本文選題：錯(cuò)層位 + 無(wú)煤柱��； 參考：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)(北京)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：論文針對(duì)錯(cuò)層位開(kāi)采覆巖采動(dòng)裂隙的生成與發(fā)育、被保護(hù)層的卸壓效果及煤與瓦斯共采技術(shù)體系的建立與回采工藝的優(yōu)化展開(kāi)研究,采用理論分析、數(shù)值模擬、相似模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)以及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)等內(nèi)容綜合展開(kāi)。首先,對(duì)厚煤層一次全高開(kāi)采以及錯(cuò)層位單個(gè)工作面開(kāi)采覆巖穩(wěn)定與破壞展開(kāi)研究,取得如下主要研究結(jié)論：(1)工作面回采對(duì)上覆巖層破壞高度是關(guān)系到瓦斯抽采的關(guān)鍵間題,因此首先對(duì)厚煤層一次全高開(kāi)采覆巖的破壞高度進(jìn)行確定,提出了基于關(guān)鍵層理論的覆巖三帶劃分方法,并對(duì)實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行計(jì)算,通過(guò)與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)成果進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,認(rèn)為新方法的判定結(jié)果更接近實(shí)測(cè)值。(2)在確定一次全高開(kāi)采覆巖三帶劃分的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)錯(cuò)層位無(wú)煤柱開(kāi)采多個(gè)搭接工作面體現(xiàn)出單一超長(zhǎng)工作面的特點(diǎn),首次提出錯(cuò)層位無(wú)煤柱搭接工作面覆巖三帶劃分的方法。(3)對(duì)于工作面開(kāi)采傾斜方向覆巖采動(dòng)裂隙的生成研究,首先采用破斷梁理論進(jìn)行,將首采工作面傾斜方向覆巖視為兩端固支梁,給出了固支端的彎矩表達(dá)式以及破斷準(zhǔn)則,并認(rèn)為工作面傾斜方向兩端覆巖采動(dòng)裂隙的高度基本相同,其內(nèi)部任意一點(diǎn)應(yīng)力表達(dá)式為：σ=Mh//J7/q/12(6Lx-6x2-L2)h'/J7并給出生成裂隙的準(zhǔn)則為：6x2-6Lx+L2+/2(σ-X)h2/qtgφ≤0由于首采工作面沿傾斜方向兩端均處于固支,因此認(rèn)為首采工作面兩端出現(xiàn)裂隙高度相同且基本對(duì)稱(chēng)。當(dāng)開(kāi)采錯(cuò)層位內(nèi)錯(cuò)式無(wú)煤柱接續(xù)工作面時(shí),由于兩工作面之間無(wú)煤柱,巖梁相當(dāng)于處于一端固支、一端懸臂的狀態(tài),其內(nèi)部應(yīng)力為：σ=3ql2/h2(l/h+3ql4/2Eh4-1)得到頂板出現(xiàn)裂隙的準(zhǔn)則為：3ql2/h(l/h+3ql4/2Eh4-1)≥(σ-C)ctgφ在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步給出頂板產(chǎn)生裂隙的位置,即巖層出現(xiàn)位移S,且S滿足：S=hε=3ql2/Eh(l/h+3ql4/2Eh4-1)為了進(jìn)一步反映隨著工作面采動(dòng)對(duì)覆巖穩(wěn)定性的影響及裂隙的發(fā)育特點(diǎn),采用彈性薄板力學(xué)模型重點(diǎn)對(duì)工作面兩側(cè)進(jìn)行建模,分析其內(nèi)部的應(yīng)力與尺寸對(duì)裂隙發(fā)育的影響,得到如下結(jié)論：(1)首采工作面兩側(cè)實(shí)體煤側(cè)對(duì)稱(chēng)出現(xiàn)裂隙,且應(yīng)力大小基本相同,頂板初次斷裂前兩側(cè)最大應(yīng)力為：σ=-0.3qa2/h2相應(yīng)的出現(xiàn)裂隙的工作面回采參數(shù)為：頂板發(fā)生斷裂后,沿工作面傾向兩側(cè)最大應(yīng)力為：σ=0.3378qa2/h2相應(yīng)的出現(xiàn)裂隙的工作面回采參數(shù)為：基本頂發(fā)生斷裂前后應(yīng)力出現(xiàn)較小的變化,認(rèn)為工作面傾斜方向兩側(cè)環(huán)形裂隙發(fā)育變化不大,當(dāng)接續(xù)工作面開(kāi)采后,由于兩工作面之間無(wú)煤柱搭接,因此搭接處上方頂板不再出現(xiàn)新的裂隙,且隨著上覆巖層的壓實(shí),部分裂隙會(huì)閉合,兩個(gè)工作面體現(xiàn)單一工作面的特點(diǎn),即在形成搭接的多個(gè)工作面的兩側(cè)出現(xiàn)裂隙區(qū),其應(yīng)力分布為：σ=1.854qa2/h2相應(yīng)的出現(xiàn)裂隙的工作面回采參數(shù)為：接續(xù)工作面的基本頂發(fā)生初次斷裂后,其應(yīng)力分布為：σ=1.962qa2/h2相應(yīng)的出現(xiàn)裂隙的工作面回采參數(shù)為：對(duì)比兩工作面發(fā)現(xiàn),接續(xù)工作面開(kāi)采后,靠實(shí)體煤一側(cè)的應(yīng)力是首采工作面的6倍,因此認(rèn)為錯(cuò)層位開(kāi)采首采工作面與傳統(tǒng)采煤方法相同,而由于取消區(qū)段護(hù)巷煤柱,接續(xù)工作面靠實(shí)體煤一側(cè)的應(yīng)力大,因此裂隙發(fā)育更加充分。(2)進(jìn)一步對(duì)采場(chǎng)橫向裂隙的發(fā)育規(guī)律展開(kāi)研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)首采工作面開(kāi)采期間,覆巖垮落壓實(shí),形成“O”型圈,接續(xù)工作面開(kāi)采期間,由于無(wú)煤柱,覆巖垮落帶與首采工作面形成一個(gè)整體,且隨著工作面開(kāi)采范圍的增加而逐漸增大,整個(gè)采空區(qū)的形態(tài)表現(xiàn)為“O-L-O”型。在前述研究基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步對(duì)留煤柱與無(wú)煤柱開(kāi)采保護(hù)層對(duì)被保護(hù)層的卸壓效果進(jìn)行研究,得到如下研究結(jié)論：(1)傳統(tǒng)留煤柱護(hù)巷開(kāi)采保護(hù)層,煤柱尺寸直接影響到與保護(hù)層對(duì)應(yīng)的被保護(hù)層區(qū)域,煤柱中部存在原巖應(yīng)力區(qū)的前提下,被保護(hù)層相應(yīng)存在四個(gè)區(qū)：原巖應(yīng)力區(qū)、應(yīng)力增高區(qū)、部分卸壓區(qū)及充分卸壓區(qū)。(2)在采用錯(cuò)層位巷道布置開(kāi)采保護(hù)層,由于相鄰工作面之間實(shí)現(xiàn)完全無(wú)煤柱搭接,因此多個(gè)相鄰工作面體現(xiàn)出單一工作面特點(diǎn),被保護(hù)層中相應(yīng)位置僅僅存在充分卸壓區(qū),且被保護(hù)層經(jīng)歷多次采動(dòng)影響,卸壓更充分。