本文選題：復(fù)合頂板 + 結(jié)構(gòu)面�。� 參考：《安徽建筑大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著煤礦行業(yè)的發(fā)展,對淺部資源的開采工作已經(jīng)很難在展開,這就迫使我們不得不向更深處來進行大規(guī)模的開采來滿足人類的日常生活等對煤炭資源的需求。根據(jù)統(tǒng)計,進行深部開采的煤炭資源中大部分礦井都是復(fù)合頂板,頂板的穩(wěn)定處理不當(dāng)會引起冒頂事故的發(fā)生,因此保持復(fù)合頂板的層間離層的穩(wěn)定性的問題是進行深部開采最應(yīng)該考慮生產(chǎn)安全問題。本文結(jié)合口孜東礦11-2煤巷道工程實際,利用理論分析與數(shù)值模擬的方法,對11-2煤巷道現(xiàn)有的支護形式及參數(shù)的合理性進行分析,提出應(yīng)該選用的合理的支護方案及相應(yīng)的支護參數(shù),使11-2煤巷道頂板的結(jié)構(gòu)面層間離層以及圍巖松動破碎(變形離層)保持穩(wěn)定,支架受荷在極限承載力附近。結(jié)合口孜東礦11-2煤巷道的工程實際,采用合適的計算模型來進行數(shù)值模擬。本文的數(shù)值模擬計算模型應(yīng)該分為兩種：(1)模型中巷道布置于煤層：11-2煤行人上山先期掘進時,巷道布置在11-2煤的煤層中,并且掘進是沿著煤層頂板的方向來進行掘進的,根據(jù)地質(zhì)柱狀圖來確定巷道復(fù)合頂板構(gòu)成、兩幫煤體及底板巖性。(2)模型中巷道布置于11-2煤層頂板中：掘進后期,巷道布置于11-2煤層頂板中,巷道底板沿11-2煤頂板掘進,巷道兩幫為巖石,底板為11-2煤層。通過分析11-2煤層巷道不同支護及支護參數(shù)對頂板離層穩(wěn)定性的影響,以兩種數(shù)值計算模型為基礎(chǔ),分別在巷道有無預(yù)緊力(錨桿預(yù)緊扭矩260N.M、錨索預(yù)緊力16T),支護強度分別為無支護、錨桿支護(按規(guī)定錨桿支護參數(shù))、錨桿索支護(按規(guī)定錨桿索支護參數(shù))、加密錨桿索支護(錨桿索間排距分別為設(shè)計的一半及三分之一)不同條件下,對兩種模型的計算結(jié)果分別進行分析,并且得出以下的結(jié)論：(1)無論巷道是埋置在煤層中,還是巷道埋置在煤層頂板中,巷道頂板的離層量比兩幫及底鼓要小的多；而頂板之所以會出現(xiàn)離層的不穩(wěn)定性狀態(tài)主要是由于結(jié)構(gòu)面層間離層的不穩(wěn)定引起的；(2)頂板結(jié)構(gòu)面的層間離層不穩(wěn)定從產(chǎn)生到發(fā)展主要是從關(guān)鍵層開始的,合理支護(主要錨桿索支護)的同時,應(yīng)重點對關(guān)鍵層的支護緊加強,主要表現(xiàn)在除了要選擇合理的支護方式對關(guān)鍵層進行加強外,對關(guān)鍵層進行支護時合理的支護參數(shù)對關(guān)鍵層的位置與關(guān)鍵層的層間離層的穩(wěn)定性也有很大的影響,只有都考慮到,才能保持關(guān)鍵層的穩(wěn)定；(3)深部開采的煤礦中,巷道頂板結(jié)構(gòu)面的中部產(chǎn)生了拉應(yīng)力,這個應(yīng)力的出現(xiàn)導(dǎo)致頂板的結(jié)構(gòu)面發(fā)生分離。因此在支護時應(yīng)重點加強對關(guān)鍵層結(jié)構(gòu)面中部的支護,進而保持層間離層值的穩(wěn)定。(4)口孜東礦11-2煤巷道的頂板離層的產(chǎn)生主要是因為頂板層間離層的不穩(wěn)定造成的,但是頂板的塑性變形基本呈現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定；11-2煤巷道目前在實際工程中,選擇的支護形式是錨桿索組合的支護形式,但根據(jù)分析可知錨桿索的支護密度(間排距)偏小、預(yù)緊力也偏小、布置上也有不合理。因此根據(jù)本論文的結(jié)果,對錨桿索支護參數(shù)進行改進：①將原來巷道所采用錨桿索的支護密度由1.57根/m2(錨桿的間排距為0.800×0.800m),變成3.0根/m2(錨桿的間排距變成0.600x0.600m)；將原來結(jié)構(gòu)面中部巷道寬度的一半范圍內(nèi)的錨桿索密度增加至4根/m2(錨桿間排距0.500x0.500m),而對于距結(jié)構(gòu)面中心較遠的另一半巷道寬度的范圍內(nèi)錨桿索密度應(yīng)該增加至2根/m2(錨桿間排距0.500-0.500m)；②將原來的錨桿預(yù)緊扭矩由260N.m(預(yù)緊力約55.0KN)提高至340N.m(7預(yù)緊力約5.0KN)；將原來的錨索預(yù)緊力由160KN增加至200KN。
[Abstract]:With the development of the coal mine industry, the mining of shallow resources has been difficult to expand, which compels us to make large-scale exploitation to meet the demand of human daily life. According to statistics, most of the coal mines in the source of deep mining are complex roof, and the roof is stable. Unsuitable treatment will cause the occurrence of roof accidents, so the problem of maintaining the stability of the interlayer separation of the composite roof is the problem that the production safety should be considered in the deep mining. In this paper, the existing support forms and parameters of the 11-2 Coal Roadway are used in combination with the practice of the 11-2 Coal Mine Tunnel of kirzon mine. The rationality of the number is analyzed, and the reasonable support scheme and supporting parameters should be selected to make the separation layer between the roof of the roof of the 11-2 Coal Roadway and the loosening and breaking of the surrounding rock (the deformation and separation) remain stable, and the support is loaded near the ultimate bearing capacity. The suitable calculation is adopted in the engineering practice of the 11-2 Coal Roadway in zirin mine. The numerical simulation model of this model should be divided into two kinds: (1) the roadway in the model is arranged in the coal seam: when the 11-2 Coal pedestrians are heading in the first period, the laneway is arranged in the coal seam of 11-2 Coal, and the driving is heading along the direction of the roof of the coal seam, and the roadway composite roof is determined according to the geological histogram. Composed of two groups of coal body and floor lithology. (2) the roadway in the model is arranged in the roof of 11-2 Coal seam. The