本文選題：沖擊地壓 + 動態(tài)擴容��； 參考：《北京科技大學》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：煤巷沖擊地壓是安全生產(chǎn)的巨大隱患和威脅。本文以華亭礦區(qū)煤巷沖擊地壓為對象,對礦山巷道沖擊地壓的發(fā)生機理及防治方法進行了試驗和理論研究。(1)分析了華亭煤田地質(zhì)特征及沖擊地壓發(fā)生與開采的相關(guān)性；通過統(tǒng)計分析,初步掌握了沖擊地壓顯現(xiàn)的規(guī)律和破壞狀況。(2)對華亭煤田煤巖沖擊傾向性進行了試驗研究,確定了華亭煤田煤巖的沖擊傾向性,同時采用主成分方法對沖擊傾向性進行了綜合指標分析。(3)通過煤巖力學試驗和現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù),發(fā)現(xiàn)煤巖動態(tài)擴容和邊界放大現(xiàn)象在沖擊地壓產(chǎn)生過程中所起到的重要作用。建立了描述煤巖擴容的理論模型,闡明巷道圍巖動態(tài)擴容引起沖擊地壓的機理。通過現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測和數(shù)值模擬,分析了巷道圍巖靜力學和動力學上的邊界放大現(xiàn)象,為沖擊地壓解危和支護系統(tǒng)參數(shù)優(yōu)化提供了理論依據(jù)。(4)針對華亭煤田特有的煤巷底板沖擊地壓顯現(xiàn)的情況,進行了巷道底板突變失穩(wěn)的理論分析。提出了底板非協(xié)調(diào)變形的機制,采用中厚板理論和尖點突變模型對底板結(jié)構(gòu)性進行失穩(wěn)分析,指出了底板失穩(wěn)的關(guān)鍵控制指標。(5)研究沖擊危險巷道的解危措施,系統(tǒng)性地分析煤礦沖擊性巷道解危方法,除了如大直徑鉆孔、煤層注水、爆破卸壓等方法外,針對華亭煤田的具體情況,結(jié)合理論分析和邊界放大現(xiàn)象,提出了沖擊性巷道定向解危方法,現(xiàn)場實踐效果良好。(6)建立了沖擊性巷道支護系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計方法,通過合理地進行支護參數(shù)的優(yōu)化和支護設(shè)計的創(chuàng)新性改進,來減弱或消除沖擊礦壓對井下巷道的破壞作用。在動態(tài)擴容的基礎(chǔ)上提出了長錨桿短錨索匹配原則。分別從錨索承受的能量、煤體聚集的能量以及支護的承載能力等角度進行理論分析及數(shù)值模擬檢驗,并經(jīng)過了現(xiàn)場效果驗證。
[Abstract]:Coal roadway impact ground pressure is a huge hidden danger and threat to safety production. In this paper, the coal roadway impact ground pressure in Huating mining area is taken as the object, and the occurrence mechanism and prevention methods of the impact ground pressure in the mine roadway are studied experimentally and theoretically. 1) the geological characteristics of Huating coal field and the correlation between the occurrence of the impact ground pressure and the mining are analyzed. Through statistical analysis, we have preliminarily grasped the law of percussive ground pressure appearance and the damage condition. (2) the impact tendency of coal and rock in Huating coal field has been studied experimentally, and the impact tendency of coal and rock in Huating coalfield has been determined. At the same time, the principal component method is used to analyze the impact tendency. (3) based on the coal rock mechanics test and field monitoring data, it is found that the dynamic expansion and boundary magnification of coal and rock play an important role in the process of rock burst. A theoretical model describing the expansion of coal and rock is established, and the mechanism of rock burst caused by dynamic expansion of surrounding rock of roadway is clarified. Through field monitoring and numerical simulation, the phenomenon of boundary amplification in statics and dynamics of surrounding rock of roadway is analyzed. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the relief of perils by impact ground pressure and the optimization of supporting system parameters. (4) in view of the percussive behavior of coal roadway floor in Huating coalfield, this paper makes a theoretical analysis of sudden instability of roadway floor. The mechanism of non-conforming deformation of floor plate is put forward, and the structural instability of floor plate is analyzed by means of plate theory and cusp catastrophe model, and the key control index of floor instability is pointed out. In this paper, the authors systematically analyze the perilous method of impact roadway in coal mine. Besides the methods such as large diameter drilling, coal seam water injection, blasting pressure relief and so on, in view of the concrete situation of Huating coalfield, combined with theoretical analysis and boundary magnification phenomenon, In this paper, the directional risk solving method of impact roadway is put forward, and the design method of supporting system of impact roadway is established with good practical effect on the spot. Through reasonable optimization of supporting parameters and innovative improvement of supporting design, To weaken or eliminate the impact rock pressure on the underground roadway damage. On the basis of dynamic expansion, the matching principle of long bolt and short anchor cable is put forward. The theoretical analysis and numerical simulation test are carried out from the angles of the energy of anchor cable, the energy of coal mass accumulation and the bearing capacity of support, respectively, and verified by the field effect.
【學位授予單位】：北京科技大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TD324

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本文編號：1815122