本文選題：煤層群　切入點(diǎn)：礦壓顯現(xiàn)　出處：《遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：大同礦區(qū)侏羅系與石炭系多煤層組重疊開采,且上部侏羅系煤層群開采歷史悠久、開采形式多樣,導(dǎo)致侏羅系下部煤層及石炭系特厚煤層開采過程中,均表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)烈礦壓顯現(xiàn),頂板維護(hù)困難。為此,針對(duì)大同礦區(qū)“雙系”煤層群賦存特征與開采條件,采用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研、理論分析、相似模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀測(cè)等研究方法,分別對(duì)侏羅系近距離煤層群、石炭系特厚煤層開采工作面礦壓顯現(xiàn)規(guī)律及控制技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究。主要研究成果如下：建立了煤層群開采應(yīng)力與形變的迭代關(guān)聯(lián)模型,給出了煤層群覆巖應(yīng)力與形變的演化分析原理及方法。以上部支承煤柱作為影響下部煤層開采的典型應(yīng)力單元,給出了覆巖非充分垮落、充分垮落條件下的煤柱集中應(yīng)力計(jì)算方法,并對(duì)多層煤柱的疊加應(yīng)力傳遞機(jī)理進(jìn)行理論分析；將煤層群開采過程中的巖層垮落形變分為靜態(tài)形變與動(dòng)態(tài)形變,建立了煤層群開采覆巖動(dòng)態(tài)形變分析模型,分別對(duì)頂板結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定、失穩(wěn)條件下的巖層垮落形變進(jìn)行理論分析；將巖層垮落形成的滲漏空間統(tǒng)一作為貫通帶,分別對(duì)單一采場(chǎng)和多采場(chǎng)開采條件下的貫通帶發(fā)育高度進(jìn)行理論分析�；诖罅坎煌牧吓浔鹊脑嚰箟簭�(qiáng)度、抗拉強(qiáng)度測(cè)試,以相似模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)方法,研究大同礦區(qū)多煤層組重疊開采覆巖位移、裂隙及應(yīng)力演化分布規(guī)律�！半p系”煤層群覆巖應(yīng)力與垮落形態(tài)作為耦合時(shí)變系統(tǒng),隨煤層復(fù)合采動(dòng)經(jīng)歷了“平衡—失穩(wěn)—平衡”循環(huán)變化過程,應(yīng)力集中突出,覆巖活動(dòng)劇烈,裂隙發(fā)育范圍廣,形成復(fù)雜的多層采空區(qū)連通狀態(tài)。以永定莊煤礦8910綜采工作面為典型,運(yùn)用理論與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)分析方法,進(jìn)行侏羅系近距離煤層群開采礦壓顯現(xiàn)規(guī)律及控制技術(shù)研究。分析了上覆多層煤柱疊加應(yīng)力對(duì)下部近距離工作面的直接影響；揭示了集中載荷作用下綜采工作面基本頂巖層的動(dòng)態(tài)形變規(guī)律、礦壓顯現(xiàn)特征以及強(qiáng)礦壓顯現(xiàn)機(jī)理；分別對(duì)綜采工作面過采空區(qū)、實(shí)體煤及過煤柱時(shí)支架的工作阻力進(jìn)行研究,并采取針對(duì)性頂板控制技術(shù),確保了綜采工作面安全回采。以同忻煤礦8105綜放工作面為典型,運(yùn)用理論與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)分析方法,進(jìn)行石炭系特厚煤層開采礦壓顯現(xiàn)規(guī)律及控制技術(shù)研究。分析了上覆侏羅系多層煤柱疊加應(yīng)力傳遞規(guī)律,以及對(duì)石炭系大區(qū)域頂板巖層的能量積聚作用；揭示了集中載荷作用下頂板各關(guān)鍵巖層的動(dòng)態(tài)形變規(guī)律,對(duì)石炭系特厚煤層開采頻繁強(qiáng)礦壓顯現(xiàn)的誘因與機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析；按“懸臂梁一鉸接巖梁”結(jié)構(gòu)與巖層力矩平衡分析方法確定了綜放工作面支架的合理工作阻力,結(jié)合特厚煤層開采頂板控制技術(shù),保障了綜放工作面順利推進(jìn)。
[Abstract]:The superposition mining of Jurassic and Carboniferous multiple coal seams in Datong mining area, and the mining history of upper Jurassic coal seam group is long, and the mining forms are various, which results in strong rock pressure in the mining process of Jurassic lower coal seam and Carboniferous extra thick coal seam. It is difficult to maintain roof. In view of the occurrence characteristics and mining conditions of "double system" coal seam group in Datong mining area, field investigation, theoretical analysis, similar simulation experiment, field observation and other research methods are used to study the Jurassic coal seam group at close range, respectively. In this paper, the law of mine pressure behavior and its control technology are studied. The main results are as follows: the iterative correlation model of mining stress and deformation of coal seam group is established. The evolution analysis principle and method of overburden stress and deformation of coal seam group are given. The above supporting coal pillar is taken as the typical stress unit affecting the mining of the lower coal seam, and the incomplete collapse of overburden rock is given. The method of calculating the concentrated stress of coal pillar under the condition of sufficient caving, and the theoretical analysis of the mechanism of superposition stress transfer of multi-layer coal pillar are carried out, and the rock collapse deformation in the process of coal seam group mining is divided into static deformation and dynamic deformation. The dynamic deformation analysis model of overburden rock in coal seam group mining is established, and the roof collapse deformation under the condition of stable roof structure and instability is analyzed theoretically, and the seepage space formed by rock collapse is taken as the through zone. The development height of the through-zone under the condition of single stope and multi-stope mining is analyzed theoretically. Based on the test of compressive strength and tensile strength of a large number of different material ratios, the similar simulation experimental method is used. The distribution law of overburden displacement, crack and stress evolution in superimposed mining in Datong mining area is studied. The overburden stress and collapse form of "double system" coal seam group are used as coupled time-varying systems. With the complex mining of coal seam, the process of "balance, instability and equilibrium" cycle changes, the stress concentration is prominent, the overburden rock activity is intense, and the fracture has a wide range of development. The complex multilayer goaf connected state is formed. Taking Yongdingzhuang coal mine 8910 fully mechanized mining face as a typical example, the theory and field measurement analysis method are used. The rock pressure behavior and control technology of Jurassic coal seam group are studied and the direct influence of superposition stress of overlying multi-layer coal pillar on the lower coal face is analyzed. This paper reveals the dynamic deformation law of the basic roof strata, the characteristics of the rock pressure behavior and the mechanism of the strong mine pressure behavior under the action of concentrated load, and studies the working resistance of the support in the overgoaf, solid coal and coal pillar of the fully mechanized mining face, respectively. Taking the 8105 fully mechanized caving face of Tongxin Coal Mine as a typical example, the method of theoretical and field measurement analysis is used to ensure the safe mining of fully mechanized mining face. In this paper, the law of rock pressure behavior and its control technology in Carboniferous extra thick coal seam mining are studied. The superposition stress transfer law of superimposed Jurassic multi-layer coal pillar and the effect of energy accumulation on the roof strata in large area of Carboniferous system are analyzed. The dynamic deformation law of the key strata of roof under concentrated load is revealed, and the inducement and mechanism of frequent strong rock pressure in Carboniferous thick coal seam mining are analyzed. According to the balance analysis method of "cantilever beam-hinged rock beam" and the moment of rock stratum, the reasonable working resistance of the support in fully mechanized caving face is determined. Combined with the roof control technology of the extra thick coal seam, the smooth advance of the fully mechanized caving face is ensured.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD323

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