本文選題：堅(jiān)硬頂板 + 快速掘進(jìn)　； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：山東某煤礦3下煤埋深約800m,煤層屬于厚煤層,水平應(yīng)力大。煤層中裂隙、層理發(fā)育,局部有夾矸,煤質(zhì)軟、強(qiáng)度低、完整性差。由于回采需要將回采巷道設(shè)計(jì)為5×3.8m的大斷面矩形煤巷,影響因素多,支護(hù)難度大。在礦井西部采區(qū)3下煤層厚度逐步變薄,其上多數(shù)為中砂巖頂板。但原支護(hù)參數(shù)不合理,沒能利用堅(jiān)硬頂板的良好條件去發(fā)展快速掘進(jìn),反而使堅(jiān)硬頂板制約了掘進(jìn)的速度,占用大量人員,工作效率低下,綜合機(jī)械化掘進(jìn)水平停滯在230～240米/月,嚴(yán)重影響了礦井的正常生產(chǎn)接續(xù)。本文針對(duì)3下煤層巷道掘進(jìn)面臨的以上問題,通過理論分析、數(shù)值模擬、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)等方法進(jìn)行研究。(1)通過研究水平應(yīng)力下巷道變形機(jī)理及水平應(yīng)力下支護(hù)系統(tǒng)的破壞形式,發(fā)現(xiàn)水平應(yīng)力作用下錨桿、錨索易發(fā)生剪切破壞,因此要求支護(hù)體有很好的抗剪能力,并且巷道支護(hù)要采用“先控頂,后護(hù)幫”的支護(hù)策略。(2)通過FLAC3D軟件模擬,研究水平應(yīng)力場(chǎng)中層理面對(duì)矩形煤巷應(yīng)力分布的影響,以及水平應(yīng)力場(chǎng)中層理面和夾矸對(duì)矩形煤巷圍巖穩(wěn)定性的影響。發(fā)現(xiàn)層理面在受到剪切破壞后,會(huì)發(fā)生相對(duì)的滑移,導(dǎo)致水平應(yīng)力更多的作用于煤壁,所以離層理面越近塑性區(qū)深度越大。夾矸的厚度、硬度都會(huì)對(duì)巷道的穩(wěn)定性產(chǎn)生影響,薄層軟弱夾矸最不利于巷道的穩(wěn)定。(3)通過研究大間排距支護(hù)理論,對(duì)現(xiàn)支護(hù)參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化以實(shí)現(xiàn)水平應(yīng)力場(chǎng)中大跨度矩形煤巷的大間排距支護(hù)。當(dāng)頂板較硬導(dǎo)致錨桿施工困難時(shí),可以通過適當(dāng)增加錨桿的長度,提高預(yù)緊力,使用高強(qiáng)度的錨桿實(shí)現(xiàn)巷道的大間排距支護(hù)。利用FLAC3D軟件模擬巷道的不同支護(hù)方式選出最優(yōu)方案。根據(jù)巷道掘進(jìn)反饋的礦壓監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,證明數(shù)值模擬的結(jié)果有一定的參考意義。(4)根據(jù)巷道掘進(jìn)反饋的礦壓監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)支護(hù)參數(shù)的優(yōu)化進(jìn)行反饋和評(píng)價(jià)。通過優(yōu)化巷道支護(hù)參數(shù)、施工工藝和施工工序,綜掘單進(jìn)達(dá)到400～450米/月,并具備500米/月以上的能力。
[Abstract]:The depth of coal buried in No. 3 coal mine in Shandong province is about 800 m.The coal seam belongs to thick coal seam, and the horizontal stress is large. Coal seam fractures, bedding development, local gangue, soft coal, low strength, poor integrity. Because of the need to design the large section rectangular coal roadway with 5 脳 3.8m, there are many influencing factors and the support is difficult. In the west mining area of the mine, the thickness of coal seam 3 is gradually thinning, and most of the upper coal seam is middle sandstone roof. However, the original support parameters are unreasonable and can not use the good conditions of hard roof to develop rapid tunneling. On the contrary, the hard roof restricts the speed of tunneling, occupies a large number of personnel, and has low working efficiency. The level of comprehensive mechanized tunneling has stagnated at 230 ~ 240 m / month, which has seriously affected the normal production of the mine. In this paper, aiming at the above problems faced by roadway driving in three coal seams, through theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, field monitoring and other methods, this paper studies the mechanism of roadway deformation under horizontal stress and the failure form of support system under horizontal stress. It is found that the bolt is prone to shear failure under horizontal stress, so it is required that the supporting body have good shear resistance, and the roadway support should adopt the support strategy of "controlling the roof first, then protecting the slope" by means of FLAC3D software. The influence of bedding in horizontal stress field on the stress distribution of rectangular coal roadway and the influence of bedding surface and gangue in horizontal stress field on the stability of surrounding rock of rectangular coal roadway are studied. It is found that the relative slip of the bedding surface will occur after shear failure, which leads to more horizontal stress acting on the coal wall, so the depth of the plastic zone near the bedding surface is greater. The thickness and hardness of gangue will affect the stability of roadway. The parameters of existing support are optimized to realize large spacing support of large span rectangular coal roadway in horizontal stress field. When the roof is hard and the bolt is difficult to be constructed, it can be used to support the roadway with large spacing by increasing the length of the bolt and increasing the pretightening force. FLAC3D software is used to simulate the different supporting ways of roadway to select the optimal scheme. According to the mine pressure monitoring data of roadway tunneling feedback, the simulation results are verified, and it is proved that the numerical simulation results have certain reference significance. (4) according to the mine pressure monitoring data of roadway tunneling feedback, the optimization of support parameters is feedback and evaluation. By optimizing the supporting parameters, construction technology and construction procedure, the single entry of fully mechanized excavation can reach 400 ~ 450m / month and has the capability of more than 500m / month.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD353

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