本文選題：采煤沉陷 + 沉陷預(yù)計��； 參考：《山西大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：煤炭資源作為人們生產(chǎn)和生活必要的物質(zhì)條件,是社會進步和發(fā)展的重要動力。伴隨著我國煤礦業(yè)的發(fā)展,煤礦開采導(dǎo)致了一系列環(huán)境問題。特別是山西省作為全國主要的煤炭產(chǎn)地,中小煤礦的不合理開采帶來的環(huán)境問題尤為嚴重,生態(tài)環(huán)境遭到破壞,制約著礦區(qū)經(jīng)濟的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,嚴重影響人們的生產(chǎn)、生活。在加快煤礦兼并重組,淘汰落后產(chǎn)能,促進煤礦企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展的過程中,礦區(qū)的生態(tài)恢復(fù)工作勢在必行。地表塌陷作為煤礦開采最主要的環(huán)境問題,對塌陷區(qū)的治理也是礦區(qū)生態(tài)恢復(fù)工作的重點。本文深入分析了采煤沉陷的概念、沉陷機理、沉陷的影響因素以及沉陷對生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞,提出了地表沉陷預(yù)計的原理和模型,總結(jié)了比較成熟并廣泛使用的沉陷預(yù)計方法。以生態(tài)學(xué)原理為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合煤礦區(qū)生態(tài)恢復(fù)的原則,并借鑒國內(nèi)外的實踐經(jīng)驗,得出了煤礦區(qū)生態(tài)恢復(fù)的基本措施,以期為山西煤礦沉陷區(qū)的整治提供依據(jù),減少并遏制煤礦采掘帶來的環(huán)境問題。本文以山西壽陽潞陽昌泰煤礦為研究案例,結(jié)合上訴理論和方法,在對該礦區(qū)自然、社會環(huán)境以及礦井開采方式和技術(shù)條件充分認識的基礎(chǔ)上,使用概率積分法對地表沉陷進行預(yù)計,同時結(jié)合遙感影像對其帶來的生態(tài)環(huán)境影響作了預(yù)測,在此基礎(chǔ)上制定了不同土地類型生態(tài)恢復(fù)的方案,進行了效益分析。
[Abstract]:As the necessary material conditions for people's production and life, coal resources are the important motive force of social progress and development. Along with the development of coal mining industry in China, coal mining has caused a series of environmental problems. Especially, Shanxi province is the main coal producing area in the country, and the environmental problems brought by the unreasonable mining of small and medium coal mines are particularly serious. The state environment is destroyed, which restricts the sustainable development of the mining area economy and seriously affects people's production and life. In the process of speeding up the merger and reorganization of coal mines, eliminating backward productivity and promoting the transformation and development of coal mining enterprises, the ecological restoration work of the mining area is imperative. Surface subsidence is the most important environmental problem for coal mining and the subsidence area In this paper, the concept of coal mining subsidence, the mechanism of subsidence, the factors affecting the subsidence and the destruction of the subsidence to the ecological environment are analyzed in this paper. The principle and model of the prediction of the surface subsidence are put forward, and the method of subsidence prediction which is more mature and widely used is summed up based on the ecological principle. The principle of ecological restoration in the coal mine area, and drawing on the practical experience at home and abroad, has obtained the basic measures for the ecological restoration of the coal mine area, in order to provide the basis for the renovation of the subsidence area in Shanxi coal mine, reduce and contain the environmental problems brought by the mining of the coal mine. This paper takes the Luyang Changtai coal mine in Shouyang, Shanxi as the research case, and combines the theory and method of appeal, and On the basis of fully understanding the natural, social environment and mining methods and technical conditions of the mine, the probability integral method is used to predict the surface subsidence, and the ecological environment influence of the remote sensing image is predicted. On this basis, the ecological restoration scheme of different soil types is formulated, and the benefit analysis is carried out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD327;TD88

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本文編號：1925393