(3)進(jìn)一步結(jié)合留煤柱護(hù)巷開(kāi)采保護(hù)層,借鑒突變理論對(duì)留煤柱巷煤柱的合理尺寸進(jìn)行公式推導(dǎo),認(rèn)為當(dāng)留設(shè)煤柱的屈服區(qū)超過(guò)煤柱的88%就會(huì)有發(fā)生突變的可能性,在此,從實(shí)現(xiàn)被保護(hù)層充分卸壓的角度出發(fā),確定留設(shè)煤柱發(fā)生突變、破壞對(duì)于被保護(hù)層的連續(xù)、充分卸壓有利,給出煤柱留設(shè)的合理尺寸為：a=[25mξ/22flnfR+kt/kt[1+f(1/ξ-1)ctgφ]|煤柱發(fā)生失穩(wěn)的相應(yīng)時(shí)間為：t=η/ElnE+λKdHaL=25mξL/22flnfR+kt/kt[1+f(1/ξ-1)ctgφ]η/ElnE+λ/Kdm工作面的推進(jìn)速度需要滿足：v≥÷22fE/25mξη/lnfR+kt/kt[1+f(1/ξ-1)ctgφl(shuí)nE+λ/Kdm在此基礎(chǔ)上,確定相應(yīng)的開(kāi)采順序依次為：工作面1→工作面4→工作面2→工作面5→工作面3,相應(yīng)的卸壓區(qū)域包括在保護(hù)層開(kāi)采工作面1時(shí),被保護(hù)層僅僅形成卸壓區(qū)域1,當(dāng)保護(hù)層開(kāi)采完工作面4與開(kāi)采完工作面2后,形成卸壓區(qū)域2,當(dāng)保護(hù)層開(kāi)采工作面5時(shí),由于保護(hù)層工作面1與工作面2之間的煤柱發(fā)生破壞,在被保護(hù)層中形成卸壓區(qū)域1-2。同理,在開(kāi)采完保護(hù)層工作面3,將會(huì)形成被保護(hù)層卸壓區(qū)域1-2-3,這樣,考慮保護(hù)層工作面4與保護(hù)層工作面5的卸壓效果,將在被保護(hù)層形成連續(xù)卸壓區(qū)域。相應(yīng)的保護(hù)范圍,與傳統(tǒng)護(hù)巷煤柱向比,充分卸壓區(qū)域隨著保護(hù)層工作面1的開(kāi)采,被保護(hù)層的卸壓范圍由1'=L-2hctg6增加到保護(hù)層工作面2開(kāi)采后的1"=2L+a-2hctgδ。(4)如采用錯(cuò)層位開(kāi)采,與留煤柱相比,第一,可提高回采率；第二,不存在煤柱失穩(wěn)帶來(lái)的支護(hù)上的難題；第三,可避免煤柱不能及時(shí)垮落而影響被保護(hù)層的卸壓效果。為了驗(yàn)證前述理論研究成果,先后對(duì)保護(hù)層開(kāi)采進(jìn)行了相似模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)與計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)值模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,研究中得到如下結(jié)論：(1)保護(hù)層開(kāi)采過(guò)程中,隨著傾斜工作面長(zhǎng)度的增加,覆巖破壞的范圍無(wú)論是橫向還是縱向均增長(zhǎng)；(2)采用錯(cuò)層位內(nèi)錯(cuò)式無(wú)煤柱布置對(duì)上覆被保護(hù)層實(shí)現(xiàn)連續(xù)卸壓有利,增加了傾斜方向的卸壓范圍,同時(shí),被保護(hù)范圍升高；(3)采用留煤柱護(hù)巷,煤柱造成上方被保護(hù)層存在應(yīng)力升高區(qū)域,整個(gè)被保護(hù)層傾斜方向出現(xiàn)充分卸壓范圍、部分卸壓區(qū)、應(yīng)力增高區(qū)；(4)錯(cuò)層位內(nèi)錯(cuò)式無(wú)煤柱布置接續(xù)工作面開(kāi)采時(shí),相當(dāng)于增加了傾斜方向的開(kāi)采范圍,覆巖裂隙帶發(fā)育高度增加,被保護(hù)煤層在裂隙帶內(nèi)的相對(duì)層位降低,認(rèn)為采用錯(cuò)層位巷道布置對(duì)上覆被保護(hù)層的卸壓更有利；(5)計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)值模擬中,發(fā)現(xiàn)首采工作面開(kāi)采過(guò)程中,縱向上,工作面兩端巷道上方出現(xiàn)環(huán)形裂隙圈；橫向上,工作面覆巖破壞范圍為”O(jiān)”型圈；(6)采用錯(cuò)層位內(nèi)錯(cuò)式無(wú)煤柱布置時(shí),接續(xù)工作面回采過(guò)程中,兩工作面搭接部分裂隙逐漸壓實(shí),而在形成搭接工作面的兩端出現(xiàn)縱向環(huán)形裂隙圈,且裂隙發(fā)育高度較單個(gè)工作面要高；橫向上,接續(xù)工作面開(kāi)采過(guò)程中,覆巖破壞范圍經(jīng)歷“O-L-O"型；(7)為了進(jìn)行對(duì)比,對(duì)工作面之間留設(shè)20m護(hù)巷煤柱進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)工作面均在兩端出現(xiàn)縱向上的環(huán)形裂隙圈,裂隙發(fā)育高度相同,小于錯(cuò)層位開(kāi)采。結(jié)合錯(cuò)層位進(jìn)行對(duì)比,認(rèn)為留煤柱開(kāi)采保護(hù)層需要每個(gè)工作面單獨(dú)設(shè)置,而錯(cuò)層位巷道布置無(wú)煤柱開(kāi)采可考慮搭接的多個(gè)工作面統(tǒng)一布置。最后,通過(guò)對(duì)錯(cuò)層位巷道布置覆巖縱向與橫向裂隙及垮落特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行總結(jié)概述,綜合考慮形成無(wú)煤柱內(nèi)錯(cuò)式搭接的多個(gè)工作面,建立了地面鉆孔抽采瓦斯系統(tǒng)、U+L型+上向鉆孔抽采瓦斯系統(tǒng)以及高抽巷抽采瓦斯系統(tǒng),總體來(lái)看,錯(cuò)層位內(nèi)錯(cuò)式無(wú)煤柱開(kāi)采抽采瓦斯系統(tǒng)較傳統(tǒng)留煤柱開(kāi)采要簡(jiǎn)單,可大幅度節(jié)省巷道工程量。最后,結(jié)合實(shí)際工程背景開(kāi)采下伏8#煤層保護(hù)上方2#被保護(hù)煤層,為了改善設(shè)計(jì)中存在的巷道工程量大、卸壓范圍小以及工作面瓦斯涌出量大的間題,首先提出采用錯(cuò)層位內(nèi)錯(cuò)式巷道布置實(shí)現(xiàn)上覆2#被保護(hù)煤層,具有巷道工程量小、實(shí)現(xiàn)被保護(hù)層的連續(xù)卸壓的特點(diǎn),進(jìn)一步結(jié)合工作面瓦斯涌出受日產(chǎn)量與推進(jìn)速度的影響,進(jìn)一步提出縮小保護(hù)層工作面傾斜長(zhǎng)度(原設(shè)計(jì)長(zhǎng)度250m,優(yōu)化后125m)、增加日推進(jìn)量(日進(jìn)尺4.2m)的技術(shù)優(yōu)化措施。
