滇東北會澤超大型鉛鋅礦床礦質(zhì)來源與改造成礦作用
本文選題:改造成礦作用 + 會澤超大型鉛鋅礦床; 參考:《高校地質(zhì)學報》2017年04期
【摘要】:"改造成礦作用"理論是中國科學院涂光熾院士提出的完善礦床成因分類學"四分法"的新理論,是中國學者對世界地球科學的重要貢獻。該文根據(jù)會澤鉛-鋅(銀、鍺)礦床地質(zhì)地球化學特征,列舉其沉積改造的充分證據(jù),用改造成礦的四大要素審視其礦床成因,認同它是典型而獨特的沉積—強烈改造礦床,并以重要的宏觀地質(zhì)為依據(jù),注意到峨眉山玄武巖(260 Ma)本身及昆陽群褶皺基底均未賦存一定規(guī)模的鉛鋅礦床,認為玄武巖與基底供給會澤鉛鋅礦(245~246 Ma)成礦物質(zhì)有限,成巖與成礦時差太大,且成礦斷層切割玄武巖,說明玄武巖成巖在先,鉛、鋅成礦在后,二者無直接成因聯(lián)系。對會澤鉛鋅礦床的物質(zhì)來源,有主張來自地層、基底、玄武巖或多來源者,但以何者為主,多種金屬是否同源尚缺深入討論,文章特別對地層、基底、峨眉山玄武巖中各成礦元素的含量、富集系數(shù)及富集類型進行系統(tǒng)的求算與分析研究,以討論各種成礦金屬的可能來源幾率及其對成礦的貢獻估計。結果顯示:銀在各地質(zhì)體中均高倍富集,可提供充沛礦質(zhì),鉛次之;鋅則相反,多為正常元素或虧損元素,鍺、鎵、銦亦然,故礦石中的鋅、鍺、鎵、銦,更可能為深部提供。結合大量的微量元素、稀土元素、鉛、硫、鍶、碳、氫、氧同位素等地球化學資料分析研究,認為地層,特別是震旦—寒武系、泥盆系、下石炭統(tǒng)擺佐組(C1b)與深部是主要的礦質(zhì)來源,不同金屬可同源或異源。礦床受地層巖性與構造的雙重控制,與巖漿活動無關,具備改造成礦要素,屬典型的沉積—強烈改造鉛鋅礦床,且具超大、特富、多金屬富集的獨特性。海西期下石炭統(tǒng)擺佐組已沉積成巖成礦或形成礦源層,后經(jīng)印支期構造運動強烈改造而超常富集成礦,多掩蓋其沉積特征,它屬于沉積改造礦床"會澤式"。
[Abstract]:The theory of "reformed mineralization" is a new theory proposed by academician Tu Guangchi of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to perfect the "quaternion" method of ore deposit genetic taxonomy. It is also an important contribution of Chinese scholars to the world earth science. Based on the geological and geochemical characteristics of the Huize lead-zinc (silver, germanium) deposit, this paper enumerates the sufficient evidence of its sedimentary transformation, examines the genesis of the deposit with the four major elements of the reformed ore formation, and agrees that it is a typical and unique deposition-intensive reformed deposit. On the basis of the important macroscopic geology, it is noted that there are no Pb-Zn deposits of a certain scale in the Emeishan basalt (260 Maa) and in the folded basement of the Kunyang Group. It is considered that the basalt and basement supply the Huize Pb-Zn ore deposit with a limited amount of mineral-forming materials. The difference between diagenesis and metallogenic time is too big, and the ore-forming fault cuts basalt, indicating that basalt diagenesis is first, lead and zinc mineralization are later, and there is no direct genetic relationship between them. The material sources of the Huize Pb-Zn deposit are advocated from strata, basement, basalt or multi-source, but what is the main source, and whether many kinds of metals are homologous is still discussed in depth. The contents, enrichment coefficients and enrichment types of metallogenic elements in Emeishan basalt are calculated and analyzed systematically in order to discuss the possible source probability of various metallogenic metals and their contribution to metallogenic estimation. The results show that silver is highly enriched in various plastids and can provide abundant minerals, followed by lead, whereas zinc is mostly normal elements or depleted elements, germanium, gallium and indium, so the zinc, germanium, gallium and indium in ore are more likely to be provided in the deep. Combining with a large number of geochemical data such as trace elements, rare earth elements, lead, sulfur, strontium, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, it is concluded that the strata, especially the Sinian Cambrian, Devonian, etc. The lower Carboniferous Chingzuo formation C _ 1b) and the depth are the main sources of minerals, different metals can be homologous or heterogenetic. The deposit is controlled by stratigraphic lithology and tectonics and has nothing to do with magmatic activity. It is a typical deposition-strongly reformed lead-zinc deposit, and has the unique characteristics of super-large, super-rich and polymetallic enrichment. The Lower Carboniferous Bendao formation in the Hercynian period has been depositional and diagenetic or has formed ore-source beds, and has been enriched and enriched by the Indosinian tectonic movement, covering up its sedimentary characteristics, which belongs to the "Huize type" of sedimentary reformation deposits.
【作者單位】: 昆明理工大學國土資源工程學院;
【基金】:國家自然科學基金(41102049) 西南地區(qū)層控型多金屬礦床成礦規(guī)律總結研究(20089943)聯(lián)合資助
【分類號】:P618.42;P618.43
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