發(fā)布時間：2018-05-20 02:36

  本文選題：水射流 + 水力沖孔　； 參考：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：煤與瓦斯突出是影響煤礦安全生產(chǎn)最嚴(yán)重的災(zāi)害之一,隨著開采深度的增加,煤層巷道掘進過程中突出危害越來越嚴(yán)重,傳統(tǒng)的防突措施已不能滿足礦井安全生產(chǎn)需要,因此,本文提出采用水力沖孔技術(shù)消除地應(yīng)力和排放瓦斯的防突思想,主要研究內(nèi)容包括以下幾個方面:1.建立煤層巷道煤與瓦斯突出受力模型,分析了影響突出的因素;依據(jù)Mohr-Coulomb屈服準(zhǔn)則,分析了卸壓區(qū)煤體的穩(wěn)定性,并且提出釋放煤體應(yīng)力和排放瓦斯是擴大煤體卸壓區(qū)寬度、消除煤體突出危險性的有效途徑。而后分析了卸壓后的瓦斯從解吸到逸出到割縫縫槽中的過程,即采取了“解吸—擴散—滲流”的方式進入縫槽。2.從水力沖孔技術(shù)及增透機理出發(fā),首先分析了水力沖孔水射流的主要特征。之后對水力沖孔技術(shù)破煤機理進行研究,依據(jù)動量定理,推導(dǎo)出水射流對煤體表面的總打擊力公式,同時總結(jié)出水射流打擊力與靶距和射流基本參數(shù)間的經(jīng)驗方程。最后根據(jù)以往實驗結(jié)果對射流的最大沖擊力離噴嘴出口距離進行了分析。3.分析研究噴嘴類型和參數(shù)對射流特性的影響,對水力沖孔噴嘴結(jié)構(gòu)和參數(shù)進行選型計算,并對水力沖孔噴頭體結(jié)構(gòu)圖進行了設(shè)計。而后對噴嘴出口水射流壓力及水力沖孔破煤壓力進行了計算,最后確定噴嘴的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸。4.利用FLUENT軟件對水力沖孔噴頭體的內(nèi)部流場進行數(shù)值模擬,并采用FLAC3D軟件對水力沖孔后的卸壓效果進行模擬。水力沖孔的擴孔增透作用主要體現(xiàn)在:首先,沖出大量煤體,為煤體膨脹變形提供了充分的空間,使地應(yīng)力向四周擴散,起到局部卸壓作用。其次,在沖出煤體的過程中排出大量瓦斯,由于煤體的膨脹變形,煤層的透氣性增加,擴大了瓦斯抽采影響半徑,達到理想的抽采效果。最后,沖孔擴孔還增加了煤體裸露表面積,孔洞周圍形成大量裂隙,增加單位時間抽采量,縮短預(yù)抽時間。5.在大平礦工作面進行水力沖孔技術(shù)現(xiàn)場試驗,并觀察水力沖孔后出煤量和排放瓦斯的防突效果。沖孔完成后,孔洞周圍一定范圍內(nèi)煤體應(yīng)力得到釋放,瓦斯排放效果顯著;工作面前方煤體產(chǎn)生位移,集中應(yīng)力向深部轉(zhuǎn)移,突出危險性得到降低或消除。綜述所述:水力沖孔技術(shù)作為一種有效的防突措施,通過釋放煤體應(yīng)力和排放瓦斯,對煤體進行有效卸壓,較明顯的起到了防止煤與瓦斯突出的作用。
[Abstract]:Coal and gas outburst is one of the most serious disasters affecting the safety of coal mine production. With the increase of mining depth, the outburst hazards in the coal roadway excavation process become more and more serious. The traditional anti-outburst measures can no longer meet the needs of mine safety production. In this paper, the idea of using hydraulic punching technology to eliminate stress and gas outburst is put forward. The main research contents are as follows: 1. The stress model of coal and gas outburst in coal roadway is established, and the factors influencing outburst are analyzed. According to the Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion, the stability of coal body in pressure relief area is analyzed, and it is proposed that releasing coal body stress and discharging gas is to enlarge the width of pressure relief zone of coal body. The effective way to eliminate the danger of coal outburst. Then the process of gas desorption from desorption to escape to slit slot is analyzed, that is to say, the "desorption, diffusion-seepage" method is adopted to enter the slot. 2. Based on hydraulic punching technology and antireflection mechanism, the main characteristics of hydraulic punching water jet are analyzed. Based on the momentum theorem, the formula of the total impact force of water jet on coal surface is derived, and the empirical equation between the impact force of water jet and the target distance and the basic parameters of jet is summarized. Finally, the distance from the nozzle outlet of the maximum impact force of the jet was analyzed based on the previous experimental results. The influence of nozzle types and parameters on jet characteristics is analyzed. The structure and parameters of hydraulic punching nozzle are selected and calculated, and the structure diagram of hydraulic punching nozzle is designed. The water jet pressure at the nozzle outlet and the coal breaking pressure at the hydraulic punching hole were calculated, and the structure size of the nozzle was determined. The internal flow field of hydraulic punching nozzle was simulated by FLUENT software, and the pressure relief effect after hydraulic punching was simulated by FLAC3D software. The anti-reflection effect of hydraulic punching is mainly reflected in: firstly, a large number of coal bodies are flushed out, which provides a sufficient space for the expansion and deformation of coal bodies, and makes the in-situ stress spread around the area, which plays a role of local pressure relief. Secondly, a large amount of gas is discharged in the process of flushing out of the coal body. Because of the expansion and deformation of the coal body, the permeability of coal seam increases, which expands the influence radius of gas extraction and achieves the ideal extraction effect. Finally, punching and expanding holes also increase the exposed surface area of coal body, form a large number of cracks around the holes, increase the amount of extraction per unit time, and shorten the pre-extraction time of .5. Field test of hydraulic punching technology was carried out in Daping face, and the effect of coal production and gas outburst prevention after hydraulic punching was observed. After punching, the stress of coal body is released in a certain range around the hole, the effect of gas discharge is remarkable; the coal body in front of the face produces displacement, the concentration stress transfers to the deep, and the danger of outburst is reduced or eliminated. As an effective anti-outburst measure, hydraulic punching technology can effectively relieve the pressure of coal body by releasing coal body stress and discharging gas, which plays an obvious role in preventing coal and gas outburst.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD713.3

