發(fā)布時間：2018-06-08 18:27

  本文選題：再造承載層 + 承載復合體　； 參考：《河南理工大學》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著礦井開采深度的增加,巷道圍巖變形增大,控制難度加劇,如何有效控制巷道圍巖變形已成為實現(xiàn)礦井高產(chǎn)高效開采的關鍵問題之一。針對深井大變形巷道,提出了再造承載層支護理念,即通過再造承載層(改善巷道周邊一定范圍內(nèi)巖層的力學性能)來產(chǎn)生利于巷道穩(wěn)定的大環(huán)境,再輔以基本支護改善其小環(huán)境以達到控制巷道圍巖變形的目的。運用理論分析、相似材料模擬試驗與數(shù)值模擬等手段,對再造承載層的合理參數(shù)、控制機理、實現(xiàn)方法進行研究。對一系列承載復合體進行了單軸壓縮實驗,得到了承載層各因素與承載復合體強度之間的關系,其中,當承載層厚度占承載復合體厚度的60%~70%以上時,承載復合體強度趨向于承載層的強度。運用摩爾強度理論以及能量轉(zhuǎn)換角度解釋承載復合體的強度規(guī)律。將單軸壓縮試驗結(jié)果與彈塑性力學相結(jié)合,分析再造承載層巷道圍巖的塑性區(qū)及表面位移,得到承載層的合理長度應與塑性區(qū)半徑相同,承載層的厚度在條件允許的情況下應盡可能的增大。通過正交數(shù)值模擬試驗,分析巷道塑性區(qū)體積及表面位移對承載層因素的敏感度。當承載層在兩幫時,分析兩幫垂直應力得出:隨著承載厚度的增加,幫部淺部應力提高,深部應力降低,兩幫的受力均勻化;隨著承載層長度增加,峰值應力不斷減小,峰值位置向深部轉(zhuǎn)移。承載層厚度合理值為巷道高度的3/4,合理長度應與原巖巷道的幫部塑性區(qū)長度相近。提出了承載層的實現(xiàn)方法即兩幫安設鋼管并注漿,其中形成的鋼管混凝土樁同時具有梁與錨桿的作用。巷道兩幫再造承載層的相似材料試驗表明:再造承載層支護巷道與裸巷相比,頂板與兩幫的破壞范圍可以有效減少,但不能減緩底臌現(xiàn)象,反而令底鼓量明顯增大,采用再造承載層與基本支護聯(lián)合支護后,可以全面減小巷道圍巖的破壞范圍。巷道兩幫再造承載層通過提高幫部承載力,使其所受垂直應力均勻化,能夠減小巷道圍巖位移及塑性區(qū)分布,是對深井巷道圍巖控制的一種新嘗試。
[Abstract]:With the increase of mine mining depth, the surrounding rock deformation of roadway increases and the control difficulty intensifies. How to effectively control the surrounding rock deformation of roadway has become one of the key problems to realize high yield and high efficiency mining. Aiming at deep mine roadway with large deformation, this paper puts forward the idea of reconstructing bearing layer support, that is, by reconstructing bearing layer (improving the mechanical properties of rock layer in a certain range around the roadway) to produce a large environment conducive to the stability of roadway. In order to control the surrounding rock deformation of roadway, the basic support is used to improve the small environment. By means of theoretical analysis, simulation test of similar materials and numerical simulation, the reasonable parameters, control mechanism and realization method of the reconstituted bearing layer are studied. Uniaxial compression experiments were carried out on a series of load-bearing complexes, and the relationship between the factors of bearing layer and the strength of load-bearing complex was obtained, in which, when the thickness of bearing layer accounted for more than 60% of the thickness of load-bearing complex, The strength of bearing complex tends to the strength of bearing layer. Molar strength theory and energy conversion angle are used to explain the strength law of bearing complex. Combining the results of uniaxial compression test with elastoplastic mechanics, the plastic zone and surface displacement of surrounding rock of roadway in reconstructing bearing layer are analyzed. The reasonable length of bearing layer should be the same as the radius of plastic zone. The thickness of the bearing layer should be as large as possible when conditions permit. The sensitivity of the plastic zone volume and surface displacement of roadway to the factors of bearing layer is analyzed by orthogonal numerical simulation test. When the bearing layer is in the two sides, the vertical stress of the two sides is analyzed. It is concluded that with the increase of the bearing thickness, the shallow stress increases, the deep stress decreases, and the stress of the two sides is uniform, and the peak stress decreases with the increase of the bearing layer length. The peak value is transferred to the deep. The reasonable value of bearing layer thickness is 3 / 4 of the height of roadway, and the reasonable length should be close to the plastic zone length of the original rock roadway. The realization method of bearing layer is put forward, that is, two bars of steel pipe are installed and grouting, in which the concrete filled steel tube pile has the function of both beam and anchor rod at the same time. The test of similar materials for the two reclaimed bearing layers of roadway shows that compared with bare roadway, the damaged range of roof and two bars can be reduced effectively, but the phenomenon of floor heave can not be alleviated, but the amount of floor heave is obviously increased. The failure range of surrounding rock of roadway can be reduced by using combined support of reconstituted bearing layer and basic support. It is a new attempt to control the surrounding rock of deep roadway by improving the bearing capacity of roadway and homogenizing the vertical stress which can reduce the displacement of roadway surrounding rock and the distribution of plastic zone.
【學位授予單位】：河南理工大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD353

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本文編號：1996756