[Abstract]:The paper aims at the formation and development of the fractured mining fracture of the overlying strata, the pressure relief effect of the protected layer, the establishment of the coal and gas CO production technology system and the optimization of the recovery process, and the comprehensive expansion of the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, similar simulation experiment and the field measurement. First, a full high mining of the thick coal seam is made. The main research conclusions are as follows: (1) the failure height of overlying strata in working face is the key problem related to the gas extraction, so first of all, the failure height of overlying rock in thick coal seam is determined, and based on the theory of key layer, the theory of key layer is put forward. The three zones of overlying rock are divided and the actual situation is calculated. By comparing with the field measured results, it is considered that the results of the new method are closer to the measured values. (2) on the basis of the determination of the three zone division of a full high mining overlying rock, a single super long working face is embodied in the fault layer without coal pillar mining. For the first time, the method of dividing the three zones of overlying strata overlying strata is proposed for the first time. (3) in the study of the formation of the fractured mining fracture in the inclined direction of the working face mining, first of all, the fracture beam theory is adopted to take the overlying overburden of the first mining face as a two end fixed beam, which gives the expression of the bending moment and the breaking criterion of the fixed end. It is considered that the height of the mining fissures at both ends of the working face is basically the same, and the stress expression of any point in it is: Sigma =Mh//J7/q/12 (6Lx-6x2-L2) h'/J7 and the criterion for the formation of crevice is: 6x2-6Lx+L2+/2 (sigma -X) h2/qtg Phi < 0 because the first working face is fixed at both ends of the inclined direction, so the first working face is considered. At the two ends, the fracture height is the same and basically symmetrical. When the wrong pillar is mined in the wrong layer, because there is no pillar in the two working face, the rock beam is equivalent to the state at one end and at the end of the cantilever. The internal stress is: 3ql2/h (l/h+3ql4/2Eh4-) the criterion for the fracture of the roof is 3ql2/h (l/h+3ql4/2Eh4- 1) on the basis of above (sigma -C) CTG phi, the position of the crack in the roof is further given, that is, the displacement S of the rock stratum and the S satisfy: S=h e =3ql2/Eh (l/h+3ql4/2Eh4-1), in order to further reflect the influence of the working face to the stability of the overlying rock and the characteristics of the fracture development, the mechanical model of the elastic thin plate is used to build on both sides of the working face. The influence of the internal stress and size on the fracture development is analyzed. The following conclusions are obtained: (1) the solid coal side cracks on both sides of the first mining face are symmetrical, and the stress size is basically the same, and the maximum stress on both sides of the roof before the initial fracture is: the working face recovery parameters of the corresponding crack gap of the corresponding Sigma =-0.3qa2/h2 are: after the