本文選題：深井巷道　切入點：蠕變　出處：《河北工程大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：巷道支護是礦井建設的首要工程，巷道圍巖穩(wěn)定受到地應力環(huán)境、支護結構、支護強度、斷面類型等多重因素影響。深部巷道圍巖顯現(xiàn)出變形量大、變形速率快、變形持續(xù)時間長、變形影響空間大、受采動影響敏感等變形破壞特征，在深部高巖應力作用下巷道圍巖顯現(xiàn)出明顯工程軟巖特性，深井軟巖巷道治理是巷道支護的難題。本文在國家自然科學基金“深井巷道‘雙殼’注漿加固支護機理研究（51174070）”研究基礎上，結合工程實際發(fā)現(xiàn)巷道圍巖變形失穩(wěn)主要是圍巖結構的失穩(wěn)，支護結構的穩(wěn)定是巷道支護的重點和關鍵�；谏罹泿r巷道變形破壞特征，結合支護結構穩(wěn)定性力學分析，，提出了連續(xù)“雙殼”治理深井軟巖巷道圍巖穩(wěn)定的方法。針對深井高應力軟巖巷道支護問題，采用現(xiàn)場實測、調(diào)研、理論分析、物理實驗模擬、實驗室試驗和數(shù)值模擬等多種綜合研究方法，對連續(xù)“雙殼”形成的支護殼——讓壓殼耦合支護機理與技術進行了系統(tǒng)的研究，得到主要結論如下： （1）物理實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)巷道圍巖應力在變形發(fā)展過程中逐漸向深部轉移，淺部圍巖應力釋放，中深部圍巖成為應力主承載體；通過數(shù)值模擬對比分析圓形巷道與直墻半圓拱形巷道隨埋深的變化，圍巖應力、位移與塑性區(qū)發(fā)展規(guī)律，總結得出圓形巷道大幅降低深部巷道圍巖移近量，減小圍巖塑性破壞程度，降低圍巖集中壓力影響區(qū)域，有利于控制深井巷道圍巖穩(wěn)定，對巷道底臌治理尤為顯著。 （2）為研究巷道圍巖蠕變變形規(guī)律，進行了巖石單軸及三軸蠕變試驗，揭示了垂壓、圍壓對巖石變形量及穩(wěn)定性的作用；巖石強度極限后單軸及三軸蠕變試驗說明了巷道圍巖及時支護的意思，以及提高支護強度的原理。 （3）基于改善巷道圍巖力學性質(zhì)、降低圍巖支撐壓力、轉變圍巖受力狀態(tài)，提出了連續(xù)“雙殼”支護理念，巷道圍巖淺部注漿+預應力錨桿支護形成淺部支護殼，深部注漿+預應力錨索形成深部加固殼。淺部殼改善巖體力學性能，增大圍巖內(nèi)聚力和內(nèi)摩察角，提高圍巖強度和剛度，改變淺部圍巖結構；深部注漿漿液充填膠結巖體裂隙，深部注漿體與錨索共同形成具有一定厚度的閉合環(huán)形殼體。 （4）提出支護殼——加固殼耦合支護理論，分析了“雙殼”耦合支護機理，提出了“合理選擇巷道斷面，維護巷道圍巖結構，一次讓壓、二次抗壓支護”的支護理念和“卸壓讓壓，抗壓阻壓，卸讓適度，讓抗協(xié)調(diào)”的支護原則。
[Abstract]:Roadway support is the most important project in mine construction. The stability of roadway surrounding rock is affected by many factors, such as ground stress environment, support structure, support strength, section type and so on. The deformation duration is long, the deformation influence space is large, the deformation is sensitive to mining, and so on. Under the action of deep high rock stress, the surrounding rock of roadway shows obvious soft rock characteristics. The treatment of soft rock roadway in deep well is a difficult problem in roadway support. This paper is based on the National Natural Science Foundation of China "study on the mechanism of 'double shell' grouting reinforcement support in deep well roadway (51174070)". Combined with engineering practice, it is found that the deformation instability of roadway surrounding rock is mainly the instability of surrounding rock structure, and the stability of supporting structure is the key point and key of roadway support. Based on the deformation and failure characteristics of roadway in deep and soft rock, the mechanical analysis of stability of supporting structure is combined. This paper puts forward a method of controlling the surrounding rock stability of soft rock roadway in deep well by continuous "double shell". In view of the support problem of soft rock roadway with high stress in deep well, field measurement, investigation, theoretical analysis and physical experiment simulation are adopted. In this paper, the mechanism and technology of continuous "double shell" supporting shell coupled with pressure shell are studied systematically by laboratory test and numerical simulation. The main conclusions are as follows:. 1) physical experiments show that the stress of surrounding rock of roadway is gradually transferred to the deep in the course of deformation development, the stress of shallow surrounding rock is released, and the middle and deep surrounding rock becomes the main bearing body of stress; By numerical simulation, the variation of surrounding rock stress, displacement and plastic zone in circular roadway and semi-circular arch roadway with vertical wall are compared and analyzed, and the conclusion is drawn that circular roadway greatly reduces the surrounding rock displacement of deep roadway. Reducing the degree of plastic failure of surrounding rock and decreasing the area affected by concentrated pressure of surrounding rock will help to control the stability of surrounding rock in deep roadway, especially to control the heave of roadway floor. (2) in order to study the creep deformation law of roadway surrounding rock, uniaxial and triaxial creep tests of rock are carried out, and the effects of vertical pressure and confining pressure on rock deformation and stability are revealed. Uniaxial and triaxial creep tests after rock strength limit show the meaning of timely support of surrounding rock and the principle of improving support strength. On the basis of improving mechanical properties of surrounding rock of roadway, reducing supporting pressure of surrounding rock and changing stress state of surrounding rock, the concept of continuous "double shell" support is put forward, and shallow supporting shell of surrounding rock is formed by pre-stressed anchor bolt support in surrounding rock of roadway. Deep grouting prestressed Anchorage cable forms deep reinforcement shell. Shallow shell improves mechanical properties of rock mass, increases cohesion and angle of inner inspection, improves strength and stiffness of surrounding rock, changes shallow surrounding rock structure. The deep grouting body and the anchor cable form a closed annular shell with a certain thickness. (4) put forward the theory of coupling support between support shell and strengthened shell, analyze the mechanism of "double shell" coupling support, put forward the support idea of "reasonable selection of roadway cross section, maintenance of surrounding rock structure of roadway, primary release pressure, secondary compression support" and "release pressure concession pressure". Resistance to pressure, release moderate, let the principle of coordination of support.
【學位授予單位】：河北工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD353

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