _ 2O _ 5 are 35.82% and 95.43% respectively. For phosphorus ore sample of 2#, the suitable grinding fineness is -75 渭 m (-75 渭 m) and the amount of H _ 2SO _ 4 and collector is 18 kg/t and 0.8 kg / t, respectively. Under these conditions, the flotation index obtained is as follows: the grade of P _ 2O _ 5 is 33.81% and the recovery rate of P _ 2O _ 5 is 87.16%, and the MgO _ (1.20) and Sio _ 2 _ (5) O _ (2) 5. 48% Al _ 2O _ 3 0.63 and Fe _ 2O _ 3 1.10 can be added. After the concentrate filtrate is returned to flotation, the concentration of Ca 2 + mg 2 so 4 2-N TP and F-in the return water increases gradually with the increase of the times of circulation of the filtrate, and the ion "accumulation effect" exists, and the recovery rate of P 2O 5 is affected by the reuse of water. In the system of single ion, Ca 2 and mg 2 can decrease the grade of P _ 2O _ 5 and increase the mg _ O grade of concentrate. So _ 42- has a great influence on the index of reverse flotation of phosphate ore. In particular, the effects of P _ 2O _ 5 recovery, Ca ~ (2 +) and so _ (4) _ (2-) on flotation of phosphorus ore samples are greater than those of 1# phosphate samples. The effect of Ca ~ (2 +) mg _ (2) so _ (4-) and PO _ (43)-on the flotation index is smaller than that on the grade of Fe _ 2O _ 3 and Al _ 2O _ 3 in concentrate Sio _ 2O _ 2O _ 2O _ 3 and Al _ 2O _ 3. In order to reduce the effect of harmful ions on flotation index, the concentration of Ca2 + Mg2 and SO42- in flotation water of phosphate rock samples should be controlled within 1610 mg / L 550mg / L and 5500 mg / L respectively. The concentration of Ca2 + Mg2 and SO42- should be controlled within 1640 mg / L 600 mg / L and 4800 mg / L respectively. The chemical calculation of flotation solution shows that when pH is 3 ~ 4, the inevitable ions mainly exist in the form of Ca2 + Mg2 and H2PO4-. The collector GJBW mainly exists in the form of soluble RCOOH molecule. The adsorbed. Ca 2 and mg 2 can precipitate dissociate RCOO-on the surface of dolomite, which can reduce the effective concentration of collector, and the precipitation effect of Ca 2 on the collector is stronger than that of mg 2. As a result, the effect of Ca 2 on the grade of P _ 2O _ 5 is greater than that of mg _ 2 路so _ 42- and Ca ~ (2 +) to form calcium sulfate precipitate. XRD analysis and SEM analysis show that calcium sulfate can precipitate on the surface of fluoroapatite. The adsorption of calcium sulfate will enhance the floatability of fluoroapatite and lead to the floatation of fluoroapatite with dolomite, thus reducing the recovery rate of P _ 2O _ 5 in concentrate. In addition, the addition of so _ 4 _ 2- can increase the surface tension of GJBW solution, and then affect the flotation index.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD97

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

1 李冬蓮;秦芳;張亞東;;Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、SO_4~(2-)、PO_4~(3-)對晉寧磷礦浮選的影響[J];非金屬礦;2013年01期

2 楊敖,楊利萍;磷礦的選礦[J];礦產(chǎn)綜合利用;1997年06期

3 張帆;管俊芳;李小帆;程飛飛;;磷礦選礦工藝和藥劑的研究現(xiàn)狀[J];中國非金屬礦工業(yè)導(dǎo)刊;2014年04期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 周杰強;低品位膠磷礦浮選試驗研究[D];廣西大學(xué);2007年

，

本文編號：2062486