roadway is arranged in the roof of 11-2 Coal Seam at the later stage of the excavation. The floor of the roadway is heading along the roof of the 11-2 Coal, the two helps the rock and the floor is 11-2 Coal seam. Through the analysis of the influence of the different support and support parameters on the roof separation stability by the different support and support parameters of the 11-2 Coal seam roadway. On the basis of two numerical calculation models, there are no pre tightening forces (anchor bolt pre tightening torque 260N.M, anchor cable pre tightening force 16T), support strength is no support, bolt support (according to the prescribed bolt support parameters), anchor cable support (according to the specified anchor cable support parameters), encrypted anchor cable support (half of the anchor cable row spacing is half of the design. And 1/3) under different conditions, the results of the two models are analyzed, and the following conclusions are obtained: (1) no matter whether the roadway is buried in the coal seam or the roadway is buried in the roof of the coal seam, the separation of the roadway roof is much smaller than that of the two and the bottom drums; and the roof will appear the unstable state of the separation of the strata. If the instability of the separation layer between the structural planes is caused by the instability, (2) the interlayer instability of the roof structure is mainly started from the key layer, and the support (main bolt and cable support) should be strengthened at the same time, which is mainly manifested in the choice of a reasonable support mode to the key layer. In addition, the reasonable support parameters for supporting the key layer have a great influence on the position of the key layer and the stability of the interlayer separation between the key layers and the stability of the key layer. (3) in the coal mine of deep mining, the tensile stress is produced in the middle of the roof structure of the roadway, which leads to the emergence of the stress. The support of the top of the key layer should be strengthened in the support of the roof, so as to maintain the stability of the separation layer between the layers. (4) the roof abscission layer of the 11-2 Coal Roadway in kirzin mine is mainly caused by the instability of the separation layer between the roof layers, but the plastic deformation of the roof is basically stable; 11-2 At present, coal roadway in practical engineering, the choice of supporting form is the support form of anchor cable combination, but according to the analysis, it can be found that the bolting density (inter row spacing) is small, the pre tightening force is too small and the layout is unreasonable. Therefore, according to the results of this paper, the support parameters of anchor cable are improved: 1. The anchor bolt used in the original roadway The support density of the cable is from 1.57 /m2 (the spacing of the bolt to 0.800 x 0.800m), and it becomes 3 /m2 (the spacing of the bolt is transformed into 0.600x0.600m), and the anchor cable density in the half of the width of the original structure surface is increased to 4 /m2 (0.500x0.500m), and the other half of the roadway is far away from the center of the structure surface. The density of anchor cable should be increased to 2 /m2 (anchor row spacing 0.500-0.500m), and the original bolt pre tightening torque is increased from 260N.m (pretightening force about 55.0KN) to 340N.m (7 pretightening force about 5.0KN), and the original cable pretightening force is increased from 160KN to 200KN..

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD327.2

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 柏建彪;侯朝炯;;深部巷道圍巖控制原理與應(yīng)用研究[J];中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報;2006年02期

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本文編號：1785672