本文選題：巖漿銅鎳硫化物礦床 + 構(gòu)造環(huán)境�。� 參考：《蘭州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：金川和喀拉通克是我國著名的兩個(gè)大型銅鎳硫化物礦床,具有不同的成礦構(gòu)造背景,金川礦床產(chǎn)于古老板塊邊緣的裂谷環(huán)境,喀拉通克產(chǎn)于造山后伸展環(huán)境；對(duì)于我國這類產(chǎn)出銅鎳礦的基性-超基性巖來說,金川巖體的基性程度較高,喀拉通克基性程度最低；兩礦床的Cu/Ni比值也不同,金川為0.5,而喀拉通克為1.7。上述這些差異表明兩礦床在物質(zhì)來源以及成礦機(jī)制等方面的差異。文章在參閱前人的研究資料的基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)了喀拉通克和金川兩者的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造環(huán)境、礦床地球化學(xué)特征、礦床分布規(guī)律。并根據(jù)微量元素?cái)?shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行巖體的巖石系列、成礦母巖漿、巖漿源區(qū)特征以及地殼混染作用等問題進(jìn)行了分析討論,最后通過三維地質(zhì)建模的手段,對(duì)兩礦床的巖漿通道以及深部邊部找礦潛力進(jìn)行了預(yù)測,以期對(duì)該類賦存在小巖體內(nèi)的巖漿銅鎳硫化物礦床的研究以及后期找礦有所幫助,并得出以下幾點(diǎn)結(jié)論：(1)金川礦床成礦時(shí)代為新元古代,喀拉通克礦床形成時(shí)代均為晚古生代；成礦構(gòu)造背景金川為大陸邊緣裂谷環(huán)境,喀拉通克為造山后伸展環(huán)境；這符合Ni-Cu礦床成礦的時(shí)空分布規(guī)律。成礦母巖漿均為高鎂玄武質(zhì)巖漿；巖漿源區(qū)金川為EM1型富集地幔,喀拉通克為虧損的巖石圈地幔；含礦巖體均為多期次侵入的復(fù)式巖體,巖漿都受到不同程度的地殼物質(zhì)混染,硫化物主要在深部熔離,然后以含橄欖石和硫化物的“晶粥”形式貫入成礦。(2)研究了金川和喀拉通克礦床巖漿熔離-深部預(yù)富集-多期次貫入成礦模型,并借鑒前人提出的巖漿通道模型,認(rèn)為深部地質(zhì)過程-深部預(yù)富集的成礦作用是我國同類型礦床的主要成礦機(jī)制。(3)通過礦床三維空間地質(zhì)特征的研究預(yù)測其深部巖漿通道和隱伏富礦體的存在；金川由于所處的復(fù)雜構(gòu)造環(huán)境,導(dǎo)致深部構(gòu)造更是復(fù)雜,深部找礦工作仍不理想；而喀拉通克則由于其深部見到可能為具有烘烤邊的大型地層的捕虜體,其深部存在類似于金川礦床深部的1號(hào)礦體和2號(hào)礦體這樣的大礦、富礦的可能性很大。
[Abstract]:Jinchuan and Karatungk are two famous copper-nickel sulfide deposits in China, which have different metallogenic tectonic background. Jinchuan deposit occurs in the rift environment of the ancient plate margin, and Karatungk occurs in the post-orogenic extensional environment. For the basic-ultrabasic rocks of this type of copper-nickel deposit in China, the basicity of Jinchuan is higher than that of Karatonk, and the Cu/Ni ratio of the two deposits is also different, which is 0.5 in Jinchuan and 1.7 in Karatongk. These differences indicate that the two deposits are different in material source and metallogenic mechanism. Based on the previous research data, this paper summarizes the geological tectonic environment, geochemical characteristics and ore deposit distribution of Karatungk and Jinchuan. Based on trace element data, the rock series, ore-forming magma, characteristics of magma source and crustal mixing are analyzed and discussed. Finally, through the means of three-dimensional geological modeling, The magmatic channel and the prospecting potential of the deep margin of the two deposits are predicted in order to be helpful to the study of the magmatic copper-nickel sulfide deposits which occur in the small rocks and to the later prospecting. The following conclusions are drawn: the metallogenic age of Jinchuan deposit is Neoproterozoic, and the formation age of Karatongk deposit is all late Paleozoic, the metallogenic tectonic setting Jinchuan is continental margin rift environment, and Karatungk is post-orogenic extensional environment. This accords with the temporal and spatial distribution of Ni-Cu deposit. The ore-forming mother magma is high magnesium Black Tortoise magma, Jinchuan magma source area is EM1 enriched mantle, Keratonk is depleted lithospheric mantle, ore-bearing rock mass is multistage intrusive complex rock mass, magma is mixed with different degree of crustal material. The sulfide is mainly melted in the deep, and then the magma melt separation, deep preconcentration and multiple times interpenetration metallogenic model of Jinchuan and Karatungk deposits are studied in the form of "crystal porridge" containing olivine and sulphide. And draw lessons from the previous magmatic channel model, It is considered that deep geological process and deep preenrichment mineralization are the main metallogenic mechanism of the same type deposits in China.) the existence of deep magmatic channels and concealed ore-rich bodies is predicted through the study of the three-dimensional geological characteristics of the deposits. Due to the complex tectonic environment in which Jinchuan is located, the deep structure is even more complicated, and the deep prospecting work is still not ideal. There are large deposits such as No. 1 orebody and No. 2 orebody in the deep part of Jinchuan deposit.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P618.41;P618.63

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