本文選題：自流井構(gòu)造 + 鹵水��； 參考：《中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：深層地下鹵水是一種液體礦床,具有極高的工業(yè)價值,可以用來制鹽,還可以提取溴、鉀、鋰、鍶、鋇等微量元素。本文針對開采歷史比較悠久的四川盆地自流井構(gòu)造,對其深層地下鹵水的儲集富集條件以及水化學特征進行分析,同時計算深層鹵水的資源量。分布在自流井背斜構(gòu)造的地下鹵水分為兩類,第一類儲鹵層為以長石石英砂巖等碎屑巖為主的上三疊統(tǒng)須家河組儲鹵層系,埋深大約50-500 m左右賦存黃鹵,第二類巖性以灰?guī)r、白云巖等碳酸鹽巖為主的下中三疊統(tǒng)嘉陵江-雷口坡組儲鹵層系,埋深在920-1030 m左右賦存黑鹵。碎屑巖孔隙度8.1%-10.92%,碳酸鹽巖儲鹵層孔隙度6.33%~12.98%,為低孔隙含鹵層。在背斜褶皺及斷裂發(fā)育處裂隙發(fā)育,增大儲鹵空間,連通性提高,儲鹵范圍主要受背斜范圍控制,鹵水的富集主要受斷裂控制,主要分布在黃葛坡和東南翼兩大斷裂帶。黃葛坡斷裂帶開采鹵水占整個構(gòu)造的74%。采用常規(guī)組分分析鹵水的水化學特征,自流井構(gòu)造鹵水礦化度171.73-238.48g/L,水化學類型均為Cl-Na型。陽離子主要以Na+為主,陰離子中Cl-為主。通過離子比例系數(shù)分析與海水蒸發(fā)濃縮曲線對比方法分析,黃鹵中相對富集Ca2+、Mg2+、Ba2+、Sr2+,黑鹵中富集K+、Na+、Li+,微量元素Br-、Li+、Sr2+已超過單獨工業(yè)開采標準,K+在黑鹵中超過單獨工業(yè)開采標準。通過δ2H、δ18O同位素分析以及與蒸發(fā)海水曲線對比,黑鹵起源于古海水,經(jīng)過白云石化、鹽類沉淀、脫硫酸等過程而形成;結(jié)合Br×103/Cl等離子比例系數(shù)的分析結(jié)果,黃鹵成因與沉積水有關(guān),可能起源于海源陸相同生沉積水或古大氣降水,經(jīng)過隔膜滲濾、陽離子交換吸附、斜長石鈉長石化等作用而形成。采用容積法估算本區(qū)黃鹵天然資源量,結(jié)果為20.7×108 m3,與實際開采量1.6626×108 m3對比得到開采系數(shù)0.0803。黑鹵資源量采用三維非穩(wěn)定流數(shù)學模型運用Modflow軟件進行計算,根據(jù)鹵水產(chǎn)區(qū)產(chǎn)量分布抽水井,確定開采量。利用儲鹵層參數(shù)初值進行調(diào)參模擬,與實際水頭進行擬合。水頭降至儲鹵層頂板確定為可開采量,計算得到可開采量為1.28×108 m3,實際開采量為1.12×108 m3,但實際水頭低于計算水頭值,認為實際水文地質(zhì)參數(shù)略偏小,且儲鹵層鹵水可開采量已經(jīng)開采殆盡。
[Abstract]:Deep underground brine is a kind of liquid deposit with high industrial value. It can be used to make salt and to extract trace elements such as bromine, potassium, lithium, strontium, barium and so on. In this paper, aiming at the artesian well structure of Sichuan Basin with a long history of exploitation, the reservoir and enrichment conditions and hydrochemical characteristics of deep layer underground brine are analyzed, and the resources of deep brine are calculated at the same time. There are two types of underground brine distributed in the anticline structure of Ziliujing. The first type is the upper Triassic Xujiahe formation, which is dominated by clastic rocks such as feldspar quartz sandstone. The buried depth is about 50-500 m, and the second type of lithology is limestone. The lower Triassic Jialingjiang-Leikoupo formation, dominated by dolomite and other carbonate rocks, is a halogen reservoir with a buried depth of 920-1030 m. The porosity of clastic rocks ranged from 8.1 to 10.92, and the porosity of carbonate reservoir and halogen layer was 6.33 and 12.98, which was low porosity halogenated layer. In the anticline fold and fault development, the fissure develops, increases the storage halogen space, enhances the connectivity, the storage range is mainly controlled by the anticline range, and the enrichment of brine is mainly controlled by the fault, mainly distributed in the Huanggepo and southeast wing fault zones. Exploitation of brine in Huanggepo fault zone accounts for 74% of the whole structure. The hydrochemical characteristics of the brine were analyzed by conventional components. The salinity of the structural brine in the self-flowing well was 171.73-238.48g / L, and the hydrochemical types were all of Cl-Na type. The cations mainly consist of Na and Cl- in anions. By comparing the ion ratio coefficient analysis with the evaporation and concentration curve of seawater, the results show that the relative enrichment of Ca2 _ (2) mg _ (2) O _ (2) Ba _ (2) O _ (2) Sr _ (2) in yellow halogen, and the enrichment of K _ (2) Na _ The trace element Br-Li Li Sr 2 has exceeded the standard of industrial exploitation in black brine. By means of 未 _ 2H, 未 _ 18O isotopic analysis and comparing with the curve of evaporative seawater, the black halogen originated from the ancient seawater and was formed through dolomitization, salt precipitation, desulfurization and so on, and combined with the results of Br 脳 103/Cl plasma ratio coefficient analysis. The origin of yellow halogen is related to sedimentary water, which may originate from the same sedimentary water or paleo-atmospheric precipitation from sea source and land, and may be formed by membrane filtration, cation exchange adsorption, plagioclase albite formation and so on. The volume method is used to estimate the natural resources of yellow halogen in this area. The result is 20.7 脳 108m3.Compared with the actual mining capacity of 1.6626 脳 108m3, the mining coefficient is 0.0803. The resource quantity of black brine is calculated by using Modflow software by using three-dimensional unstable flow mathematical model. According to the production distribution of pumping well in brine producing area, the extraction rate is determined. The initial parameters of the halogen reservoir are simulated and fitted with the actual water head. When the water head drops to the roof of the halogen reservoir, it is determined that the mining capacity is 1.28 脳 10 ~ 8 m ~ 3, and the actual mining capacity is 1.12 脳 10 ~ 8 m ~ 3, but the actual water head is lower than the calculated water head, and the actual hydrogeological parameters are slightly smaller. Moreover, the recoverable amount of brine in the halogen reservoir has been exhausted.
【學位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P619.211

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本文編號：1906594