本文選題：煤礦巖層 + 爆破參數(shù)優(yōu)化��； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文主要針對扎哈淖爾露天礦巖層臺階不合理爆破參數(shù)，導(dǎo)致有些巖層爆區(qū)爆破效果好，有些巖層爆區(qū)效果不理想，大塊率不合理，單耗偏高，從而影響該礦的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。該礦巖層臺階主要以中、粗砂巖、泥巖等中軟巖為主，每次爆破效果不錯，但是該礦巖層臺階爆破大多采用統(tǒng)一的爆破參數(shù)，不加以區(qū)分巖層臺階巖石的主要成分，使爆破效果還沒有達(dá)到最佳。因此，本文針對該礦巖層臺階爆破參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，根據(jù)不同地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、巖性情況，進(jìn)行爆破分區(qū)，提出最優(yōu)爆破參數(shù)方案，在保證爆破效果的前提下，降低爆破成本，提高爆破效率，，從而降低礦山的開采成本。 本文具體研究內(nèi)容與方法如下： （1）本文通過查閱文獻(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)國內(nèi)外露天礦爆破參數(shù)優(yōu)化相關(guān)理論與方法，同時收集扎哈淖爾露天煤礦巖層地質(zhì)資料，及該礦的每次巖層爆破使用的設(shè)計參數(shù)和相應(yīng)統(tǒng)計的爆破效果資料；為優(yōu)化該礦巖層臺階爆破提供基礎(chǔ)資料。 （2）應(yīng)用層次分析法分析影響露天礦巖層臺階爆破效果的權(quán)值，分析確定影響爆破效果的主控因素。 （3）通過層次分析法得到影響爆破效果的因素，然后將這些影響因素指導(dǎo)工業(yè)試驗(yàn)。具體是在實(shí)驗(yàn)室測得不同臺階巖層的力學(xué)性質(zhì)與構(gòu)造數(shù)據(jù)前提下，利用逐漸調(diào)整孔網(wǎng)參數(shù)、底盤抵抗線、炸藥單耗等數(shù)據(jù)，應(yīng)用到現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn)爆破，得到不同爆破效果，將這些數(shù)據(jù)收集后作為BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)爆破優(yōu)化模型的訓(xùn)練樣本數(shù)據(jù)。 （4）利用現(xiàn)場現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)作為樣本建立BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)爆破優(yōu)化模型，經(jīng)驗(yàn)證模型誤差在合理范圍內(nèi)，該模型可以作為優(yōu)化該礦巖層臺階爆破參數(shù)依據(jù)。 （5）模型確定后，將不同巖層臺階巖石力學(xué)參數(shù)與理想的爆破效果作為輸入?yún)?shù)，得到優(yōu)化后的輸出參數(shù)；根據(jù)現(xiàn)場實(shí)際情況，對這些優(yōu)化后參數(shù)進(jìn)行微調(diào)，最終確定該礦不同巖層的最優(yōu)的爆破參數(shù)；將優(yōu)化后的爆破參數(shù)應(yīng)用到現(xiàn)場實(shí)踐，分析爆破效果與經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，得出結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly aims at the unreasonable blasting parameters of rock strata in Zahannaoer opencast mine, which results in good blasting effect in some rock strata blasting areas and unsatisfactory blasting effect in some rock strata, unreasonable bulk rate and high unit consumption, thus affecting the economic benefits of the mine. The main rock bench in this mine is medium soft rock, coarse sandstone, mudstone and so on, and the blasting effect is good every time. However, the blasting parameters of the strata are mostly unified and the main components of the rock strata are not distinguished. The blasting effect has not reached the best yet. Therefore, this paper optimizes the blasting parameters of rock strata in this mine, according to the different geological structure and lithology, carries on the blasting division, proposes the optimum blasting parameter plan, under the premise of ensuring the blasting effect, reduces the blasting cost. To improve the blasting efficiency and reduce the mining cost. The contents and methods of this paper are as follows: In this paper, the relevant theories and methods of blasting parameters optimization in open-pit mines at home and abroad are studied, and the geological data of rock strata in Zahannaoer opencast coal mine are collected at the same time. And the design parameters and the corresponding statistical blasting effect data of each rock stratum blasting in this mine, which provides the basic data for optimizing the rock strata bench blasting in the mine. (2) Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is applied to analyze the weight of bench blasting effect in open-pit rock strata, and the main controlling factors are analyzed and determined. The factors influencing the blasting effect are obtained by AHP, and then these factors are used to guide the industrial test. Specifically, on the premise of the mechanical properties and structural data of different steps measured in the laboratory, using the data of gradually adjusting the parameters of the hole network, the resistance line of the chassis and the unit consumption of the explosive, the data are applied to the field test blasting, and different blasting effects are obtained. These data are collected as training sample data of BP neural network blasting optimization model. 4) the BP neural network blasting optimization model is established by using the field test data as the sample. It is verified that the model error is within a reasonable range, and the model can be used as the basis for optimizing the blasting parameters of the strata of the mine. After the model is determined, the rock mechanics parameters and the ideal blasting effect of different strata are taken as input parameters, and the optimized output parameters are obtained, and these optimized parameters are fine-tuned according to the actual situation in the field. Finally, the optimal blasting parameters of different strata of the mine are determined, the optimized blasting parameters are applied to the field practice, the blasting effect and economic benefit are analyzed, and the conclusion is drawn.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD824.2

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