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 景國勛;;2008—2013年我國煤礦瓦斯事故規(guī)律分析[J];安全與環(huán)境學(xué)報;2014年05期

2 翟成;李賢忠;李全貴;;煤層脈動水力壓裂卸壓增透技術(shù)研究與應(yīng)用[J];煤炭學(xué)報;2011年12期

3 林柏泉;李子文;翟成;比強;溫永宇;;高壓脈動水力壓裂卸壓增透技術(shù)及應(yīng)用[J];采礦與安全工程學(xué)報;2011年03期

4 謝和平;錢鳴高;彭蘇萍;胡省三;成玉琪;周宏偉;;煤炭科學(xué)產(chǎn)能及發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略初探[J];中國工程科學(xué);2011年06期

5 王剛;程衛(wèi)民;謝軍;陳金華;;煤與瓦斯突出過程中煤體瓦斯的作用研究[J];中國安全科學(xué)學(xué)報;2010年09期

6 夏仕柏;趙文武;劉彥偉;孟磊;;水力沖孔快速消突效果分析[J];煤礦安全;2010年02期

7 朱建安;高振周;;水力沖孔噴嘴流場的數(shù)值模擬分析[J];煤炭技術(shù);2010年02期

8 李國旗;毛振彬;任培良;;底板巷水力沖孔快速消突技術(shù)在李溝礦的應(yīng)用[J];煤礦安全;2009年11期

9 陶明文;;我國煤炭工業(yè)發(fā)展前景分析[J];長春理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(高教版);2009年01期

10 劉健;劉澤功;石必明;蔡峰;;深孔預(yù)裂控制爆破技術(shù)在低透氣性煤層巷道掘進中的應(yīng)用研究[J];建井技術(shù);2008年03期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 饒培軍;高壓旋轉(zhuǎn)磨料射流割縫卸壓增透技術(shù)研究[D];中國礦業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

2 孫龍;煤與瓦斯延期突出機理研究[D];鄭州大學(xué);2013年

3 任培良;水力沖孔卸壓增透技術(shù)的研究與應(yīng)用[D];河南理工大學(xué);2009年

4 張春華;石門揭煤過程中圍巖的力學(xué)特征數(shù)值模擬[D];安徽理工大學(xué);2007年

5 蔡峰;煤巷掘進過程中煤與瓦斯突出機理的研究[D];安徽理工大學(xué);2005年

，

本文編號：1912840