本文選題：花崗巖　切入點(diǎn)：實(shí)測(cè)光譜　出處：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：花崗巖類的遙感巖性識(shí)別研究一直是重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。東天山—北山地區(qū)發(fā)育很多花崗巖體,區(qū)域內(nèi)有多個(gè)金屬礦集區(qū),是開(kāi)展花崗巖體遙感識(shí)別的理想?yún)^(qū)域。論文以“西部重點(diǎn)成礦區(qū)帶高分遙感地質(zhì)礦產(chǎn)調(diào)查技術(shù)研發(fā)與應(yīng)用示范”項(xiàng)目為依托,開(kāi)展了通過(guò)World View-2與ASTER多光譜數(shù)據(jù)協(xié)同應(yīng)用,對(duì)東天山—北山地區(qū)兩塊典型的花崗巖體識(shí)別方法進(jìn)行研究。論文在深入分析研究區(qū)實(shí)測(cè)巖石的光譜特征曲線的基礎(chǔ)上,開(kāi)展了基于光譜特征差異增強(qiáng)和基于紋理特征差異增強(qiáng)的試驗(yàn)研究。在巖性增強(qiáng)的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)研究區(qū)進(jìn)行遙感巖性解譯。經(jīng)過(guò)野外實(shí)地驗(yàn)證,論文中巖性解譯結(jié)果與實(shí)地基本相符。論文不僅為該區(qū)域其它花崗巖體識(shí)別與提取的工作提供了參考,而且為進(jìn)一步的成礦帶礦產(chǎn)資源遙感地質(zhì)調(diào)查等工作提供了可靠性數(shù)據(jù),具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。論文取得的研究成果如下:(1)在分析研究區(qū)花崗巖體特定礦物和巖石的光譜曲線特征及影響因素的基礎(chǔ)上,得出不同巖性的波譜特征差異,為后續(xù)識(shí)別方法研究提供理論基礎(chǔ):整個(gè)巖體巖性光譜曲線整體差異不大。鉀長(zhǎng)石花崗巖含有大量黑云母,出現(xiàn)鎂羥基在2.35um強(qiáng)吸收,導(dǎo)致ASTER第8波段強(qiáng)吸收。二長(zhǎng)花崗巖由于白云母含量多,鋁羥基在2.2um處強(qiáng)吸收,使第6波段強(qiáng)吸收。斜長(zhǎng)花崗巖隨波長(zhǎng)增強(qiáng)反射率增加,在6、8波段雙吸收。(2)根據(jù)不同巖性提出了基于ASTER數(shù)據(jù)的光譜信息增強(qiáng)方法,基于World View-2數(shù)據(jù)紋理信息增強(qiáng)的方法和基于兩者的協(xié)同應(yīng)用的增強(qiáng)方法。(3)根據(jù)以上增強(qiáng)方法,對(duì)康古爾塔格研究區(qū)進(jìn)行巖性解譯,與已有地質(zhì)資料對(duì)比,不僅修正了巖性界線,同時(shí)細(xì)化了巖性,并且解譯褶皺構(gòu)造,為成礦分析和地質(zhì)構(gòu)造提供了依據(jù)。(4)將康古爾塔格研究區(qū)的研究成果應(yīng)用于明水地區(qū),能很好的識(shí)別出特定的巖性。可以推廣到區(qū)域內(nèi),周邊所有花崗巖體的識(shí)別工作中來(lái),大大減少調(diào)查工作。
[Abstract]:The study of remote sensing lithology identification of granites has been an important and difficult problem.There are many granitic bodies in the East Tianshan-Beishan area, and there are many metal ore concentration areas in the area, which is an ideal area for the remote sensing identification of the granites.Based on the project of "R & D and Application demonstration of High-score remote Sensing Geological and Mineral Survey Technology in West China's key metallogenic zones", the paper develops the cooperative application of multi-spectral data through World View-2 and ASTER.Two typical granites in East Tianshan-Beishan area are studied.On the basis of deep analysis of the spectral characteristic curves of rock measured in the study area, the experimental research based on spectral feature difference enhancement and texture feature difference enhancement is carried out in this paper.Based on the enhancement of lithology, remote sensing lithology interpretation was carried out in the study area.After field verification, the lithologic interpretation results in the paper are basically consistent with the field results.This paper not only provides a reference for the identification and extraction of other granite bodies in this region, but also provides reliable data for the further work of remote sensing geological survey of mineral resources in metallogenic belt, which is of certain practical significance.The research results obtained in this paper are as follows: (1) on the basis of analyzing the spectral curve characteristics and influencing factors of specific minerals and rocks of granite body in the study area, the differences of spectral characteristics of different lithology are obtained.It provides a theoretical basis for the further study of the identification method: the whole spectrum curve of rock mass lithology has little difference.Potassium feldspar granite contains a large amount of biotite, and magnesium hydroxyl groups are strongly absorbed in 2.35um, which leads to strong absorption in band 8 of ASTER.Because of the high content of Muscovite and the strong absorption of aluminum hydroxyl at 2.2um, the bifeldspar granite has strong absorption in the 6th band.The spectral information enhancement method based on ASTER data is proposed according to different lithology.The method of texture information enhancement based on World View-2 data and the enhancement method based on the cooperative application of the two methods. (3) according to the above enhancement methods, the lithologic interpretation of the Kangguertag study area is carried out, and compared with the existing geological data, not only the lithologic boundary is corrected,At the same time, the lithology is refined, and fold structure is interpreted, which provides the basis for metallogenic analysis and geological structure. The research results of Kangguertag research area are applied to Mingshui area, which can identify the specific lithology well.It can be extended to the identification of all granitic bodies in the region and greatly reduces the investigation work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P588.121;P627;P618.2

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