本文選題：古城礦山 + 地質(zhì)環(huán)境　； 參考：《河北工程大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)是煤炭大國(guó),煤炭資源的開(kāi)發(fā)既促進(jìn)了我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,同時(shí)也為地質(zhì)環(huán)境帶來(lái)了挑戰(zhàn)。早期由于環(huán)境保護(hù)意識(shí)的欠缺以及煤炭市場(chǎng)管理上的混亂,在煤炭資源的開(kāi)采中存在著大量無(wú)序開(kāi)采行為,地質(zhì)環(huán)境因此而遭受到嚴(yán)重的破壞,同時(shí)也給人民的財(cái)產(chǎn)安全和生命安全帶來(lái)了極大的威脅,這些都嚴(yán)重制約了國(guó)家的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)煤炭資源開(kāi)發(fā)與地質(zhì)環(huán)境保護(hù)的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,新世紀(jì)以來(lái),地質(zhì)環(huán)境評(píng)估工作越來(lái)越受到重視。古城井田動(dòng)工于2007年,擬建生產(chǎn)能力為10Mt/a的特大礦井,本文以古城礦為例進(jìn)行了礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境效應(yīng)評(píng)價(jià)。結(jié)合古城礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境的控制和影響因素以及主要礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境問(wèn)題的類(lèi)型和表現(xiàn)形式、危害性等建立了古城礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,整個(gè)評(píng)價(jià)體系包括要素層和指標(biāo)層兩個(gè)層次。要素層,即地質(zhì)災(zāi)害、含水層、地形地貌、土地資源。每一個(gè)要素又包含若干指標(biāo),地質(zhì)災(zāi)害包括:地面塌陷,崩塌,滑坡,泥石流;含水層包括:含水層結(jié)構(gòu),涌水量,地下水;地形地貌包括:積水,坡度,植被破壞;土地資源包括:農(nóng)、林、草地,荒地或未開(kāi)發(fā)利用土地。采用層次分析法(AHP)對(duì)各個(gè)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了權(quán)重的計(jì)算,然后以模糊綜合評(píng)判的方法,對(duì)古城礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià),評(píng)價(jià)認(rèn)為古城礦山開(kāi)采活動(dòng)對(duì)地質(zhì)環(huán)境的影響嚴(yán)重。然后又對(duì)其未來(lái)開(kāi)采過(guò)程中對(duì)地質(zhì)環(huán)境所造成的影響進(jìn)行了預(yù)測(cè)。在礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)存在的礦山地質(zhì)環(huán)境問(wèn)題,從地質(zhì)災(zāi)害、含水層、地形地貌、土地資源四個(gè)方面提出礦山環(huán)境保護(hù)與治理措施建議,為實(shí)現(xiàn)礦產(chǎn)資源開(kāi)發(fā)與地質(zhì)環(huán)境保護(hù)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展提供了科學(xué)的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:China is a big coal country. The exploitation of coal resources not only promotes the rapid development of our economy, but also brings challenges to the geological environment.Due to the lack of environmental protection consciousness and the confusion in the management of coal market, there were a lot of disorderly mining behaviors in the exploitation of coal resources, and the geological environment suffered serious damage as a result.At the same time, it also brings great threat to people's property safety and life safety, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of our country.In order to realize the coordinated development of coal resources exploitation and geological environment protection, more and more attention has been paid to geological environment assessment since the new century.The Gucheng mine field started construction in 2007, and it is planned to build a large mine with 10Mt/a production capacity. This paper takes Gucheng mine as an example to evaluate the geological environment effect of the mine.Combined with the control and influence factors of mine geological environment in ancient city as well as the types and forms of main mine geological environment problems, the evaluation index system of mine geological environment in ancient city was established.The whole evaluation system includes two levels: element level and index layer.Element layer, namely geological disaster, aquifer, landform, land resource.Each element also contains a number of indicators, geological hazards include: ground collapse, collapse, landslide, debris flow; aquifer including: aquifer structure, water discharge, groundwater; topography including: water, slope, vegetation destruction;Land resources include: agriculture, forest, grassland, wasteland or undeveloped land.The weight of each index is calculated by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and then the geological environment of the ancient city mine is evaluated by the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. It is concluded that the mining activity of the ancient city mine has a serious influence on the geological environment.Then, the influence of mining on geological environment in the future is predicted.On the basis of mine geological environment evaluation, according to the existing mine geological environment problems, the paper puts forward some suggestions for mine environment protection and treatment from four aspects: geological hazard, aquifer, topography and geomorphology, and land resources.It provides a scientific basis for the coordinated development of mineral resources exploitation and geological environment protection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TD167;X82

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