本文選題：過濾脫水 + 壓濾機(jī)　； 參考：《江西理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：選礦精礦的過濾脫水是選礦廠的一個十分重要的環(huán)節(jié)。以往,選礦廠主要采用真空過濾方法進(jìn)行礦物的過濾。但隨著復(fù)雜難選和低品位礦物越來越多,選礦精礦變得越來越細(xì)而黏,真空過濾機(jī)由于受到大氣壓的限制往往難以處理細(xì)而黏的物料。而壓濾機(jī)由于可以提供數(shù)倍于大氣壓的過濾推動力,能夠很好地勝任細(xì)而黏物料的過濾,所以,近年來壓濾機(jī)被越來越廣泛地應(yīng)用在選礦精礦中的過濾。壓濾機(jī)的脫水過程一般包括“進(jìn)漿成餅、壓榨和風(fēng)干”三個過程。濾板進(jìn)料方式的不同直接影響到進(jìn)漿成餅過程的效率和對濾板的磨損程度等,而壓濾機(jī)的進(jìn)料方式一般有上部進(jìn)料、下部進(jìn)料和中部進(jìn)料三種。本文利用計算流體力學(xué)(CFD)原理,通過建立不同進(jìn)料方式的壓濾CFD建模,對三種進(jìn)料方式進(jìn)行了仿真研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)上部進(jìn)料方式更利于形成均勻濾餅,濾布更不容易磨損,且濾板受壓更為均勻,成餅速率最高。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文還利用建立的上部進(jìn)料方式(單面過濾)的CFD模型對壓濾的成餅過程進(jìn)行了仿真研究,研究得出每種礦物的壓濾脫水存在一個最佳的濾餅厚度,當(dāng)壓濾機(jī)的濾餅厚度控制在此濾餅厚度時,壓濾機(jī)的單位時間處理量可以達(dá)到最大,作業(yè)效率最高,壓濾機(jī)脫水工作運(yùn)行在最優(yōu)狀態(tài)。除此外,本文還對“壓榨、風(fēng)干及進(jìn)漿工藝”等三個因素對脫水效率的影響進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步的研究,提出進(jìn)漿過濾成餅時,提供的進(jìn)漿壓力應(yīng)從低壓逐漸升至高壓,同時存在一個合理的壓榨時間和風(fēng)干時間。在以上研究的基礎(chǔ)上,通過利用北京礦冶研究總院與云南省云天化集團(tuán)�？诹椎V在該礦選礦廠建立的工業(yè)壓濾試驗系統(tǒng),進(jìn)行了試驗驗證研究,通過采集工業(yè)試驗數(shù)據(jù)并對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了分析,分析結(jié)果驗證了最佳濾餅厚度的存在,并獲得了該系統(tǒng)的最佳濾餅厚度的數(shù)值。此外還對壓榨時間和風(fēng)干時間的合理數(shù)值進(jìn)行了試驗研究。在以上研究的基礎(chǔ)上,本文還提出了使壓濾機(jī)工作在最佳濾餅厚度的幾種工業(yè)控制實現(xiàn)方案。如:壓力控制法、時間控制法、流量控制法等。并對不同進(jìn)料方式、壓榨時間、風(fēng)干時間和進(jìn)漿工藝的優(yōu)化結(jié)果在工業(yè)壓濾中的應(yīng)用,提出了一些建議和優(yōu)化方案。總之,本文通過研究建立壓濾成餅的CFD模型,對壓濾脫水過程進(jìn)行了模擬仿真,提出了壓濾機(jī)脫水過程的優(yōu)化方向,并通過工業(yè)試驗研究對CFD建模仿真研究的結(jié)論進(jìn)行了試驗驗證,并提出了幾種工業(yè)可實施的優(yōu)化控制方案。對工業(yè)壓濾機(jī)的設(shè)計及脫水過程的優(yōu)化具有一定的積極意義。
[Abstract]:Filtration and dehydration of concentrate is a very important link in concentrator. In the past, mineral processing plants mainly used vacuum filtration method to filter minerals. However, with the increasing number of complex refractory and low-grade minerals, the concentrate becomes more and more fine and sticky, and the vacuum filter is often difficult to deal with fine and sticky materials because of the atmospheric pressure constraints. Because the filter press can provide several times the pressure of the filter driving force, it can be used for the filtration of fine and sticky materials, so in recent years, the filter press has been more and more widely used in the filtration of concentrate. The dehydration process of filter press generally includes three processes: cake, press and air drying. The different feed ways of filter plate have direct influence on the efficiency and wear degree of the cake making process, while the feed mode of filter press generally includes three kinds of feed: upper feed, lower feed and middle feed. Based on the principle of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and the modeling of pressure filter CFD with different feeding methods, three feeding methods are simulated in this paper. It is found that the upper feeding method is more conducive to the formation of uniform filter cake, and the filter cloth is less easy to wear. The filter plate is more evenly pressed and the rate of cake formation is the highest. On this basis, the cake forming process of pressure filtration is simulated by using the CFD model of the upper feed (single side filtration). The results show that there is an optimum filter cake thickness for each mineral. When the filter cake thickness of filter press is controlled at the filter cake thickness, the processing capacity per unit time of filter press can reach the maximum, the working efficiency is the highest, and the dehydration operation of filter press is in the optimal state. In addition, the effects of three factors, namely press, air drying and pulp feeding, on the dehydration efficiency are further studied. It is suggested that the feed pressure should be increased gradually from low pressure to high pressure when the pulp is filtered into cake. At the same time, there is a reasonable press time and air drying time. On the basis of the above research, the industrial pressure filtration test system established by Beijing General Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Research and Yunnan Yuntianhua Group Haikou Phosphate Mine in the concentrator of this mine has been tested and verified. By collecting and analyzing the industrial test data, the results verify the existence of the optimum filter cake thickness, and obtain the value of the optimal filter cake thickness of the system. In addition, the reasonable values of press time and air drying time were studied experimentally. On the basis of the above research, this paper also puts forward several industrial control schemes to make the filter press work in the optimum filter cake thickness. For example: the pressure control method, the time control method, the flow control method and so on. Some suggestions and optimization schemes are put forward for the application of the optimization results of different feed ways, press time, air drying time and pulping process in industrial pressure filtration. In a word, the CFD model of pressure filter cake is established, the process of pressure filter dehydration is simulated, and the optimization direction of pressure filter process is put forward. The conclusion of CFD modeling and simulation is verified by industrial experiment and several industrial optimal control schemes are put forward. It has certain positive significance for the design of industrial filter press and the optimization of dehydration process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD462.2

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