本文選題：膠帶火災(zāi) + 熱釋放速率　； 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)煤礦大都使用阻燃膠帶輸送機(jī),但由于礦井環(huán)境復(fù)雜,遺煤自燃、電火花、明火等在特定條件下仍然可能引燃膠帶火災(zāi)。一旦發(fā)生膠帶火災(zāi),火勢(shì)迅速蔓延,火源區(qū)鄰近巷道溫度迅速升高,產(chǎn)生的大量有毒有害氣體隨著風(fēng)流進(jìn)入下風(fēng)側(cè)各采區(qū),從而威脅井下人員的生命安全。研究礦井膠帶火災(zāi)災(zāi)變過程,迅速準(zhǔn)確地掌握礦井膠帶火災(zāi)時(shí)巷道內(nèi)風(fēng)流狀態(tài)、溫度分布、火災(zāi)煙流蔓延情況,對(duì)于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)指揮救災(zāi)、保護(hù)井下人員的生命安全具有十分重要的意義。在此基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)研究礦井膠帶輸送機(jī)自動(dòng)監(jiān)測(cè)滅火系統(tǒng),及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)和控制膠帶火災(zāi),減少火災(zāi)造成的財(cái)產(chǎn)損失,保護(hù)井下人員的生命安全,已成為亟待解決的問題。本文從膠帶火災(zāi)原因出發(fā),以研究膠帶火災(zāi)典型可燃材料的燃燒特性為切入點(diǎn),采用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)采樣分析、實(shí)驗(yàn)研究測(cè)定和數(shù)值模擬演算的研究方法,重點(diǎn)對(duì)膠帶火災(zāi)可燃材料燃燒特性、膠帶火災(zāi)災(zāi)變規(guī)律、細(xì)水霧滅火特性影響因素等進(jìn)行了較深入的研究,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合分布式光纖測(cè)溫技術(shù)和細(xì)水霧滅火技術(shù),設(shè)計(jì)了基于分布式光纖測(cè)溫技術(shù)的礦井膠帶運(yùn)輸機(jī)細(xì)水霧自動(dòng)滅火系統(tǒng),以實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)人值守情況下對(duì)膠帶火災(zāi)進(jìn)行自動(dòng)處理的問題。本文主要研究工作和成果有:(1)分析了礦井膠帶火災(zāi)的起火原因,概述了礦井膠帶火災(zāi)一般發(fā)展規(guī)律,根據(jù)火災(zāi)理論,對(duì)煤礦膠帶火災(zāi)典型可燃材料的燃燒特性進(jìn)行錐形量熱儀實(shí)驗(yàn),測(cè)定遺煤最大熱釋放速率為138kw/m2,阻燃膠帶的最大熱釋放速率為285kw/m2,為礦井膠帶火災(zāi)的數(shù)值模擬提供參考依據(jù)。(2)運(yùn)用火災(zāi)動(dòng)力模擬軟件PyroSim,結(jié)合高平市申家莊煤礦運(yùn)輸斜井實(shí)際情況,創(chuàng)建礦井膠帶火災(zāi)模型,根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)確定的膠帶火災(zāi)典型可燃材料的燃燒特性,設(shè)置模型燃燒參數(shù),模擬礦井膠帶巷道火災(zāi)發(fā)生時(shí)溫度及煙氣分布情況,研究膠帶火災(zāi)的災(zāi)變規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明:風(fēng)速對(duì)膠帶火災(zāi)的災(zāi)變過程影響較大,當(dāng)發(fā)生膠帶火災(zāi)時(shí),適當(dāng)增大風(fēng)速,雖會(huì)造成膠帶延燃距離增長(zhǎng),巷道溫度升高,但可以有效抑制火煙滾退,減少有毒氣體CO的產(chǎn)生及蔓延。(3)分析比較目前自動(dòng)滅火系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn),確定選擇高壓細(xì)水霧作為系統(tǒng)的滅火模塊。設(shè)置膠帶火災(zāi)高壓細(xì)水霧滅火模型,模擬分析細(xì)水霧噴頭布設(shè)情況對(duì)其滅火性能的影響,結(jié)果表明:噴頭安設(shè)高度對(duì)細(xì)水霧的滅火效果呈二次函數(shù)分布,最佳安設(shè)高度為膠帶上方1m。噴頭與火源水平位置距離越大,則滅火效果越差,當(dāng)水平距離超過1m時(shí),基本失去滅火性能,僅對(duì)火勢(shì)有一定的抑制作用。多噴頭可以有效增強(qiáng)細(xì)水霧滅火性能,但啟動(dòng)的噴頭數(shù)大于3時(shí),細(xì)水霧滅火性能增強(qiáng)較少。通過模擬可以確定膠帶火災(zāi)高壓細(xì)水霧自動(dòng)滅火系統(tǒng)最佳安設(shè)方式為:噴頭位于膠帶上方1m高度,噴頭兩兩間隔不超過1.5m,發(fā)生膠帶火災(zāi)時(shí),啟動(dòng)火源上風(fēng)側(cè)1個(gè)及下風(fēng)側(cè)2個(gè)噴頭,可達(dá)到較好的滅火效果。(4)根據(jù)模擬結(jié)果,結(jié)合實(shí)際情況,設(shè)計(jì)基于分布式光纖測(cè)溫技術(shù)的自動(dòng)滅火系統(tǒng),準(zhǔn)確把握火源位置,實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)人值守情況下對(duì)火災(zāi)進(jìn)行自動(dòng)快速處理的問題。
[Abstract]:Most coal mines in China use flame-retardant belt conveyer, but due to the complicated mine environment, the spontaneous combustion of coal, electric spark and open fire may still ignite the belt fire under certain conditions. Once the belt fire, the fire spread rapidly, the temperature of the adjacent roadway in the fire source area is rapidly rising, and a large number of toxic and harmful gases will come into the lower wind side with the wind. Each mining area threatens the life safety of the underground personnel. It is very important to study the catastrophic process of the mine belt fire disaster and quickly and accurately grasp the air flow state in the mine belt fire, the temperature distribution and the spread of the fire smoke, which is of great significance for the field command disaster relief and the protection of the life safety of the underground personnel. It has become an urgent problem to study the automatic monitoring and extinguishing system of mine belt conveyor, find and control the belt fire in time, reduce the property loss caused by the fire, and protect the life safety of the underground personnel. This paper, starting from the cause of the belt fire, studies the burning characteristics of the fire