本文選題：淺層地震反射波法 + 高密度電法��； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：礦山資源是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)發(fā)展所需資源中十分重要的組成部分,礦山生產(chǎn)的安全是礦產(chǎn)資源得以開發(fā)利用的重要保證。尾礦庫(kù)設(shè)施是礦山生產(chǎn)設(shè)施的重要組成部分,其壩體的安全不僅關(guān)系到礦產(chǎn)開發(fā),一旦發(fā)生潰壩等災(zāi)害,對(duì)庫(kù)區(qū)下游的居民生活、生態(tài)壞境都有十分巨大的危害。近年來,我國(guó)地震頻發(fā),為保證尾礦庫(kù)的安全,在震后研究地震對(duì)于尾礦庫(kù)壩體穩(wěn)定性的影響以及庫(kù)區(qū)周邊山體的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造情況是十分必要的。調(diào)查壩體安全隱患及山體不良地質(zhì)構(gòu)造的主要手段有三種:人工查探、工程鉆探和地球物理勘探。地球物理勘探較之前兩種勘察手段,具有高效、快捷、經(jīng)濟(jì)等諸多優(yōu)勢(shì),近年來,隨著工程地球物理方法的發(fā)展,技術(shù)水平不斷進(jìn)步,勘探的精度也在不斷提高,工程地球物理方法被廣泛的用于解決各種工程地質(zhì)問題。然而,單一的地球物理方法具有多解性,在實(shí)際工程勘察中,最好的方案就是使用多種物探法方法綜合勘探,相互印證,以保證勘探結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性。論文以震后的攀枝花馬家田尾礦庫(kù)的壩體及其周邊山體為研究對(duì)象,以查明研究區(qū)域的地質(zhì)情況為目的,采用淺層地震反射波法、高密度電法、高精度重力勘探、氡氣測(cè)量4種地球物理方法進(jìn)行綜合物探的應(yīng)用與研究。文章闡述了4種物探方法的基礎(chǔ)理論以及方法特點(diǎn),并采用有限差分法、二維有限元法、多邊形截面法分別對(duì)地震波、視電阻率和重力異常進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬的正演研究,首先給出了聲波與彈性波的波動(dòng)方程及其差分格式、電阻率成像的變分公式以及均勻多邊形截面二度體重力異常公式,然后以尾礦庫(kù)區(qū)的實(shí)際地質(zhì)情況為背景,建立了工程勘察中較常遇到的4種地質(zhì)模型:起伏基巖面模型、充填型地下空洞模型、充填型斷層破碎帶模型、巖性軟弱層模型,通過對(duì)這4類模型的正演研究,總結(jié)出這4類地質(zhì)體在3種物探方法中的異常特征,探討了淺層地震反射波法、高密度電法、高精度重力勘探這3種方法對(duì)于勘探這4類地質(zhì)體各自的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),從而為后續(xù)勘探工作的開展、數(shù)據(jù)反演和成果的解譯提供參考指導(dǎo)。最后,在以上研究的基礎(chǔ)上,充分收集相關(guān)資料,對(duì)尾礦庫(kù)壩體及其周邊山體進(jìn)行綜合地球物理勘察,查明尾礦壩是否存在安全隱患以及庫(kù)區(qū)周邊山體是否存在會(huì)危害到庫(kù)區(qū)安全的不良地質(zhì)構(gòu)造。研究表明,本次采用的4種地球物理方法在尾礦庫(kù)安全性評(píng)價(jià)中的應(yīng)用效果良好,4種方法相互印證,相互補(bǔ)充,正演結(jié)果對(duì)于最終勘探成果的反演與解釋具有較高的參考價(jià)值。本次勘探查明了尾礦庫(kù)壩體及其周邊山體的地質(zhì)情況,勘察結(jié)果也得到了相關(guān)地質(zhì)資料與鉆孔資料的驗(yàn)證,為尾礦庫(kù)壩體的安全性評(píng)價(jià)以及后續(xù)的治理維護(hù)工作提供了地質(zhì)參考,同時(shí)也為綜合物探在其他尾礦庫(kù)安全性評(píng)價(jià)中的應(yīng)用提供了參考依據(jù)及應(yīng)用經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:The mine resource is a very important part of the resources needed for the development of modern society, and the safety of mine production is an important guarantee for the exploitation and utilization of mineral resources.Tailing reservoir facilities are an important part of mine production facilities. The safety of the dam body is not only related to the development of mineral resources. Once the dam break occurs, it will do great harm to the life and ecological environment of the downstream residents of the reservoir area.In recent years, earthquakes occur frequently in China. In order to ensure the safety of tailing reservoir, it is necessary to study the influence of earthquake on the stability of tailing dam body and the geological structure of mountain body around the reservoir area.There are three main methods to investigate the hidden danger of the dam body and the bad geological structure of the mountain body: manual exploration, engineering drilling and geophysical exploration.Geophysical exploration has many advantages, such as high efficiency, rapidity, economy and so on. In recent years, with the development of engineering geophysical methods, the technical level has been improved and the precision of exploration has been improved.Engineering geophysical methods are widely used to solve various engineering geological problems.However, the single geophysical method has multiple solutions. In practical engineering exploration, the best scheme is to use various geophysical methods to synthesize exploration and verify each other, so as to ensure the accuracy of exploration results.This paper takes the dam body of Majiatian tailings reservoir in Panzhihua after the earthquake as the research object and the surrounding mountain body as the research object. In order to find out the geological conditions of the study area, the shallow seismic reflection wave method, the high density electric method and the high precision gravity exploration are adopted.The application and research of four geophysical methods for radon measurement are studied.In this paper, the basic theory and characteristics of four geophysical prospecting methods are described, and the forward modeling of seismic wave, apparent resistivity and gravity anomaly is studied by using finite difference method, two-dimensional finite element method and polygonal section method respectively.The wave equation of acoustic wave and elastic wave and its difference scheme, the variational formula of resistivity imaging and the formula of two-degree body force anomaly of uniform polygonal section are given, and then the actual geological conditions of tailing reservoir area are taken as the background.Four kinds of geological models are established in engineering survey: undulating bedrock model, filling underground cavity model, filling fault fracture zone model, lithologic weak layer model. The forward modeling of these four models is studied.The anomalous characteristics of these four geological bodies in three kinds of geophysical prospecting methods are summarized. The advantages and disadvantages of shallow seismic reflection wave method, high-density electric method and high-precision gravity exploration method for the exploration of these four kinds of geological bodies are discussed.It provides reference for the development of exploration work, data inversion and interpretation of the results.Finally, on the basis of the above research, the comprehensive geophysical survey of the tailing dam body and its surrounding mountain body is carried out by collecting the relevant data.It is found out whether there is a hidden danger to the safety of the tailings dam and whether there is a bad geological structure around the reservoir area which will endanger the safety of the reservoir area.The results show that the four geophysical methods used in the safety evaluation of tailings reservoir have a good effect on the safety evaluation of tailings reservoir. The results of forward modeling have a high reference value for the inversion and interpretation of the final exploration results.The geological conditions of the tailing dam body and its surrounding mountains have been ascertained in this exploration, and the survey results have also been verified by the relevant geological data and drilling data.It provides a geological reference for the safety evaluation of the tailing dam body and the subsequent management and maintenance work, and also provides a reference basis and application experience for the application of comprehensive geophysical exploration in the safety evaluation of other tailing reservoirs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD926.4;P631

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本文編號(hào)：1756453