roof breaks, the fracture of the roof is broken, The maximum stress along the side of the working face is: the mining parameters of the working face of the corresponding fracture of the sigma =0.3378qa2/h2 are as follows: the stress appears little change before and after the fracture of the basic top, and it is considered that the annular fissure on both sides of the inclined direction of the working face has little change. When the continuous working face is mined, there is no coal pillar lap between the two working faces. There is no new crack in the top roof of the lap, and with the compaction of the overlying strata, some cracks will be closed, and the two working faces reflect the characteristics of the single working face, that is, there is a fracture zone on both sides of the overlapped working face, and the stress distribution is: the working face recovery parameters of the corresponding fracture surface of sigma =1.854qa2/h2 are: After the first fracture of the basic top of the continued working face, its stress distribution is: the working face recovery parameters of the corresponding fracture surface of sigma =1.962qa2/h2 are as follows: compared with the two working face, it is found that the stress on the side of the solid coal is 6 times that of the first mining face after the continuous working face is mined. Therefore, it is considered that the first mining face and the traditional coal mining method in the wrong layer mining are considered. In the same way, due to the cancellation of the coal pillar of the roadway, the stress on the side of the solid coal is great, so the fracture development is more fully. (2) further research on the development law of the transverse fissure of the stope. It is found that during the mining of the first mining face, the overlying rock collapsed and compacted and formed a "O" type ring. The rock collapse zone and the first mining face form a whole, and gradually increase with the increase of the mining scope of the working face, the form of the whole goaf is "O-L-O" type. On the basis of the previous research, further research on the pressure relief effect of the protection layer of the retained coal pillar and the coal pillar mining protection layer is carried out, and the following conclusions are obtained: (1) The traditional coal pillar protecting roadway mining protection layer, the size of coal pillar directly affects the protected layer corresponding to the protective layer, under the premise of the central rock stress zone in the middle of the coal pillar, there are four areas in the protected layer: the original rock stress area, the stress increase area, the partial pressure relief area and the full pressure relief zone. (2) the mining protection with the staggered level roadway is used. Layer, due to the realization of completely no coal pillar overlap between adjacent working faces, so a number of adjacent working faces embody a single working face, and the corresponding position in the protected layer only has sufficient pressure relief area, and the protective layer has experienced multiple mining effects, and the unloading pressure is more fully. (3) further combining the mining protection layer of retaining coal pillar to protect the roadway and draw on the catastrophe