本文選題：沿空留巷 + 底鼓　； 參考：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：沿空留巷具有緩解采掘接替、實(shí)現(xiàn)“Y”型通風(fēng)、提高煤炭采出率的優(yōu)勢(shì)得到快速發(fā)展,但沿空留巷嚴(yán)重底鼓現(xiàn)象成為制約其發(fā)展的瓶頸之一。本文綜合應(yīng)用理論分析、數(shù)值模擬、相似模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)等方法,系統(tǒng)研究了沿空留巷底板變形規(guī)律及特征,建立沿空留巷底鼓力學(xué)模型,并分析底板應(yīng)力及破壞范圍變化規(guī)律,提出合理的底鼓控制技術(shù)等,主要研究成果如下:(1)沿空留巷底板變形規(guī)律及特征:底板變形主要發(fā)生在一次回采工作面前方40m至工作面后方80m范圍內(nèi),二次回采工作面前方80m范圍內(nèi);一次回采工作面前方工作面?zhèn)鹊装遄冃渭捌茐某潭却笥趯?shí)煤體側(cè),沿空留巷階段實(shí)煤體側(cè)底板變形大于巷旁支護(hù)體側(cè)。(2)采用復(fù)變函數(shù)理論,分析沿空留巷底板應(yīng)力分布規(guī)律及影響因素:底角應(yīng)力集中程度較大;隨著巷道寬高比的增大,底角和底板應(yīng)力減小;隨著側(cè)壓系數(shù)的增大,底角應(yīng)力增大,底板應(yīng)力減小;隨著埋深的增大,底角和底板應(yīng)力均增大。(3)通過(guò)分析沿空留巷頂板破壞規(guī)律及兩幫圍巖不對(duì)稱(chēng)承載特性,建立沿空留巷底鼓力學(xué)模型,結(jié)合半無(wú)限平面體理論,推導(dǎo)出底板應(yīng)力表達(dá)式,采用D-P準(zhǔn)則計(jì)算底板破壞范圍。(4)根據(jù)沿空留巷底板應(yīng)力等值線(xiàn)和破壞范圍曲線(xiàn),揭示沿空留巷底鼓機(jī)理:隨著底板應(yīng)力和破壞范圍的增大,一部分底鼓量由新增大破壞范圍內(nèi)巖體變形產(chǎn)生,另一部分底鼓量由原破壞范圍內(nèi)巖體在更高應(yīng)力作用下失穩(wěn)變形產(chǎn)生。隨著底板應(yīng)力和破壞范圍的減小,只有原破壞范圍內(nèi)巖體在較小的應(yīng)力作用下產(chǎn)生變形,底鼓量減小。由于底板應(yīng)力和破壞范圍的不對(duì)稱(chēng)性,造成不對(duì)稱(chēng)性底鼓。(5)加強(qiáng)頂板、兩幫支護(hù)能夠降低底板應(yīng)力和破壞范圍,有效控制底鼓;增加底角錨桿不僅能提高底板巖體弱面的抗剪強(qiáng)度,同時(shí)可提高圍巖的殘余強(qiáng)度,通過(guò)合理的安裝角度能夠發(fā)揮最大的加固作用,有效控制沿空留巷底鼓。工業(yè)性試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,研究成果有效指導(dǎo)了新元煤礦3107輔助進(jìn)風(fēng)巷底鼓控制,為工作面安全生產(chǎn)提供了有利條件。
[Abstract]:The roadway along the gob has the advantage of relieving the excavation, realizing "Y" ventilation and increasing the coal mining rate, but the serious bottom bulging phenomenon along the gob has become one of the bottlenecks that restrict the development of the roadway. Based on theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, similar simulation experiment and field test, the deformation law and characteristics of bottom plate along gob are studied systematically in this paper, and the mechanical model of bottom heave along goaf is established. At the same time, the variation law of stress and failure range of bottom plate is analyzed, and reasonable bottom drum control technology is put forward. The main research results are as follows: (1) the deformation law and characteristics of the floor along the gob: the deformation of the floor mainly occurs in the range of 40m from the front of the first stoping face to 80m behind the working face, and 80m from the front of the secondary mining face; The deformation and damage degree of the side floor in the front face of the primary mining face is greater than that of the solid coal side, and the deformation of the solid coal side floor is greater than that of the side support side of the roadway side in the stage of gob retaining roadway.) the theory of complex variable function is adopted. The stress distribution law and influencing factors along the goaf roadway are analyzed: the stress concentration degree of bottom angle is great, the bottom angle and floor stress decrease with the increase of the ratio of roadway width to height, the bottom angle stress increases with the increase of lateral pressure coefficient, and the bottom stress decreases with the increase of side pressure coefficient. With the increase of buried depth, the bottom angle and floor stress increase. 3) by analyzing the failure law of roof along goaf and the asymmetric bearing characteristics of surrounding rock of two sides, the mechanical model of bottom heave along goaf is established, which is combined with the theory of semi-infinite plane body. The stress expression of bottom plate is deduced, and the failure range of floor plate is calculated by using D-P criterion.) according to the isoline of stress and the curve of failure range, the mechanism of bottom bulging along goaf is revealed: with the increase of floor stress and failure range, One part of the bottom drum is produced by rock mass deformation in the new large failure range, and the other part is caused by the instability deformation of the rock mass under higher stress in the original failure range. With the decrease of floor stress and failure range, only the rock mass in the original failure range is deformed under the action of small stress, and the floor heave decreases. Because of the asymmetry of the stress and the failure range of the bottom plate, the asymmetric floor drum. 5) strengthen the roof, the two supports can reduce the stress and the failure range of the floor plate, and effectively control the floor drum. Increasing the bottom angle anchor can not only improve the shear strength of the weak surface of the floor rock, but also increase the residual strength of the surrounding rock. Through the reasonable installation angle, it can play the greatest reinforcement role and effectively control the bottom heave along the goaf. The industrial test results show that the research results can effectively guide the 3107 auxiliary air entry roadway floor drum control in Xinyuan Coal Mine and provide favorable conditions for the safe production of the working face.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TD353

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