本文選題：地震屬性 + 同步擠壓小波變換��； 參考：《西安理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：地震屬性不僅可以直接用來研究地球介質(zhì)的巖性、構(gòu)造等,也可以反映介質(zhì)的品質(zhì)因數(shù)等參數(shù)。但是在實際應(yīng)用中,屬性參數(shù)的測量精度以及抗干擾能力往往存在一定的局限性,針對這一問題,本文研究了同步擠壓小波變換提取地震屬性參數(shù)的方法。本文研究分為兩部分:一是同步擠壓小波變換對噪聲的抑制,二是同步擠壓小波變換對地震屬性參數(shù)的提取。具體研究工作如下:(1)對窄帶信號以及寬帶信號分別運用小波變換、同步擠壓小波變換進行了測試,研究了變換域的噪聲分布規(guī)律;(2)對小波域的噪聲抑制進行了探討,研究了中值濾波、均值濾波和信息熵濾波在小波域中的去噪方法,并將三者濾波效果做了對比研究;(3)分別使用希爾伯特變換、同步擠壓小波變換對地震信號進行了三瞬參數(shù)的提取研究,并通過對仿真信號和實際地震資料的處理驗證了方法的有效性。實驗結(jié)果表明,同步擠壓小波變換是一種新的小波變換方法,可將時域信號轉(zhuǎn)化成高分辨率的時頻譜,再結(jié)合時頻譜重排的思想,通過擠壓任一中心頻率附近區(qū)間值,從而得到同步擠壓小波變換量值。其可將隨機噪聲壓縮為點狀噪聲或者顆粒噪聲,并聚集分布,基于噪聲這一分布特點,從而選用合適的濾波方法,可達到很好的抑制噪聲的目的;在此基礎(chǔ)上,對地震信號進行瞬時屬性的提取,相比于傳統(tǒng)的希爾伯特變換,同步擠壓小波可達到更高的精度以及更強的抗干擾能力。
[Abstract]:Seismic attributes can not only be directly used to study the lithology and structure of the earth's medium, but also reflect the parameters such as the quality factor of the medium. However, in practical application, the measurement accuracy and anti-interference ability of attribute parameters often have some limitations. In order to solve this problem, the method of extracting seismic attribute parameters by synchronous extrusion wavelet transform is studied in this paper. This paper is divided into two parts: one is the suppression of noise by synchronous extrusion wavelet transform, the other is the extraction of seismic attribute parameters by synchronous extrusion wavelet transform. The specific research work is as follows: (1) the narrowband signal and the wideband signal are tested using wavelet transform and synchronous extruding wavelet transform, respectively. The noise distribution law in transform domain is studied and the noise suppression in wavelet domain is discussed. The methods of median filtering, mean filtering and information entropy filtering in wavelet domain are studied. The extraction of three instantaneous parameters of seismic signal by synchronous extrusion wavelet transform is studied and the validity of the method is verified by processing the simulation signal and the actual seismic data. The experimental results show that synchronous extrusion wavelet transform is a new wavelet transform method, which can transform time domain signal into high resolution time spectrum, and combine with the idea of time spectrum rearrangement, by squeezing the interval value near any center frequency. The wavelet transform value of synchronous extrusion is obtained. The random noise can be compressed into point noise or particle noise and aggregated distribution. Based on the distribution characteristic of noise, a suitable filtering method can be used to suppress noise. Compared with the traditional Hilbert transform, the synchronous extrusion wavelet can achieve higher precision and stronger anti-jamming ability than the traditional Hilbert transform.
【學位授予單位】：西安理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P631.4

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本文編號：1950973