theory for reference. The reasonable size of coal pillar in the pillar of the coal pillar is deduced, and it is believed that when the yield area of the coal pillar exceeds the 88% of the coal pillar, it will have the possibility of sudden change. In this way, the sudden change of the retained coal pillar is determined from the angle of realizing the full pressure relief of the protected layer, which is favorable to the continuity of the protected layer and the full pressure discharge is favorable, and the coal pillar is set aside. The reasonable size is: a=[25m /22flnfR+kt/kt[1+f (1/ -1) CTG [CTG]. The corresponding time for the instability of coal pillar is: t= ETA /ElnE+ lambda KdHaL=25m L/22flnfR+kt/kt[1+f (1/ zeta -1) CTG [CTG]] The order of mining is as follows: working face 1, working face 4, working face 2, working face 5 and working face 3. The corresponding pressure relief area, including 1 of protective layer mining face, only forms the pressure relief area 1. When the protection layer is finished mining face 4 and after the mining face 2, the pressure relief area 2 is formed, and when the protection layer mining face is 5, because the protection layer mining face is 5, because the protection layer is mining face 5 The coal pillar between the working face 1 and the working face 2 is damaged, and the pressure relief area 1-2. is formed in the protected layer. The pressure relief area of the protected layer will be formed after the protection layer 3 is mined, so that the pressure relief fruit of the protection layer 4 and the protection layer 5 will be considered, and the corresponding pressure relief area will be formed in the protected layer. Correspondingly, the pressure relief area will be formed in the protected layer. The protection range, compared with the traditional coal pillar coal pillar, the full pressure relief area with 1 of the working face of the protective layer, the pressure relief range of the protected layer is increased from 1'=L-2hctg6 to the 1 "=2L+a-2hctg Delta" (4) after the protection layer working face (4), such as using the wrong layer mining, compared with the coal pillar, the first, can improve the recovery rate; second, there is no coal pillar instability. In order to verify the previous theoretical research results, the similar simulation experiments and computer numerical simulation experiments have been carried out on the protection layer mining, and the following conclusions are obtained: (1) in the process of protection layer mining, the following conclusions are obtained: (third) With the increase of the length of the inclined working face, the scope of the overburden failure is increased both horizontally and vertically; (2) the placement of the wrong layer of the internal and wrong pillar is advantageous to the continuous pressure relief in the overlying protective layer, increases the pressure relief range in the inclined direction, and increases the protection range; (3) the coal pillar is used to protect the roadway, and the coal pillar causes the upper protection layer. There is a region of stress rising, the full range of pressure in the inclined direction of the whole protected layer, partial pressure relief area, high stress area; (4) when the wrong layer of internal and wrong