本文選題：排土場穩(wěn)定性分析 + 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)PSO算法　； 參考：《遼寧科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著露天礦開采技術(shù)和效率的不斷提高,其廢石產(chǎn)量迅速增加。礦山需要更大的空間去容納激增的廢石,結(jié)合我國排土場相關(guān)土地政策,排土場增高成為必然趨勢,其失穩(wěn)風(fēng)險也將大大增加。本文以弓長嶺獨木排土場為研究對象,利用不同方法對其穩(wěn)定性和邊坡幾何參數(shù)優(yōu)化進(jìn)行深入研究。主要研究工作及結(jié)論如下:(1)為獲取散體物料在排土場空間的分布規(guī)律和研究所需的物理力學(xué)參數(shù),通過對弓長嶺獨木排土場進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場調(diào)查和查閱相關(guān)地質(zhì)及文獻(xiàn)資料,并結(jié)合前人的相關(guān)研究成果,利用MATLAB分析獲取了散體物料在排土場空間的分布規(guī)律和研究所需的物理力學(xué)參數(shù)。(2)為解決標(biāo)準(zhǔn)PSO算法協(xié)調(diào)全局和局部搜索能力不足的問題,以標(biāo)準(zhǔn)PSO算法原理為基礎(chǔ),提出了構(gòu)造既與迭代次數(shù)有關(guān)又與距全局最優(yōu)位置距離有關(guān)的慣性權(quán)值改進(jìn)策略和將變異思想引入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)PSO算法的算法融合改進(jìn)策略,并借助4種經(jīng)典測驗函數(shù)進(jìn)行測驗。結(jié)果表明:與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)PSO算法相比較,改進(jìn)的PSO算法搜索精度和搜索效率都明顯提高。(3)為考慮粒徑分級對排土場穩(wěn)定性的影響,提出了建立分層模型的建模方法;為解決極限平衡法中利用傳統(tǒng)方法搜索最危險滑動面時易陷入局部最優(yōu)解的問題和利用改進(jìn)的PSO算法搜索最危險滑動面時目標(biāo)函數(shù)存在大量簡化的問題,提出了基于BP-改進(jìn)的PSO算法的極限平衡穩(wěn)定性分析方法。利用該法和有限差分軟件FLAC對正常、降雨兩種工況下的排土場穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果表明:兩種方法分析所得穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)非常接近,穩(wěn)定性分析結(jié)果精確、可靠;降雨工況下,排土場穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)有所下降,但仍大于1.350處于穩(wěn)定狀態(tài),排土場安全儲備較大;該排土場滑坡模式為上部受拉破壞,中部剪切作用,圓弧滑面至下部表土層沿水平層剪切破壞。(4)為高效精確的解決排土場邊坡幾何參數(shù)優(yōu)化問題,提出了基于BP-改進(jìn)的PSO算法的邊坡幾何參數(shù)優(yōu)化方法。本文利用該法和傳統(tǒng)優(yōu)化算法對邊坡幾何參數(shù)優(yōu)化模型進(jìn)行尋優(yōu),并利用極限平衡法對增容后的穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行檢驗。結(jié)果表明:兩種算法所得最優(yōu)解相差不大,但基于BP-改進(jìn)的PSO算法的邊坡幾何參數(shù)優(yōu)化方法的迭代次數(shù)更少,搜索效率更高;增容后排土場的穩(wěn)定性接近1.20,符合安全儲備要求;排土場優(yōu)化結(jié)果精確、可靠,將大大增加排土場容積、增加礦山的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of mining technology and efficiency, the output of waste rock increases rapidly. The mine needs more space to accommodate the surge of waste rock. Combined with the relevant land policy of dump in our country, the increase of dump becomes an inevitable trend, and the risk of instability will be greatly increased. In this paper, the stability and optimization of slope geometric parameters are studied by using different methods, taking the Dumu dump of Gongchangling as the research object. The main research work and conclusions are as follows: (1) in order to obtain the distribution law of bulk materials in the dump space and the physical and mechanical parameters needed for the study, the site of Gongchangling Dumu dump was investigated and the relevant geological and literature data were consulted. In order to solve the problem of insufficient global and local search ability of standard PSO algorithm, the distribution law of bulk materials in the dump space and the physical and mechanical parameters required for research are obtained by using MATLAB, combined with the related research results of predecessors, in order to solve the problem that the standard PSO algorithm has insufficient ability to coordinate global and local search. Based on the principle of standard PSO algorithm, an improved strategy of inertial weight is proposed, which is not only related to the iteration times but also to the distance from the global optimal position, and the improved algorithm fusion strategy is introduced to introduce the mutation idea into the standard PSO algorithm. And with the help of four classical test functions to test. The results show that compared with the standard PSO algorithm, the improved PSO algorithm improves the search accuracy and search efficiency obviously. In order to consider the influence of particle size classification on the stability of dump, a modeling method of layered model is proposed. In order to solve the problem that the limit equilibrium method is easy to fall into the local optimal solution when the most dangerous sliding surface is searched by the traditional method and the objective function when searching the most dangerous sliding surface by using the improved PSO algorithm, there is a large number of simplified problems. A method of limit equilibrium stability analysis based on BP- improved PSO algorithm is proposed. The stability of dump under normal and rainfall conditions was analyzed by using FLAC and FLAC. The results show that the stability coefficient obtained by the two methods is very close, the stability analysis results are accurate and reliable, and the stability coefficient of the dump decreases somewhat under rainfall condition, but is still in a stable state more than 1.350, and the safety reserve of the dump is large. The landslide mode of the dump is upper tensile failure, middle shear action and shear failure of circular arc sliding surface to the lower surface along the horizontal layer. It is an efficient and accurate method to solve the problem of optimizing the geometric parameters of the dump slope. The optimization method of slope geometric parameters based on BP- improved PSO algorithm is proposed. In this paper, the method and the traditional optimization algorithm are used to optimize the geometric parameter optimization model of slope, and the limit equilibrium method is used to test the stability of the slope after increasing capacity. The results show that the optimal solutions obtained by the two algorithms are not different, but the BP- improved PSO algorithm has fewer iterations and higher search efficiency, and the stability of the dump is close to 1.20, which meets the requirement of safety reserve. The optimized result of dump is accurate and reliable, which will greatly increase the volume of dump and increase the economic benefit of mine.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD854.7

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本文編號：1982249