本文選題：綜放開采 + 覆巖結(jié)構(gòu)�。� 參考：《西安科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著礦井開采規(guī)模和深度的逐漸增加,一些礦井的沖擊礦壓動力災(zāi)害事故頻繁出現(xiàn),嚴(yán)重影響礦井的生產(chǎn)安全。因此,揭示煤層開采后采場出現(xiàn)強(qiáng)烈礦山壓力顯現(xiàn)的形成機(jī)制,采取有效措施弱化和控制礦山壓力顯現(xiàn)強(qiáng)度,對礦井安全采煤具有十分深遠(yuǎn)的意義。論文以華亭礦區(qū)為背景,以硯北煤礦為主要研究對象,在分析礦井地質(zhì)采礦條件的基礎(chǔ)上,首先分析給出了引起覆巖災(zāi)變的主要影響因素為向斜構(gòu)造、開采深度、采煤方法、煤柱尺寸和開采順序等;其次應(yīng)用物理相似材料模擬實驗和數(shù)值模擬方法研究了開采覆巖破壞運(yùn)移過程和采場礦山壓力顯現(xiàn)之間的關(guān)系,結(jié)果表明單一工作面開采后覆巖組合關(guān)鍵層具有很好的控制作用,第二個工作面開采后覆巖組合關(guān)鍵層達(dá)到了極限承載寬度,發(fā)生斷裂破壞并釋放較大能量,但自身結(jié)構(gòu)并未失穩(wěn),第三個工作面開采后覆巖組合關(guān)鍵層結(jié)構(gòu)失穩(wěn),引發(fā)強(qiáng)烈沖擊礦壓發(fā)生。并通過實驗數(shù)據(jù)觀測對比分析,給出了采用合理的工作面開采寬度、減小區(qū)段煤柱尺寸以及合理開采布局等方法能夠有效地分期釋放覆巖結(jié)構(gòu)失穩(wěn)產(chǎn)生的動能,降低沖擊礦壓危害程度;再次結(jié)合巖層控制理論對沖擊礦壓的形成和覆巖移動變形規(guī)律、覆巖結(jié)構(gòu)演化過程的相互關(guān)系進(jìn)行了分析,揭示了硯北煤礦沖擊礦壓是褶曲構(gòu)造的高地應(yīng)力場和覆巖重力場共同作用的結(jié)果;最后,綜合分析提出了限高開采、窄煤柱無煤柱開采、合理的開采順序、開采布局和卸壓爆破、煤層注水、鉆孔卸壓等減緩覆巖災(zāi)害強(qiáng)度的防御與主動解危措施。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the gradual increase of mining scale and depth, some mine impact dynamic disasters frequently occur, which seriously affect the safety of mine production. Therefore, it is of great significance for safe coal mining to reveal the formation mechanism of strong mine pressure appearance in the stope after coal seam mining, and to take effective measures to weaken and control the intensity of mine pressure manifestation. Taking Huating mining area as the background and Yanbei coal mine as the main research object, on the basis of analyzing the geological and mining conditions of the mine, the paper first analyzes the main factors that cause the overburden rock catastrophe: syncline structure, mining depth and mining method. The size of coal pillar and mining sequence, etc. Secondly, the relationship between the process of overburden failure and migration and the pressure appearance of stope is studied by using physical similar material simulation experiment and numerical simulation method. The results show that the key strata of overlying rock assemblage after mining in a single working face have a good control function, and the critical strata of overlying rock assemblage after mining in the second working face reach the limit bearing width, and fracture damage occurs and a large amount of energy is released. However, its structure is not unstable, and the structure of the key strata of overburden rock assemblage is unstable after the third face mining, which leads to the occurrence of strong impact rock pressure. Through the comparison and analysis of the experimental data, it is shown that the kinetic energy produced by the instability of overburden structure can be effectively released by stages by using reasonable mining width, reducing the coal pillar size of the section and reasonable mining layout. The formation of rock pressure and the law of overburden movement and deformation are analyzed, and the relationship between the evolution process of overburden structure and the formation of rock pressure is analyzed. It is revealed that the impact pressure of Yanbei coal mine is the result of the interaction of the high ground stress field of fold structure and the gravity field of overburden rock, and finally, a comprehensive analysis is made of the limited height mining, the mining of narrow coal pillar without coal pillar, and the reasonable mining sequence. Mining layout and pressure-relief blasting, coal seam water injection, borehole pressure relief and other measures to reduce the intensity of overburden disaster and active relief measures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD325

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本文編號：1783829