本文選題：巨厚礫巖 + 三維模型試驗　； 參考：《西安科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：具有堅硬巨厚頂板、大埋深、厚煤層的采場,其覆巖結構及運動是礦井動載礦壓事故的重要影響因素。巨厚礫巖層作為一種特殊的含煤地層結構,由于其結構和力學等特殊性質,使得隨著工作面煤層開挖,巨厚礫巖的破斷前后支承壓力分規(guī)律與一般開采環(huán)境存在一定的差異性。支承壓力往往是采場圍巖災害的主要動力來源,研究巨厚礫巖下采場支承壓力分布規(guī)律具有重要意義。本文以千秋煤礦巨厚礫巖層地質條件為基礎,通過建立適合的支承壓力力學模型并對巨厚礫巖層下采場周圍支承壓力分布規(guī)律進行數(shù)值計算,同時對光纖在外載荷作用下頻移分布規(guī)律進行了探究試驗,為分布式光纖應用于模型試驗煤層底板支承壓力測試奠定基礎,其次搭建三維模型試驗平臺,研究采場周圍煤巖體支承壓力分布規(guī)律,并首次提出了分布式傳感光纖支承壓力測試系統(tǒng)。研究表明,根據(jù)關鍵層理論和關鍵層破斷前后載荷轉移特點建立的理論模型,得出傾向支承壓力峰值約38 MPa,峰值到煤壁距離約95 m,影響范圍約200 m,走向支承壓力峰值約51 MPa,峰值到煤壁距離約100 m,影響范圍約210 m;通過FLAC3D數(shù)值模擬,得出巨厚礫巖層下采場周圍走向和傾向支承壓力分布規(guī)律及塑性區(qū)分布特征;對傳感光纖進行了標定試驗,結果表明外載荷和光纖布里淵頻移呈較好的線性關系,擬合系數(shù)達到0.952,并首次提出了模型試驗傳感光纖支承壓力測試系統(tǒng);三維物理相似模型實驗中,巨厚礫巖層初次破斷和周期破斷都伴隨著工作面強烈的壓力顯現(xiàn),其中下組巨厚礫巖破壞初次破壞距離384m,下組礫巖周期破斷距離約為117.3 m,上組礫巖層初次破斷距離約為576 m,上組礫巖層周期破斷距離約為208 m,下組礫巖層破斷是采場周圍動力災害的主要動力來源;分布式光纖支承壓力測試系統(tǒng)能夠用于模型試驗中表征支承壓力的變化規(guī)律,與壓力傳感器相比有良好的對應關系,且光纖測試具有高精度、抗干擾能力強等電式傳感器不具備的優(yōu)點,為模型實驗支承壓力測試提供新思路。
[Abstract]:The overburden structure and movement of stope with hard and thick roof, large buried depth and thick coal seam are the important influencing factors of mine dynamic rock pressure accident. As a kind of special coal-bearing stratum structure, due to its special properties such as structure and mechanics, the supporting pressure law of the super-thick conglomerate before and after breaking is different from that of the general mining environment along with the coal seam excavation in the working face. Bearing pressure is often the main power source of surrounding rock disaster in stope. It is of great significance to study the distribution law of supporting pressure in stope under giant thick conglomerate. Based on the geological conditions of the giant thick conglomerate in Qianqiu coal mine, a suitable supporting pressure mechanical model is established and the distribution of the supporting pressure around the stope under the super thick conglomerate is calculated numerically. At the same time, the distribution law of frequency shift under the external load of optical fiber is studied, which lays a foundation for the application of distributed optical fiber in the test of supporting pressure of coal seam floor, and then builds a three-dimensional model test platform. The distribution of supporting pressure of coal and rock mass around stope is studied, and the distributed sensing fiber supporting pressure measurement system is proposed for the first time. The results show that, according to the theory of critical layer and the characteristics of load transfer before and after breaking of critical layer, The results show that the peak value of inclined abutment pressure is about 38 MPA, the distance from peak to coal wall is about 95 m, the influence range is about 200 m, the peak value of strike bearing pressure is about 51 MPA, the distance between peak value and coal wall is about 100m, and the influence range is about 210m. by FLAC3D numerical simulation, The distribution of supporting pressure and plastic zone around the stope is obtained, and the calibration test of sensing fiber is carried out. The results show that there is a good linear relationship between the external load and Brillouin frequency shift of the fiber. The fitting coefficient is 0.952, and the model test sensor fiber supporting pressure measurement system is put forward for the first time. In the three-dimensional physical similarity model experiment, the initial and periodic breaking of the thick conglomerate bed is accompanied by the strong pressure in the working face. The initial failure distance of the conglomerate in the lower formation is 384m, the breaking distance of the conglomerate cycle is about 117.3 m, the first breaking distance of the upper conglomerate is about 576m, the break distance of the upper conglomerate is about 208m, and the break distance of the lower conglomerate is mining. The main power source of the dynamic disaster around the field; The distributed optical fiber supporting pressure test system can be used to characterize the variation of the supporting pressure in the model test, which has a good correspondence with the pressure sensor, and the optical fiber test has high accuracy. The anti-interference ability of the isoelectric sensor is not good, which provides a new idea for the test of the supporting pressure in the model experiment.
【學位授予單位】：西安科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD323

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