code type combustible material as a breakthrough point and adopts the site. The research method of sampling analysis, experimental research and numerical simulation calculus is studied, focusing on the combustion characteristics of the flammable material in the belt fire, the law of the calamity of the belt fire, the influence factors of the water mist fire extinguishing characteristics, and on this basis, the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement technology and the water mist fire extinguishing technology are combined. The automatic fire extinguishing system of the fine water mist of the belt conveyer of the mine belt conveyer with the cloth fiber temperature measurement technology is used to realize the automatic handling of the belt fire under the unattended condition. The main research work and results are as follows: (1) the causes of the fire in the mine belt fire are analyzed, the general development law of the belt fire in the mine well is summarized, and the fire theory is based on the theory of fire. The cone calorimeter test is carried out on the combustion characteristics of typical combustible materials in coal mine belt fire. The maximum heat release rate of the coal remains is 138kw/m2, the maximum heat release rate of the flame retardant adhesive tape is 285kw/m2, which provides reference for the numerical simulation of mine belt fire. (2) using the fire dynamic simulation software PyroSim, combined with Shenjia coal in Gaoping City The actual situation of the mine transportation inclined shaft, create the mine belt fire model, according to the characteristic of the typical combustible material in the belt fire, set the model combustion parameters, simulate the temperature and the smoke distribution of the mine belt tunnel fire, and study the law of the catastrophe of the belt fire. The result shows that the wind speed has a catastrophic effect on the belt fire. In the case of belt fire, the proper increase of wind speed can cause the increase of the distance of the belt and the increase of the temperature of the roadway, but it can effectively restrain the rolling and rolling of the fire smoke and reduce the production and spread of the toxic gas CO. (3) analyze and compare the characteristics of the current automatic fire extinguishing system, and determine the selection of the high pressure fine water mist as a system fire extinguishing module. The effect of the setting of the sprinkler head on the fire extinguishing performance is simulated and analyzed. The results show that the fire extinguishing effect of the sprinkler height to the water mist is two function distribution, the best setting height is the greater distance between the 1m. sprinkler and the fire source level above the tape, the worse the fire extinguishing effect is, when the horizontal distance is at the horizontal distance. When more than 1m, the fire extinguishing performance is basically lost, only the fire can be suppressed to a certain extent. The multi sprinkler can effectively enhance the water mist fire extinguishing performance, but when the number of the sprays is more than 3, the fire extinguishing performance of the fine water mist is less enhanced. With the height of 1m above and the 22 interval of the nozzle not more than 1.5m, when the belt fire is fire, 1 and 2 sprinklers on the wind side and the lower wind side can be started. (4) according to the simulation results and the actual situation, the automatic fire extinguishing system based on the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement technology is designed to accurately grasp the location of the fire source and realize the unattended situation. The problem of automatic and rapid fire treatment in the case of fire.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD752

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