本文選題：裂縫擴(kuò)展 + 定向水力壓裂�。� 參考：《西安科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：論文以陜西省紅石巖煤礦開采條件為背景,針對(duì)綜采工作面煤層定向水力壓裂問(wèn)題,通過(guò)巖石力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)、理論分析、數(shù)值計(jì)算和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)觀測(cè)等綜合手段,研究了堅(jiān)硬煤層定向水力壓裂超前預(yù)裂,增加和擴(kuò)展綜采面煤層裂隙提高塊煤率的機(jī)理。分析了影響綜采面煤層裂縫擴(kuò)展因素及煤體物理力學(xué)參數(shù)和定向壓裂工藝參數(shù);分析了定向切槽鉆孔和未切槽鉆孔,以及在不同切槽鉆孔參數(shù)下煤層的應(yīng)力分布和裂縫擴(kuò)展的演化過(guò)程。確定了紅石巖煤礦綜采面定向水力壓裂技術(shù)與工藝參數(shù)�，F(xiàn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)用結(jié)果證明了預(yù)裂工藝參數(shù)的有效性。本文首先對(duì)影響綜采面煤層裂縫擴(kuò)展的煤體物理力學(xué)參數(shù)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)定分析,以及對(duì)采用定向水力壓裂技術(shù)的預(yù)裂器主要參數(shù)進(jìn)行了分析研究。得到了煤巖體力學(xué)參數(shù)與含水率之間的關(guān)系,確定了工藝參數(shù)壓力的范圍,為壓裂設(shè)備的開發(fā)提供依據(jù);確定了預(yù)裂器主要參數(shù),為施工工藝參數(shù)的選擇提供了依據(jù)。然后通過(guò)分析紅石巖煤礦煤層賦存的地質(zhì)條件,運(yùn)用RFPA-Flow模擬軟件分析了定向壓裂切槽鉆孔與未切槽鉆孔,以及不同參數(shù)切槽鉆孔在高壓注水時(shí)應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的變化規(guī)律以及煤層中裂縫的演化過(guò)程,總結(jié)煤層在定向水力壓裂條件下的裂縫擴(kuò)展規(guī)律。定向水壓裂縫在一定范圍內(nèi)可控,能夠形成比未切槽鉆孔較多的裂縫群,在采煤機(jī)擾動(dòng)和煤塊自重作用下,就會(huì)形成較多塊煤,提高了塊煤率。最后,在紅石巖煤礦12406綜采工作面進(jìn)行定向水力壓裂技術(shù)的應(yīng)用,對(duì)壓裂工藝參數(shù)進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)并優(yōu)化。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果證明,采用定向水力壓裂技術(shù)后,塊煤率有了較大的提高,切槽預(yù)先釋放了綜采面采動(dòng)集中應(yīng)力,釋放了煤層中瓦斯,預(yù)防了工作面支架沖擊災(zāi)害。采煤機(jī)割煤速度也提高,材料消耗率下降,原煤產(chǎn)量增加,工作面粉塵降低,對(duì)綜采工作面高效開采和安全生產(chǎn)具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:Based on the mining conditions of Hongshiyan coal mine in Shaanxi Province, aiming at the problem of directional hydraulic fracturing in coal seam of fully mechanized coal face, the comprehensive means of rock mechanics experiment, theoretical analysis, numerical calculation and field test observation are adopted in this paper.This paper studies the mechanism of directional hydraulic fracturing in hard coal seam to increase and extend the fracture of coal seam in fully mechanized coal face to increase the coal mass rate.The factors affecting the crack propagation of coal seam in fully mechanized coal face, the physical and mechanical parameters of coal body and the parameters of directional fracturing process are analyzed, and the directional and uncut grooves drilling are analyzed.And the evolution process of stress distribution and crack propagation of coal seam under different drilling parameters.The directional hydraulic fracturing technology and technical parameters of fully mechanized face of Hongshiyan Coal Mine are determined.The field application results show that the presplitting process parameters are effective.In this paper, the physical and mechanical parameters of coal body which affect the crack propagation in coal seam of fully mechanized coal face are measured and analyzed experimentally, and the main parameters of prefracturing device using directional hydraulic fracturing technique are analyzed and studied.The relationship between mechanical parameters of coal and rock mass and water content is obtained, the range of pressure of process parameters is determined, which provides the basis for the development of fracturing equipment, and the main parameters of pre-cracking apparatus are determined, which provides a basis for the selection of construction process parameters.Then, by analyzing the geological conditions of coal seam occurrence in Hongshiyan coal mine, and using RFPA-Flow simulation software, the paper analyzes the directional fracturing slot drilling and the uncut groove drilling.The variation law of stress field and the evolution process of fracture in coal seam under high pressure water injection with different parameters are summarized, and the fracture propagation law of coal seam under directional hydraulic fracturing is summarized.The directional hydraulic fracture can be controlled within a certain range and can form more fracture groups than the uncut grooves. Under the disturbance of the shearer and the self-weight of the coal block, more blocks of coal will be formed and the rate of block coal will be increased.Finally, the application of directional hydraulic fracturing technology in 12406 fully mechanized face of Hongshiyan Coal Mine is carried out, and the parameters of fracturing process are monitored and optimized.The test results show that the block coal rate has been greatly improved by adopting the directional hydraulic fracturing technology, the cutting groove has released the mining concentration stress in the fully mechanized face in advance, the gas in the coal seam has been released, and the impact disaster of the support in the working face has been prevented.The coal cutting speed of shearer also increases, the material consumption rate decreases, the raw coal output increases, and the working face dust decreases, which is of great significance to the high efficiency mining and safe production of fully mechanized coal mining face.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD32

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