發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-12 22:31

  本文選題：后橋殼 + 有限元分析��； 參考：《中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),礦用自卸車(chē)因承載能力強(qiáng)大而得到了人們廣泛青睞,在我國(guó)的銷(xiāo)量逐年穩(wěn)定遞增,并實(shí)現(xiàn)了 300噸級(jí)礦用自卸車(chē)國(guó)產(chǎn)化。礦用自卸車(chē)驅(qū)動(dòng)后橋系統(tǒng)是汽車(chē)傳動(dòng)系的總成之一,其基本功用是在承受載荷的同時(shí),將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)輸出的扭矩最后傳遞到驅(qū)動(dòng)輪,以達(dá)到車(chē)輛行駛的目的。后橋殼是驅(qū)動(dòng)后橋系統(tǒng)的基體,在車(chē)輛行駛過(guò)程中需承受多種載荷的作用,其結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)直接影響礦用自卸汽車(chē)的安全性和可靠性,是自卸車(chē)極為重要的安全件和功能件。通常后橋殼的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)憑借經(jīng)驗(yàn)和手冊(cè),設(shè)計(jì)的產(chǎn)品由于復(fù)雜的工況環(huán)境無(wú)法采用經(jīng)典力學(xué)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度校核,設(shè)計(jì)師憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)會(huì)采用保守設(shè)計(jì),這樣必然導(dǎo)致設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)品笨重且不合理。本文基于某300噸級(jí)礦用自卸車(chē)整車(chē)的參數(shù)和工況分析,對(duì)礦用自卸車(chē)后橋殼進(jìn)行了以下幾個(gè)方面的研究:首先,調(diào)研國(guó)內(nèi)外礦用自卸車(chē)不同的車(chē)型,結(jié)合大量文獻(xiàn),列出幾個(gè)品牌公司暢銷(xiāo)款型整車(chē)的基本尺寸;根據(jù)A型懸架和三連桿懸架優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)的對(duì)比,確定后懸懸架的設(shè)計(jì)方案,并給出后懸的基本結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸。其次,由于車(chē)架和后橋系統(tǒng)緊密相連,根據(jù)車(chē)架承載情況,計(jì)算后橋殼的受力大小,通過(guò)校核連接緊固件,確定后橋殼的基本尺寸;并對(duì)后橋殼焊接工藝進(jìn)行分析研究。再次,對(duì)后橋殼結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行整體設(shè)計(jì),繪制二維圖紙,并建立三維實(shí)體模型;利用有限元分析軟件ANSYS workbench,建立有限元模型,基于正常工況和極端工況,對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的后橋殼結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度分析。最后,采用正交試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)給出樣本,通過(guò)有限元軟件計(jì)算響應(yīng)值,即可構(gòu)建Krigng代理模型。本文采用多島遺傳算法(MIGA)對(duì)后橋殼進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),并與非支配排序遺傳算法(NSGA-II)優(yōu)化結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,兩種方法可確保優(yōu)化結(jié)果的合理性,而較優(yōu)化前,優(yōu)化后的后橋殼重量得到了大幅度降低。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the mine dump truck has been widely favored by people because of its strong carrying capacity. The sales volume in our country has been steadily increasing year by year, and the 300 ton mine dump truck has been made locally. The driving rear axle system of mine dump truck is one of the assemblies of the automobile transmission system. Its basic function is to transfer the torque of engine output to the driving wheel at the same time of bearing the load, so as to achieve the purpose of driving the vehicle. The rear axle housing is the base of driving the rear axle system, and it must bear many kinds of loads in the driving process of the vehicle. Its structure design directly affects the safety and reliability of the mine dump truck, and is an extremely important safety and function part of the dump truck. Usually, the structural design of the rear axle shell depends on the experience and manual, the design product can not be checked by classical mechanics because of the complex working condition environment, the designer will adopt conservative design based on the experience. This will inevitably lead to heavy and unreasonable design products. Based on the analysis of the parameters and working conditions of a 300-ton mine dump truck, this paper studies the rear axle shell of the mine dump truck in the following aspects: firstly, it investigates the different models of the mine dump truck at home and abroad, combined with a large number of documents. According to the comparison of advantages and disadvantages between A-type suspension and three-link suspension, the design scheme of rear suspension is determined, and the basic structural dimensions of rear suspension are given. Secondly, because the frame and the rear axle system are closely connected, according to the loading condition of the frame, the force size of the rear axle shell is calculated, and the basic size of the rear axle shell is determined by checking the fastener, and the welding technology of the rear axle shell is analyzed and studied. Thirdly, the structure of rear axle shell is designed as a whole, 2D drawing is drawn, and three-dimensional solid model is established. The finite element model is established by using finite element analysis software ANSYS workbench, which is based on normal and extreme working conditions. The strength of the rear axle shell is analyzed. Finally, the Krigng agent model can be constructed by using the orthogonal test design to give the sample, and the response value is calculated by the finite element software. In this paper, multi-island genetic algorithm (MIGA) is used to optimize the design of the rear axle shell, and the optimization results are compared with the results of the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). The two methods can ensure the rationality of the optimization results, but before the optimization, the two methods can ensure the rationality of the optimization results. The weight of the optimized rear axle shell is greatly reduced.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TD50

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