本文選題：鉛鋅硫化礦尾礦　切入點：嗜酸性化能無機營養(yǎng)型微生物　出處：《廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：選礦過程產(chǎn)生大量尾礦廢渣,尾礦蘊含著大量有價金屬,是一種可利用的再生資源。金屬硫化礦尾礦含硫量較高,硫可以作為嗜酸性化能無機營養(yǎng)型微生物生長的營養(yǎng)源,從而為實現(xiàn)硫化礦尾礦的生物浸出提供了可能。鉛鋅硫化礦尾礦的生物浸出,不僅能回收尾礦中的鉛和鋅,實現(xiàn)資源的綜合利用,而且可以減少礦尾中重金屬的釋放對水環(huán)境和土壤的污染,具有重要經(jīng)濟和環(huán)境意義。論文的研究內(nèi)容包括：嗜酸性化能無機營養(yǎng)型微生物的篩選；鉛鋅硫化礦尾礦成分分析；浸出條件對硫化礦尾礦中鉛、鋅浸出率的影響；單礦物(方鉛礦和閃鋅礦)的生物浸出規(guī)律。首先,從某硫化鉛鋅礦尾礦庫的尾礦庫坑水中篩選出嗜酸性化能無機營養(yǎng)型微生物,通過測定Fe2+氧化為Fe3+的轉(zhuǎn)化率,評價微生物的氧化活性。生物浸出的尾礦樣品取自某硫化鉛鋅礦尾礦庫,對礦樣成分分析表明,硫、鐵含量很高,主要以S2-和Fe2+形態(tài)存在,為嗜酸性化能無機營養(yǎng)型微生物提供了生存條件。然后,評估了不同的酸(HCl、H2SO4和HNO3)對尾礦生物中鉛、鋅浸出率的影響,結(jié)果表明不同的酸對Pb浸出效果由高到低為HClHNl3H2SO4,對Zn浸出效果由高到低為H2SO4HClHNO3,這可能與酸根陰離子與Pb2+和Zn2+生成的化合物濃度積大小及對尾礦生物生長影響有關(guān)。其次,考察了采用HCI作為添加酸的情況下,礦漿固液質(zhì)量比、礦漿初始pH值、不同微生物接種量對硫化鉛鋅礦尾礦中鉛、鋅浸出率的影響。結(jié)果表明：固液比越大,Pb的浸出率峰值越大,峰值出現(xiàn)的時間越晚；固液比越大,Zn的浸出率峰值越小,峰值出現(xiàn)的時間越晚；初始pH值越小,Pb的浸出率峰值越大。當(dāng)?shù)V漿初始pH值小于2.4大于1.2,提供了酸度適應(yīng)的環(huán)境,Pb的浸出率,峰值由60%左右上升到90%以上,有明顯升高。初始pH值在1.2到2.0之間,Zn浸出率峰值變化不大；礦漿初始pH值從2.0到2.8,Zn浸出率峰值減��；接種量在2%到5%之間,Pb、Zn浸出率峰值變化不大；接種量從5%到10%,Pb、Zn浸出率峰值劇增,接種量從10%到20%,Pb、Zn浸出率峰值變化不大。最后,用方鉛礦和閃鋅礦作為研究對象,模擬實際尾礦中的鉛、鋅硫化礦物,研究了方鉛礦和閃鋅礦的生物法浸出規(guī)律,考察了添加Fe2+對嗜酸性化能無機營養(yǎng)型微生物浸出方鉛礦和閃鋅礦的影響。結(jié)果表明,對于方鉛礦和閃鋅礦中Pb、Zn的浸出：添加嗜酸性化能無機營養(yǎng)型微生物比單純的用酸更有利；在添加嗜酸性化能無機營養(yǎng)型微生物情況下,添加Fe2+比不添加Fe2+更有利。
[Abstract]:A great deal of tailings are produced in the process of dressing, which contains a lot of valuable metals, and is a kind of renewable resources.The sulfur content of metal sulphide tailings is high, so sulfur can be used as a nutrient source for the growth of acidophilic energy inorganic nutrient microorganisms, which provides the possibility for the bioleaching of sulphide tailings.The bioleaching of lead-zinc sulphide tailings can not only recover lead and zinc from tailings and realize the comprehensive utilization of resources, but also reduce the pollution of heavy metals from tailings to water environment and soil, which is of great economic and environmental significance.The main contents of this paper are as follows: screening of acidophilic energy inorganic nutrient microbes, analysis of tailings composition of lead-zinc sulphide ore, influence of leaching conditions on leaching rate of lead and zinc in sulphide tailings;Bioleaching of single minerals (galena and sphalerite).Firstly, the acidophilic energy inorganic nutrient microbes were screened from the tailings pit water of a tailings pool of lead and zinc sulphide ore. The conversion of Fe2 to Fe3 was determined to evaluate the oxidation activity of microbes.The samples of bioleaching tailings were collected from a tailings reservoir of lead zinc sulphide ore. The analysis of the mineral composition showed that the sulfur and iron contents were very high, mainly in the form of S2- and Fe2, which provided the living conditions for the acidophilic energy inorganic nutritious microorganisms.Then, the effects of HClH2SO4 and HNO3) on the leaching rate of lead and zinc in tailings were evaluated.The results show that the leaching effect of different acids on Pb leaching is from high to low to HClHl3H2SO4 and from high to low to H2SO4HClHNO3, which may be related to the concentration product of acid anion with Pb2 and Zn2 and the effect on the growth of tailings.Secondly, the effects of HCI on the leaching rate of lead and zinc in the tailings of lead-zinc sulphide ore were investigated under the conditions of solid liquid mass ratio, initial pH value of pulp and inoculation amount of different microorganisms.The results show that the higher the ratio of solid to liquid, the bigger the peak value of leaching rate of Pb, the later the time of the peak value, the smaller the peak value of leaching rate of Zn, the later the time of the peak value, and the higher the initial pH value, the larger the peak value of leaching rate of Pb.When the initial pH value of pulp is less than 2.4 > 1.2, the leaching rate of Pb in the environment suitable for acidity is provided, and the peak value increases from about 60% to more than 90%.The peak value of leaching rate of Zn from 2. 0 to 2. 0 was not changed, the peak value of leaching rate of Zn from 2. 0 to 2. 8% of pulp decreased, the peak value of leaching rate of Pb ~ (2 +) Zn from 2% to 5% was not changed, and the peak value of leaching rate of Zn from 5% to 10% was increased rapidly.The peak leaching rate of Pb ~ (2 +) Zn from 10% to 20% had little change.Finally, using galena and sphalerite as research objects, the bioleaching law of galena and sphalerite was studied by simulating the lead and zinc sulphide minerals in actual tailings.The effect of adding Fe2 on the leaching of galena and sphalerite by acidophilic energy inorganic nutrient microorganism was investigated.The results show that for the leaching of Pb ~ (2 +) Zn from galena and sphalerite, the addition of eosinophilic energy inorganic nutritious microorganism is more advantageous than that of pure acid, and the addition of Fe2 is more advantageous than that of no Fe2 under the condition of adding acidophilic energy inorganic nutritious microorganism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X753

【相似文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 梁嘉靖;鉛鋅硫化礦尾礦生物浸出工藝優(yōu)化研究[D];廣東工業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

，

本文編號：1709300