pillar arrangement of the continuous working face, it is equivalent to the increase of the mining range in the direction of inclination, the increase of the height of the fissures in the overlying rock, the relative layer of the protected seam in the fracture zone. It is considered that the layout of the staggered layer roadway is more favorable to the pressure unloading of the overlying protective layer; (5) in the numerical simulation of computer, the annular fissure ring appears on the top of the working face during the mining process of the first working face; on the horizontal side, the overlying area of the working face is "O" type ring, and (6) the wrong type internal and error type is adopted. During the coal pillar layout, during the recovery process of the continuous working face, the overlapping part of the two working face is gradually compacted, and the longitudinal annular fissure ring appears at the two ends of the overlapping working face, and the height of the crack development is higher than that of the single working face; in the course of mining the continuous working face, the overlying rock failure range goes through the "O-L-O" type; (7) in order to carry on it, In contrast, the numerical simulation of the coal pillar with 20m retaining wall between the working face has been carried out. It is found that the annular fissure ring on both ends of the two working faces appears on both ends. The height of the crack development is the same and less than the wrong layer mining. The coal pillar mining can consider the unified layout of multiple working faces. Finally, through the summary and summary of the characteristics of the longitudinal and lateral cracks and the collapse of the overlying strata in the wrong layered laneway, comprehensive consideration is made on the formation of the multiple working faces of the fault free lap joint without the pillar, and the ground drilling vassal system and the U+L + updirection drilling gas extraction system are established. As a whole, the gas extraction system of high pumping roadway, in general, it is simpler than the traditional coal pillar to mine the gas drainage system with the wrong type of internal and wrong pillar mining. In the end, the 8# coal seam under the actual engineering background is protected by the protection of the coal seam above the 2# coal seam protection, in order to improve the large amount of roadway engineering and pressure unloading in the design. With small scope and large amount of gas emission in the working face, first of all, it is proposed to use the staggered layer internal and wrong roadway layout to realize the overlying 2# protected coal seam, which has the characteristics of small roadway engineering and continuous pressure relief of the protected layer, and further combined with the influence of the daily output and propulsion speed of gas emission in the working face, the reduction of protection is further proposed. The length of the inclined face of the working face (the original design length is 250m, after optimization 125m), and the technical optimization measures to increase the daily pushing volume (daily footage 4.2m).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TD712

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