本文選題：石膏礦山 + 房柱式開采　； 參考：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在我國(guó)石膏礦山普遍采用房柱式采礦方法進(jìn)行開采,由于超高超寬開采或設(shè)計(jì)不合理,相繼發(fā)生了采空區(qū)頂板崩落、礦柱倒塌、地表巖移等現(xiàn)象,農(nóng)田、村莊、建筑物、交通水利設(shè)施等遭受破壞,個(gè)別礦山甚至發(fā)生了人員傷亡等極為嚴(yán)重的事件。本文針對(duì)蘇北石膏礦大面積采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性問題,綜合運(yùn)用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研、實(shí)驗(yàn)室測(cè)試、理論分析及數(shù)值計(jì)算的研究方法,對(duì)石膏礦礦柱及頂板穩(wěn)定性、采空區(qū)鏈鎖式失穩(wěn)反應(yīng)機(jī)理以及大面積懸露頂板的穩(wěn)定性等進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)研究,主要研究成果如下:(1)通過實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)石膏巖樣進(jìn)行了研究,采用電子萬能試驗(yàn)機(jī)對(duì)巖樣單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度、單軸抗拉強(qiáng)度和抗剪強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行了測(cè)試,并根據(jù)測(cè)試結(jié)果進(jìn)行擬合分析,得到石膏巖體彈性模量、泊松比、粘聚力及內(nèi)摩擦角等參數(shù),為采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性理論分析以及數(shù)值模擬提供基本參數(shù)。(2)在考慮圍巖破壞特征的基礎(chǔ)上,通過建立石膏巖體損傷演化模型,引入形狀參數(shù),得出了石膏巖體改進(jìn)的損傷本構(gòu)方程;基于突變理論并結(jié)合石膏巖體的損傷本構(gòu)方程推導(dǎo)出礦柱的尖點(diǎn)突變方程,得出礦柱的失穩(wěn)判據(jù)。通過對(duì)頂板及礦柱變形和破壞特征分析,結(jié)合薄板理論,建立礦房頂板及礦柱力學(xué)模型,揭示石膏礦礦房礦柱破壞規(guī)律。(3)根據(jù)礦柱載荷和礦柱強(qiáng)度的相互關(guān)系,計(jì)算出礦柱的安全系數(shù),提出了采空區(qū)鏈鎖式反應(yīng)的動(dòng)態(tài)計(jì)算方法。在此基礎(chǔ)上建立了采空區(qū)大面積懸露頂板的托板力學(xué)模型,分析礦柱失穩(wěn)后形成的大面積懸露頂板的應(yīng)力分布特征,根據(jù)頂板穩(wěn)定性判據(jù)確定頂板的穩(wěn)定性。(4)結(jié)合蘇北石膏礦地質(zhì)特征,對(duì)采空區(qū)和巷道的地質(zhì)形態(tài)進(jìn)行分類,運(yùn)用Flac3D對(duì)典型區(qū)域進(jìn)行模擬;運(yùn)用鏈鎖式動(dòng)態(tài)計(jì)算方法和托板理論對(duì)礦柱和礦柱失穩(wěn)后形成的大面積懸露頂板進(jìn)行理論計(jì)算。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,數(shù)值計(jì)算與模擬計(jì)算結(jié)果基本一致。
[Abstract]:In the gypsum mine of our country, the roof caving of goaf, the collapse of pillar, the movement of surface rock and so on, farmland, village, building and so on, have occurred because of super wide mining or unreasonable design.Transportation and water conservancy facilities have been damaged, and some mines have even suffered casualties and other extremely serious incidents.Aiming at the stability of large area goaf in the gypsum mine of northern Jiangsu, the stability of pillar and roof of gypsum ore is studied by using the methods of field investigation, laboratory test, theoretical analysis and numerical calculation.The mechanism of chain instability in goaf and the stability of large area hanging roof are studied systematically. The main research results are as follows: 1) the gypsum rock sample is studied through experiments, and the uniaxial compressive strength of rock sample is studied by electronic universal testing machine.The uniaxial tensile strength and shear strength are tested, and the elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, cohesion force and internal friction angle of gypsum rock are obtained by fitting and analyzing according to the test results.On the basis of considering the failure characteristics of surrounding rock, the damage evolution model of gypsum rock mass is established and the shape parameter is introduced, and the improved damage constitutive equation of gypsum rock mass is obtained.Based on catastrophe theory and damage constitutive equation of gypsum rock mass, the cusp catastrophe equation of pillar is derived, and the instability criterion of pillar is obtained.Based on the analysis of the deformation and failure characteristics of roof and pillar, combined with the theory of thin plate, the mechanical model of roof and pillar is established, which reveals the failure rule of pillar in gypsum mine. (3) according to the relationship between pillar load and pillar strength,The safety factor of pillar is calculated, and the dynamic calculation method of chain reaction in goaf is put forward.On this basis, the mechanical model of large area suspended roof in goaf is established, and the stress distribution characteristics of large area suspended roof formed after pillar instability are analyzed.According to the criterion of roof stability, the roof stability is determined. (4) combined with the geological characteristics of gypsum ore in northern Jiangsu, the geological forms of goaf and roadway are classified, and the typical area is simulated by Flac3D.The dynamic calculation method of chain type and the theory of supporting plate are used to calculate the large area suspended roof formed after the instability of pillar and pillar.The results show that the numerical results are in good agreement with the simulated ones.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD325.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王洋U，

本文編號(hào)：1766846