本文選題：極近距離煤層 + 采空區(qū)��； 參考：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：對于極近距離煤層,下位煤層開采前頂板的完整性受上位煤層開采損傷影響,其上又為上位煤層開采垮落的矸石,且上位煤層開采后遺留煤柱在底板形成的集中應(yīng)力,導(dǎo)致下位煤層開采區(qū)域的頂板結(jié)構(gòu)和應(yīng)力環(huán)境發(fā)生變化,從而使下位煤層開采與單一煤層開采相比出現(xiàn)了許多新的礦山壓力現(xiàn)象。本論文通過理論分析、數(shù)值模擬、工業(yè)性試驗相結(jié)合的方法,分析了鑫瑞煤礦4#煤層采完后,5#煤層所處的應(yīng)力環(huán)境,深入、系統(tǒng)地研究極近距離下位煤層開切眼圍巖應(yīng)力環(huán)境及其變形規(guī)律,確定合理巷道布置位置及其圍巖控制技術(shù),取得了以下結(jié)論:(1)研究了極近距離上層煤開采對下位煤層的影響,得出了4#煤層工作面采完之后,遺留煤柱邊緣出現(xiàn)垂直應(yīng)力集中的現(xiàn)象,應(yīng)力峰值達到13MPa,應(yīng)力集中系數(shù)達到2.6左右,采空區(qū)下方應(yīng)力較小,并得到了上層煤4#煤開采后底板破壞深度為6m左右,4#煤的開采影響了5#煤層頂板的完整性,下層煤巷道布置時應(yīng)考慮上層煤開采的影響。(2)得到了下煤層開切眼布置在不同位置時,圍巖塑性區(qū)分布與變形規(guī)律,將開切眼布置在采空區(qū)下方與上層煤煤柱的外錯距為4m,此時圍巖變形量小、易于支護。(3)得到了開切眼不同成巷方式下圍巖塑性區(qū)分布及變形規(guī)律,確定1501工作面開切眼采用先掘4.5m再擴刷成巷的方式為最優(yōu),提出了采空區(qū)下方的開切眼支護技術(shù)及方案,當(dāng)頂板使用錨桿支護時無法在破裂(碎)圍巖中或采空區(qū)內(nèi)有效錨固時,提出采用水力膨脹錨桿替代螺紋鋼錨桿的支護方式。(4)確定了位于采空區(qū)下方的1501工作面開切眼支護參數(shù):當(dāng)采用錨桿支護時,錨桿預(yù)緊力矩不小于300N·m,錨桿直徑為22mm;當(dāng)采用水力膨脹錨桿時,選用直徑為28 mm、長度為2.4 m的水力膨脹錨桿,頂錨桿間排距為700mm×700mm,幫錨桿間排距為700mm×800mm。(5)在1501工作面開切眼成功進行了工業(yè)性試驗,有效控制了切眼圍巖變形,支護參數(shù)合理,能夠滿足生產(chǎn)要求。
[Abstract]:For the very close distance coal seam, the integrity of the roof before mining in the lower coal seam is affected by the damage of the upper coal seam mining, and the upper coal seam mining gangue, and the concentrated stress formed by the coal pillar left behind in the floor after the upper coal seam mining. As a result, the roof structure and stress environment in the mining area of the lower coal seam are changed, which makes the mining of the lower coal seam appear a lot of new pressure phenomenon compared with the single coal seam mining. Through theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and industrial test, this paper analyzes the stress environment of coal seam in Xinrui coal mine after mining. This paper systematically studies the stress environment and deformation law of surrounding rock of open and cut hole in very close distance coal seam, determines the location of reasonable roadway layout and the control technology of surrounding rock, and obtains the following conclusion: 1) the influence of coal mining on lower coal seam from very close distance is studied. It is concluded that vertical stress concentration appears at the edge of coal pillar after coal face mining in the coal face. The peak stress value is 13 MPA, the stress concentration factor is about 2.6, and the stress under the goaf is small. It is also obtained that the mining of floor failure depth of 6 m or so affects the integrity of coal seam roof. When the lower coal roadway is arranged, the influence of the upper coal mining should be taken into account.) the distribution and deformation of surrounding rock plastic zone are obtained when the opening and cutting holes of the lower coal seam are arranged in different positions. The outer offset between the open hole and the upper coal pillar is 4 m under the goaf, and the deformation of surrounding rock is small and easy to be supported. The plastic zone distribution and deformation law of surrounding rock under different roadways are obtained. It is determined that the method of opening and cutting holes in 1501 working face is the best way of digging 4.5m and then brushing the roadway first. The technology and scheme of opening and cutting support under goaf are put forward. When the roof can not be effectively anchored in the cracked (broken) surrounding rock or in the goaf when the roof is supported by bolting, The support method of hydraulic expansion bolt instead of rebar bolt is put forward. The parameters of open hole support of 1501 working face under goaf are determined: when bolting is used, The pre-tightening moment of the anchor rod is not less than 300N m and the diameter of the anchor rod is 22mm. When the hydraulic expansion anchor rod is used, the hydraulic expansion anchor rod with the diameter of 28 mm and the length of 2.4 m shall be selected, The roof bolt row distance is 700mm 脳 700mm, and the side anchor rod row distance is 700mm 脳 800mm. Y5) the industrial test has been successfully carried out in 1501 face opening and cutting hole, which effectively controls the surrounding rock deformation of the cutting hole, and the supporting parameters are reasonable, which can meet the requirements of production.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD353

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本文編號：1946314